{"id":55586,"date":"2023-06-02T14:16:09","date_gmt":"2023-06-02T07:16:09","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/jobsgo.vn\/blog\/?p=55586"},"modified":"2023-12-20T09:31:24","modified_gmt":"2023-12-20T02:31:24","slug":"nhung-cau-hoi-phong-van-software-engineer","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/jobsgo.vn\/blog\/nhung-cau-hoi-phong-van-software-engineer\/","title":{"rendered":"Top nh\u1eefng c\u00e2u h\u1ecfi ph\u1ecfng v\u1ea5n Software Engineer ph\u1ed5 bi\u1ebfn"},"content":{"rendered":"\n<div class=\"kk-star-ratings\n     kksr-valign-top     kksr-align-left    \"\n    data-payload=\"{&quot;align&quot;:&quot;left&quot;,&quot;id&quot;:&quot;55586&quot;,&quot;slug&quot;:&quot;default&quot;,&quot;valign&quot;:&quot;top&quot;,&quot;reference&quot;:&quot;auto&quot;,&quot;count&quot;:&quot;2&quot;,&quot;readonly&quot;:&quot;&quot;,&quot;score&quot;:&quot;4.5&quot;,&quot;best&quot;:&quot;5&quot;,&quot;gap&quot;:&quot;5&quot;,&quot;greet&quot;:&quot;\\u0110\\u00e1nh gi\\u00e1 post&quot;,&quot;legend&quot;:&quot;4.5\\\/5 - (2 votes)&quot;,&quot;size&quot;:&quot;22&quot;,&quot;width&quot;:&quot;119&quot;,&quot;_legend&quot;:&quot;{score}\\\/{best} - ({count} {votes})&quot;}\">\n    \n<div class=\"kksr-stars\">\n    \n<div class=\"kksr-stars-inactive\">\n            <div class=\"kksr-star\" data-star=\"1\" style=\"padding-right: 5px\">\n            \n\n<div class=\"kksr-icon\" style=\"width: 22px; height: 22px;\"><\/div>\n        <\/div>\n            <div class=\"kksr-star\" data-star=\"2\" style=\"padding-right: 5px\">\n            \n\n<div class=\"kksr-icon\" style=\"width: 22px; height: 22px;\"><\/div>\n        <\/div>\n            <div class=\"kksr-star\" data-star=\"3\" style=\"padding-right: 5px\">\n            \n\n<div class=\"kksr-icon\" style=\"width: 22px; height: 22px;\"><\/div>\n        <\/div>\n            <div class=\"kksr-star\" data-star=\"4\" style=\"padding-right: 5px\">\n            \n\n<div class=\"kksr-icon\" style=\"width: 22px; height: 22px;\"><\/div>\n        <\/div>\n            <div class=\"kksr-star\" data-star=\"5\" style=\"padding-right: 5px\">\n            \n\n<div class=\"kksr-icon\" style=\"width: 22px; height: 22px;\"><\/div>\n        <\/div>\n    <\/div>\n    \n<div class=\"kksr-stars-active\" style=\"width: 119px;\">\n            <div class=\"kksr-star\" style=\"padding-right: 5px\">\n            \n\n<div class=\"kksr-icon\" style=\"width: 22px; height: 22px;\"><\/div>\n        <\/div>\n            <div class=\"kksr-star\" style=\"padding-right: 5px\">\n            \n\n<div class=\"kksr-icon\" style=\"width: 22px; height: 22px;\"><\/div>\n        <\/div>\n            <div class=\"kksr-star\" style=\"padding-right: 5px\">\n            \n\n<div class=\"kksr-icon\" style=\"width: 22px; height: 22px;\"><\/div>\n        <\/div>\n            <div class=\"kksr-star\" style=\"padding-right: 5px\">\n            \n\n<div class=\"kksr-icon\" style=\"width: 22px; height: 22px;\"><\/div>\n        <\/div>\n            <div class=\"kksr-star\" style=\"padding-right: 5px\">\n            \n\n<div class=\"kksr-icon\" style=\"width: 22px; height: 22px;\"><\/div>\n        <\/div>\n    <\/div>\n<\/div>\n    \n<div class=\"kksr-legend\">\n            4.5\/5 - (2 votes)    <\/div>\n<\/div>\n<p><em>V\u00ec nhu c\u1ea7u tuy\u1ec3n d\u1ee5ng cao n\u00ean c\u00f3 r\u1ea5t nhi\u1ec1u bu\u1ed5i ph\u1ecfng v\u1ea5n, g\u1eb7p g\u1ee1 v\u1edbi \u1ee9ng vi\u00ean cho c\u00e1c v\u1ecb tr\u00ed Software Engineers \u1edf Vi\u1ec7t Nam. Trong khu\u00f4n kh\u1ed5 b\u00e0i vi\u1ebft n\u00e0y, JobsGO s\u1ebd chia s\u1ebb <\/em><a href=\"https:\/\/jobsgo.vn\/blog\/nhung-cau-hoi-phong-van-software-engineer\/#nh\u1eefng_c\u00e2u_h\u1ecfi_ph\u1ecfng_v\u1ea5n_software_engineer\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\"><strong><em>nh\u1eefng c\u00e2u h\u1ecfi ph\u1ecfng v\u1ea5n Software Engineer<\/em><\/strong><\/a><em> ph\u1ed5 bi\u1ebfn v\u00e0 g\u1ee3i \u00fd c\u00e1ch tr\u1ea3 l\u1eddi \u0111\u1ec3 b\u1ea1n chu\u1ea9n b\u1ecb t\u1ed1t cho bu\u1ed5i \u0111\u1ea7u g\u1eb7p g\u1ee1 Nh\u00e0 tuy\u1ec3n d\u1ee5ng. \u0110\u1ecdc ngay nh\u00e9!<\/em><\/p>\n<div id=\"toc_container\" class=\"toc_light_blue no_bullets\"><p class=\"toc_title\">M\u1ee5c l\u1ee5c<\/p><ul class=\"toc_list\"><li><a href=\"#1_Su_khac_nhau_giua_mang_Array_va_danh_sach_lien_ket_Linked_List\">1. S\u1ef1 kh\u00e1c nhau gi\u1eefa m\u1ea3ng (Array) v\u00e0 danh s\u00e1ch li\u00ean k\u1ebft (Linked List)<\/a><\/li><li><a href=\"#2_Su_khac_nhau_giua_Ngan_xep_Stack_va_Hang_doi_Queue\">2. S\u1ef1 kh\u00e1c nhau gi\u1eefa Ng\u0103n x\u1ebfp (Stack) v\u00e0 H\u00e0ng \u0111\u1ee3i (Queue)<\/a><\/li><li><a href=\"#3_Su_khac_nhau_giua_Cay_Tree_va_Do_thi_Graph\">3. S\u1ef1 kh\u00e1c nhau gi\u1eefa C\u00e2y (Tree) v\u00e0 \u0110\u1ed3 th\u1ecb (Graph)<\/a><\/li><li><a href=\"#4_Hay_cho_biet_ve_giai_thuat_sap_xep_Sort\">4. H\u00e3y cho bi\u1ebft v\u1ec1 gi\u1ea3i thu\u1eadt s\u1eafp x\u1ebfp (Sort)<\/a><\/li><li><a href=\"#5_Breadth_First_Search_va_Depth_First_Search_la_gi\">5. Breadth First Search v\u00e0 Depth First Search l\u00e0 g\u00ec?<\/a><\/li><li><a href=\"#6_Cho_mot_danh_sach_so_nguyen_integers_lam_sao_de_kiem_tra_xem_mot_so_bat_ky_co_ton_tai_trong_danh_sach_do\">6. Cho m\u1ed9t danh s\u00e1ch s\u1ed1 nguy\u00ean (integers), l\u00e0m sao \u0111\u1ec3 ki\u1ec3m tra xem m\u1ed9t s\u1ed1 b\u1ea5t k\u1ef3 c\u00f3 t\u1ed3n t\u1ea1i trong danh s\u00e1ch \u0111\u00f3?<\/a><\/li><li><a href=\"#7_Tim_mot_so_dao_nguoc_cua_mot_so\">7. T\u00ecm m\u1ed9t s\u1ed1 \u0111\u1ea3o ng\u01b0\u1ee3c c\u1ee7a m\u1ed9t s\u1ed1<\/a><\/li><li><a href=\"#8_HashTable_bang_bam_la_gi\">8. HashTable (b\u1ea3ng b\u0103m) l\u00e0 g\u00ec?<\/a><\/li><li><a href=\"#9_Cac_thuat_toan_sap_xep_dua_tren_so_sanh\">9. C\u00e1c thu\u1eadt to\u00e1n s\u1eafp x\u1ebfp d\u1ef1a tr\u00ean so s\u00e1nh<\/a><\/li><li><a href=\"#10_Hay_cho_biet_ve_cach_duyet_cay_Inorder_vs_Preorder_vs_Postorder\">10. H\u00e3y cho bi\u1ebft v\u1ec1 c\u00e1ch duy\u1ec7t c\u00e2y: Inorder vs Preorder vs Postorder<\/a><\/li><li><a href=\"#11_Do_phuc_tap_thoi_gian_Time_Complexity_va_Do_phuc_tap_bo_nho_Space_Complexity_la_gi_Hay_cho_vi_du\">11. \u0110\u1ed9 ph\u1ee9c t\u1ea1p th\u1eddi gian (Time Complexity) v\u00e0 \u0110\u1ed9 ph\u1ee9c t\u1ea1p b\u1ed9 nh\u1edb (Space Complexity) l\u00e0 g\u00ec? H\u00e3y cho v\u00ed d\u1ee5<\/a><\/li><li><a href=\"#12_Binary_Search_la_gi\">12. Binary Search l\u00e0 g\u00ec?