{"id":48757,"date":"2023-01-24T11:36:25","date_gmt":"2023-01-24T04:36:25","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/jobsgo.vn\/blog\/?p=48757"},"modified":"2024-10-30T11:43:21","modified_gmt":"2024-10-30T04:43:21","slug":"chuong-trinh-may-tinh-la-gi","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/jobsgo.vn\/blog\/chuong-trinh-may-tinh-la-gi\/","title":{"rendered":"Ch\u01b0\u01a1ng tr\u00ecnh m\u00e1y t\u00ednh l\u00e0 g\u00ec? Nh\u1eefng th\u00f4ng tin c\u01a1 b\u1ea3n b\u1ea1n c\u1ea7n bi\u1ebft"},"content":{"rendered":"\n
Ch\u01b0\u01a1ng tr\u00ecnh m\u00e1y t\u00ednh l\u00e0 thu\u1eadt ng\u1eef \u0111\u1eb7c th\u00f9 trong l\u0129nh v\u1ef1c c\u00f4ng ngh\u1ec7 th\u00f4ng tin. Nh\u01b0ng \u0111\u1ed1i v\u1edbi nh\u1eefng ng\u01b0\u1eddi m\u1edbi, nh\u1eefng newbie ch\u1eadp ch\u1eefng tr\u00ean h\u00e0nh tr\u00ecnh t\u00ecm ki\u1ebfm kinh nghi\u1ec7m, \u0111\u00e2y l\u1ea1i l\u00e0 c\u1ea3 \u201cb\u1ea7u tr\u1eddi\u201d m\u1edbi l\u1ea1. V\u1eady <\/em>ch\u01b0\u01a1ng tr\u00ecnh m\u00e1y t\u00ednh l\u00e0 g\u00ec<\/em><\/strong><\/a>, theo d\u00f5i b\u00e0i vi\u1ebft d\u01b0\u1edbi \u0111\u00e2y \u0111\u1ec3 c\u00f3 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c c\u00e2u tr\u1ea3 l\u1eddi.<\/em><\/p>\n Ch\u01b0\u01a1ng tr\u00ecnh m\u00e1y t\u00ednh l\u00e0 g\u00ec? Nh\u1eefng th\u00f4ng tin c\u01a1 b\u1ea3n b\u1ea1n c\u1ea7n bi\u1ebft<\/em><\/p>\n M\u1ee5c l\u1ee5c<\/p> Ch\u01b0\u01a1ng tr\u00ecnh m\u00e1y t\u00ednh<\/strong><\/a> m\u1ed9t chu\u1ed7i c\u00e2u l\u1ec7nh m\u00e1y t\u00ednh, t\u1eadp h\u1ee3p \u0111\u1ea7y \u0111\u1ee7 th\u00f4ng tin h\u01b0\u1edbng d\u1eabn gi\u00fap ng\u01b0\u1eddi d\u00f9ng d\u1ec5 d\u00e0ng thao t\u00e1c, th\u1ef1c hi\u1ec7n nhi\u1ec7m v\u1ee5 tr\u00ean m\u00e1y vi t\u00ednh.<\/p><\/blockquote>\n M\u1ed7i ch\u01b0\u01a1ng tr\u00ecnh m\u00e1y t\u00ednh \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c thi\u1ebft l\u1eadp b\u1edfi ng\u00f4n ng\u1eef l\u1eadp tr\u00ecnh kh\u00e1c nhau, \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c \u0111\u1eb7t \u1edf trung t\u00e2m x\u1eed l\u00fd. Nh\u01b0ng t\u1ea5t c\u1ea3 \u0111\u1ec1u v\u00f4 c\u00f9ng quan tr\u1ecdng v\u00e0 c\u1ea7n thi\u1ebft trong vi\u1ec7c thao t\u00e1c, th\u1ef1c hi\u1ec7n c\u00e2u l\u1ec7nh theo \u00fd mu\u1ed1n.<\/p>\n Ch\u1ee9c n\u0103ng c\u1ee7a ch\u01b0\u01a1ng tr\u00ecnh m\u00e1y t\u00ednh<\/strong> \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c ph\u00e2n lo\u1ea1i r\u00f5 r\u00e0ng th\u00e0nh hai lo\u1ea1i l\u00e0 ch\u1ee9c n\u0103ng h\u1ec7 th\u1ed1ng v\u00e0 ch\u1ee9c n\u0103ng \u1ee9ng d\u1ee5ng:<\/p>\n Xem th\u00eam: Ng\u00e0nh khoa h\u1ecdc m\u00e1y t\u00ednh<\/a> l\u00e0 g\u00ec, h\u1ecdc g\u00ec v\u00e0 ra tr\u01b0\u1eddng l\u00e0m g\u00ec?