<\/a><\/li><li><a href=\"#13_Hay_giai_thich_ve_ky_thuat_hai_con_tro_Two_Pointers\">13. H\u00e3y gi\u1ea3i th\u00edch v\u1ec1 k\u1ef9 thu\u1eadt hai con tr\u1ecf (Two Pointers)<\/a><\/li><li><a href=\"#14_Prefix_Sum_la_gi\">14. Prefix Sum l\u00e0 g\u00ec?<\/a><\/li><li><a href=\"#15_Phan_biet_Cay_nhi_phan_Binary_Tree_va_Cay_nhi_phan_tim_kiem_Binary_Search_Tree\">15. Ph\u00e2n bi\u1ec7t C\u00e2y nh\u1ecb ph\u00e2n (Binary Tree) v\u00e0 C\u00e2y nh\u1ecb ph\u00e2n t\u00ecm ki\u1ebfm (Binary Search Tree)<\/a><\/li><li><a href=\"#16_OOP_la_gi_Tai_sao_chung_ta_nen_su_dung_OOP\">16. OOP l\u00e0 g\u00ec? T\u1ea1i sao ch\u00fang ta n\u00ean s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng OOP?<\/a><\/li><li><a href=\"#17_Tai_sao_Constructor_khong_tra_ve_gia_tri_nao\">17. T\u1ea1i sao Constructor kh\u00f4ng tr\u1ea3 v\u1ec1 gi\u00e1 tr\u1ecb n\u00e0o?<\/a><\/li><li><a href=\"#18_Hay_giai_thich_khai_niem_Polymorphism\">18. H\u00e3y gi\u1ea3i th\u00edch kh\u00e1i ni\u1ec7m Polymorphism?<\/a><\/li><li><a href=\"#19_Design_Patterns_la_gi_Tai_sao_chung_ta_can_dung_Design_Patterns\">19. Design Patterns l\u00e0 g\u00ec? T\u1ea1i sao ch\u00fang ta c\u1ea7n d\u00f9ng Design Patterns?<\/a><\/li><li><a href=\"#20_Hay_mo_ta_mo_hinh_MVC_Dua_ra_cach_giai_quyet_van_de_Massive_Controller\">20. H\u00e3y m\u00f4 t\u1ea3 m\u00f4 h\u00ecnh MVC. \u0110\u01b0a ra c\u00e1ch gi\u1ea3i quy\u1ebft v\u1ea5n \u0111\u1ec1 \u201cMassive Controller\u201d<\/a><\/li><\/ul><\/div>\n<h2><span id=\"1_Su_khac_nhau_giua_mang_Array_va_danh_sach_lien_ket_Linked_List\"><strong>1. S\u1ef1 kh\u00e1c nhau gi\u1eefa m\u1ea3ng (Array) v\u00e0 danh s\u00e1ch li\u00ean k\u1ebft (Linked List)<\/strong><\/span><\/h2>\n<p>S\u1ef1 kh\u00e1c nhau gi\u1eefa Array v\u00e0 Linked List lu\u00f4n l\u00e0 m\u1ed9t trong <strong>nh\u1eefng c\u00e2u h\u1ecfi ph\u1ecfng v\u1ea5n Software Engineer<\/strong> th\u01b0\u1eddng g\u1eb7p t\u1ea1i nhi\u1ec1u c\u00f4ng ty.<\/p>\n<p><strong>G\u1ee3i \u00fd tr\u1ea3 l\u1eddi:<\/strong><\/p>\n<table style=\"width: 777px;\">\n<tbody>\n<tr>\n<td style=\"text-align: center; width: 122px;\"><strong>So s\u00e1nh<\/strong><\/td>\n<td style=\"text-align: center; width: 321.891px;\"><strong>Array<\/strong><\/td>\n<td style=\"text-align: center; width: 319.109px;\"><strong>Linked List<\/strong><\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td style=\"width: 122px; text-align: center;\">C\u01a1 b\u1ea3n<\/td>\n<td style=\"width: 321.891px; text-align: center;\">L\u00e0 m\u1ed9t t\u1eadp c\u1ed1 \u0111\u1ecbnh c\u00e1c ph\u1ea7n t\u1eed<\/td>\n<td style=\"width: 319.109px; text-align: center;\">M\u1ed9t t\u1eadp h\u1ee3p l\u1edbn c\u00e1c d\u1eef li\u1ec7u \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c s\u1eafp x\u1ebfp theo th\u1ee9 t\u1ef1 n\u00e0o \u0111\u00f3<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td style=\"width: 122px; text-align: center;\">K\u00edch th\u01b0\u1edbc<\/td>\n<td style=\"width: 321.891px; text-align: center;\">C\u1ed1 \u0111\u1ecbnh, \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c \u0111\u1ecbnh ngh\u0129a l\u00fac khai b\u00e1o<\/td>\n<td style=\"width: 319.109px; text-align: center;\">Kh\u00f4ng c\u1ea7n \u0111\u1ecbnh ngh\u0129a, n\u00f3 t\u1ef1 l\u1edbn l\u00ean v\u00e0 thu g\u1ecdn l\u1ea1i l\u00fac th\u1ef1c thi<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td style=\"width: 122px; text-align: center;\">N\u01a1i l\u01b0u tr\u1eef<\/td>\n<td style=\"width: 321.891px; text-align: center;\">\u0110\u1ecba \u0111i\u1ec3m c\u1ee7a c\u00e1c th\u00e0nh ph\u1ea7n \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c l\u01b0u tr\u1eef trong su\u1ed1t th\u1eddi gian compile<\/td>\n<td style=\"width: 319.109px; text-align: center;\">V\u1ecb tr\u00ed c\u1ee7a c\u00e1c th\u00e0nh ph\u1ea7n \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c ch\u1ec9 \u0111\u1ecbnh \u1edf run time<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td style=\"width: 122px; text-align: center;\">Th\u1ee9 t\u1ef1 s\u1eafp x\u1ebfp<\/td>\n<td style=\"width: 321.891px; text-align: center;\">\u0110\u01b0\u1ee3c l\u01b0u tr\u1eef li\u00ean ti\u1ebfp nhau<\/td>\n<td style=\"width: 319.109px; text-align: center;\">\u0110\u01b0\u1ee3c l\u01b0u tr\u1eef ng\u1eabu nhi\u00ean<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td style=\"width: 122px; text-align: center;\">C\u00e1ch truy c\u1eadp<\/td>\n<td style=\"width: 321.891px; text-align: center;\">Tr\u1ef1c ti\u1ebfp ho\u1eb7c ng\u1eabu nhi\u00ean<\/td>\n<td style=\"width: 319.109px; text-align: center;\">Truy c\u1eadp m\u1ed9t c\u00e1ch tu\u1ea7n t\u1ef1<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td style=\"width: 122px;\">T\u00ecm ki\u1ebfm<\/td>\n<td style=\"width: 321.891px;\">T\u00ecm ki\u1ebfm nh\u1ecb ph\u00e2n v\u00e0 t\u00ecm ki\u1ebfm tuy\u1ebfn t\u00ednh<\/td>\n<td style=\"width: 319.109px;\">T\u00ecm ki\u1ebfm tuy\u1ebfn t\u00ednh<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<\/tbody>\n<\/table>\n<p><em>B\u1ea3ng 1. S\u1ef1 kh\u00e1c bi\u1ec7t gi\u1eefa Linked List v\u00e0 Array.<\/em><\/p>\n<h2><span id=\"2_Su_khac_nhau_giua_Ngan_xep_Stack_va_Hang_doi_Queue\"><strong>2. S\u1ef1 kh\u00e1c nhau gi\u1eefa Ng\u0103n x\u1ebfp (Stack) v\u00e0 H\u00e0ng \u0111\u1ee3i (Queue)<\/strong><\/span><\/h2>\n<figure id=\"attachment_55589\" aria-describedby=\"caption-attachment-55589\" style=\"width: 800px\" class=\"wp-caption aligncenter\"><img loading=\"lazy\" class=\"size-full wp-image-55589\" src=\"https:\/\/media-blog.jobsgo.vn\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/05\/nhung-cau-hoi-phong-van-software-engineer.jpg\" alt=\"nh\u1eefng c\u00e2u h\u1ecfi ph\u1ecfng v\u1ea5n software engineer\" width=\"800\" height=\"532\" srcset=\"https:\/\/media-blog.jobsgo.vn\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/05\/nhung-cau-hoi-phong-van-software-engineer.jpg 800w, https:\/\/media-blog.jobsgo.vn\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/05\/nhung-cau-hoi-phong-van-software-engineer-300x200.jpg 300w, https:\/\/media-blog.jobsgo.vn\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/05\/nhung-cau-hoi-phong-van-software-engineer-150x100.jpg 150w, https:\/\/media-blog.jobsgo.vn\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/05\/nhung-cau-hoi-phong-van-software-engineer-768x511.jpg 