<\/strong><\/p>\n Ch\u01b0\u01a1ng tr\u00ecnh m\u00e1y t\u00ednh<\/strong> \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c ph\u00e2n lo\u1ea1i d\u1ef1a tr\u00ean ch\u1ee9c n\u0103ng gi\u00fap ng\u01b0\u1eddi d\u00f9ng thu\u1eadn ti\u1ec7n h\u01a1n trong th\u1ef1c hi\u1ec7n c\u00e1c thao t\u00e1c. C\u1ee5 th\u1ec3 nh\u01b0 sau:<\/p>\n Ch\u01b0\u01a1ng tr\u00ecnh ph\u1ea7n m\u1ec1m m\u00e1y t\u00ednh<\/strong> l\u00e0 chu\u1ed7i c\u00e2u l\u1ec7nh gi\u00fap ng\u01b0\u1eddi d\u00f9ng th\u1ef1c hi\u1ec7n m\u1ed9t ho\u1eb7c m\u1ed9t nh\u00f3m nhi\u1ec1u nhi\u1ec7m v\u1ee5 kh\u00e1c nhau . C\u00f3 th\u1ec3 \u0111i\u1ec3m qua m\u1ed9t s\u1ed1 v\u00ed d\u1ee5 nh\u01b0 m\u1ed9t b\u1ed9 x\u1eed l\u00fd t\u1eeb, \u1ee9ng d\u1ee5ng k\u1ebf to\u00e1n, tr\u00ecnh duy\u1ec7t web,\u2026<\/p>\n T\u01b0\u1edfng xa l\u1ea1 nh\u01b0ng c\u00e1c ch\u01b0\u01a1ng tr\u00ecnh ti\u1ec7n \u00edch v\u00f4 c\u00f9ng g\u1ea7n g\u0169i v\u00e0 quen thu\u1ed9c. Anti virus, qu\u1ea3n l\u00fd clipboard,\u2026 l\u00e0 nh\u1eefng ch\u01b0\u01a1ng tr\u00ecnh ti\u1ec7n \u00edch ph\u1ed5 bi\u1ebfn b\u1eadc nh\u1ea5t hi\u1ec7n nay.<\/p>\n H\u1ec7 \u0111i\u1ec1u h\u00e0nh l\u00e0 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c v\u00ed nh\u01b0 \u201cc\u1ea7u n\u1ed1i\u201d gi\u1eefa ng\u01b0\u1eddi s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng v\u1edbi t\u1ea5t c\u1ea3 ph\u1ea7n c\u1ee9ng m\u00e1y t\u00ednh. Th\u00f4ng qua \u0111\u00f3, ng\u01b0\u1eddi d\u00f9ng d\u1ec5 d\u00e0ng thao t\u00e1c, th\u1ef1c hi\u1ec7n h\u00e0nh vi, t\u00e1c v\u1ee5,… theo nhu c\u1ea7u.<\/p>\n V\u1edbi ch\u01b0\u01a1ng tr\u00ecnh kh\u1edfi \u0111\u1ed9ng, b\u1ea1n d\u1ec5 d\u00e0ng kh\u1edfi t\u1ea1o h\u1ec7 th\u1ed1ng, \u0111\u0103ng k\u00fd x\u1eed l\u00fd \u0111i\u1ec1u khi\u1ec3n thi\u1ebft b\u1ecb cho n\u1ed9i dung b\u1ed9 nh\u1edb,\u2026 ch\u1ec9 b\u1eb1ng c\u00e1c thao t\u00e1c \u0111\u01a1n gi\u1ea3n.<\/p>\n \u0110\u00e2y l\u00e0 ch\u01b0\u01a1ng tr\u00ecnh gi\u00fap ph\u00e1t hi\u1ec7n ph\u1ea7n c\u1ee9ng b\u1ecb nh\u00fang firmware gi\u00fap ki\u1ec3m so\u00e1t c\u00e1c ho\u1ea1t \u0111\u1ed9ng th\u1ef1c hi\u1ec7n v\u00e0 gi\u1eef nguy\u00ean tr\u1ea1ng ch\u01b0\u01a1ng tr\u00ecnh m\u00e1y t\u00ednh b\u1ecb thay \u0111\u1ed5i.<\/p>\n Ch\u01b0\u01a1ng tr\u00ecnh n\u00e0y c\u00f3 nhi\u1ec7m v\u1ee5 ki\u1ec3m so\u00e1t b\u1ed9 ph\u1eadn x\u1eed l\u00fd trung t\u00e2m c\u00f9ng c\u00e1c ph\u1ea7n c\u1ee9ng. M\u00e3 n\u00e0y c\u0169ng c\u00f3 t\u00e1c d\u1ee5ng di chuy\u1ec3n d\u1eef li\u1ec7u, ki\u1ec3m so\u00e1t b\u1ed9 ph\u1eadn x\u1eed l\u00fd trung t\u00e2m v\u00e0 \u0111\u01a1n v\u1ecb ch\u1ee9c n\u0103ng kh\u00e1c trong CPU.<\/p>\n Xem th\u00eam: Qu\u1ea3n tr\u1ecb m\u1ea1ng m\u00e1y t\u00ednh l\u00e0 g\u00ec<\/a>? H\u1ecdc g\u00ec v\u00e0 ra tr\u01b0\u1eddng l\u00e0m g\u00ec?<\/strong><\/p>\n V\u1edbi s\u1ef1 ph\u00e1t tri\u1ec3n nh\u01b0 v\u0169 b\u00e3o c\u1ee7a c\u00f4ng ngh\u1ec7, vi\u1ec7c t\u1ea1o ra c\u00e1c ch\u01b0\u01a1ng tr\u00ecnh m\u00e1y t\u00ednh<\/strong> kh\u00f4ng c\u00f2n qu\u00e1 kh\u00f3, ngay c\u1ea3 v\u1edbi nh\u1eefng ng\u01b0\u1eddi m\u1edbi. Vi\u1ec7c \u0111\u1ea7u ti\u00ean b\u1ea1n c\u1ea7n l\u00e0m l\u00e0 trang b\u1ecb cho m\u00ecnh ki\u1ebfn th\u1ee9c c\u01a1 b\u1ea3n. Ti\u1ebfp \u0111\u00f3, b\u1ea1n h\u00e3y b\u1eaft \u0111\u1ea7u theo quy tr\u00ecnh c\u01a1 b\u1ea3n sau:<\/p>\n Theo c\u00e1c IT chuy\u00ean nghi\u1ec7p, ch\u01b0\u01a1ng tr\u00ecnh m\u00e1y t\u00ednh<\/strong> th\u01b0\u1eddng \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c l\u01b0u tr\u1eef s\u1eb5n b\u00ean trong \u0111\u0129a c\u1ee9ng c\u1ee7a m\u00e1y t\u00ednh v\u1edbi nhi\u1ec7m v\u1ee5 l\u01b0u tr\u1eef ch\u01b0\u01a1ng tr\u00ecnh l\u00e2u d\u00e0i. \u0110\u1ed3ng th\u1eddi, ch\u00fang c\u0169ng c\u00f3 t\u00e1c d\u1ee5ng b\u1ea3o m\u1eadt to\u00e0n b\u1ed9 t\u00e0i li\u1ec7u v\u00e0 th\u00f4ng tin tr\u00ean m\u00e1y t\u00ednh.<\/p>\n B\u00ean c\u1ea1nh \u0111\u00f3, ch\u01b0\u01a1ng tr\u00ecnh m\u00e1y t\u00ednh<\/strong> c\u0169ng \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c l\u01b0u tr\u1eef tr\u00ean c\u00e1c lo\u1ea1i \u0111\u0129a m\u1ec1m, \u0111\u0129a CD v\u00e0 thi\u1ebft b\u1ecb nh\u1edb flash \u0111\u1ec3 thu\u1eadn ti\u1ec7n cho vi\u1ec7c trao \u0111\u1ed5i th\u00f4ng tin c\u1ee7a ng\u01b0\u1eddi d\u00f9ng.<\/p>\n1. Ch\u01b0\u01a1ng tr\u00ecnh m\u00e1y t\u00ednh l\u00e0 g\u00ec?<\/strong><\/span><\/h2>\n
2. Ch\u1ee9c n\u0103ng c\u1ee7a ch\u01b0\u01a1ng tr\u00ecnh m\u00e1y t\u00ednh<\/strong><\/span><\/h2>\n
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3. C\u00e1c h\u1ec7 ch\u01b0\u01a1ng tr\u00ecnh m\u00e1y t\u00ednh<\/strong><\/span><\/h2>\n
3.1. Ch\u01b0\u01a1ng tr\u00ecnh ph\u1ea7n m\u1ec1m \u1ee9ng d\u1ee5ng<\/strong><\/span><\/h3>\n
3.2. Ch\u01b0\u01a1ng tr\u00ecnh ti\u1ec7n \u00edch<\/strong><\/span><\/h3>\n
3.3. H\u1ec7 \u0111i\u1ec1u h\u00e0nh<\/strong><\/span><\/h3>\n
3.4. Ch\u01b0\u01a1ng tr\u00ecnh kh\u1edfi \u0111\u1ed9ng<\/strong><\/span><\/h3>\n
3.5. Ch\u01b0\u01a1ng tr\u00ecnh nh\u00fang<\/strong><\/span><\/h3>\n
3.6. Ch\u01b0\u01a1ng tr\u00ecnh Microcode<\/strong><\/span><\/h3>\n
4. C\u00e1ch t\u1ea1o ch\u01b0\u01a1ng tr\u00ecnh m\u00e1y t\u00ednh<\/strong><\/span><\/h2>\n
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5. Ch\u01b0\u01a1ng tr\u00ecnh m\u00e1y t\u00ednh l\u01b0u tr\u1eef \u1edf \u0111\u00e2u?<\/strong><\/span><\/h2>\n