768w, https:\/\/media-blog.jobsgo.vn\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/05\/nhung-cau-hoi-phong-van-software-engineer-120x80.jpg 120w, https:\/\/media-blog.jobsgo.vn\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/05\/nhung-cau-hoi-phong-van-software-engineer-360x240.jpg 360w, https:\/\/media-blog.jobsgo.vn\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/05\/nhung-cau-hoi-phong-van-software-engineer-600x400.jpg 600w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 800px) 100vw, 800px\" \/><figcaption id=\"caption-attachment-55589\" class=\"wp-caption-text\"><center><em>Nh\u1eefng c\u00e2u h\u1ecfi ph\u1ecfng v\u1ea5n Software Engineer th\u01b0\u1eddng g\u1eb7p<\/em><\/center><\/figcaption><\/figure>\n<p>N\u1ebfu kh\u00f4ng n\u1eafm \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c nh\u1eefng \u0111i\u1ec3m kh\u00e1c nhau gi\u1eefa Stack v\u00e0 Queue th\u00ec b\u1ea1n ch\u01b0a th\u1ef1c s\u1ef1 ph\u00f9 h\u1ee3p v\u1edbi ngh\u1ec1 <a rel=\"nofollow\" href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Software_engineering\"><strong>Software Engineer<\/strong><\/a>.<\/p>\n<p><strong>G\u1ee3i \u00fd tr\u1ea3 l\u1eddi:<\/strong> C\u00f3 nh\u1eefng \u0111i\u1ec3m kh\u00e1c nhau c\u01a1 b\u1ea3n gi\u1eefa Stack v\u00e0 Queue l\u00e0:<\/p>\n<table style=\"width: 777px;\">\n<tbody>\n<tr>\n<td style=\"text-align: center; width: 148px;\"><strong>So s\u00e1nh<\/strong><\/td>\n<td style=\"text-align: center; width: 300.859px;\"><strong>Stack<\/strong><\/td>\n<td style=\"text-align: center; width: 314.141px;\"><strong>Queue<\/strong><\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td style=\"width: 148px; text-align: center;\">Nguy\u00ean t\u1eafc l\u00e0m vi\u1ec7c<\/td>\n<td style=\"width: 300.859px; text-align: center;\">LIFO<\/td>\n<td style=\"width: 314.141px; text-align: center;\">FIFO<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td style=\"width: 148px; text-align: center;\">Structure<\/td>\n<td style=\"width: 300.859px; text-align: center;\">D\u00f9ng m\u1ed9t \u0111\u1ea7u \u0111\u1ec3 ch\u00e8n v\u00e0 x\u00f3a c\u00e1c ph\u1ea7n t\u1eed d\u1eef li\u1ec7u<\/td>\n<td style=\"width: 314.141px; text-align: center;\">C\u00f3 2 \u0111\u1ea7u \u0111\u1ec3 x\u1eed l\u00fd d\u1eef li\u1ec7u, m\u1ed9t \u0111\u1ea7u ch\u00e8n m\u1ed9t \u0111\u1ea7u x\u00f3a<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td style=\"width: 148px; text-align: center;\">S\u1ed1 con tr\u1ecf \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng<\/td>\n<td style=\"width: 300.859px; text-align: center;\">M\u1ed9t<\/td>\n<td style=\"width: 314.141px; text-align: center;\">Hai<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td style=\"width: 148px; text-align: center;\">Ho\u1ea1t \u0111\u1ed9ng \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c th\u1ef1c hi\u1ec7n<\/td>\n<td style=\"width: 300.859px; text-align: center;\">Push v\u00e0 Pop<\/td>\n<td style=\"width: 314.141px; text-align: center;\">Enqueue v\u00e0 dequeue<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td style=\"width: 148px; text-align: center;\">Bi\u1ebfn th\u1ec3<\/td>\n<td style=\"width: 300.859px; text-align: center;\">Kh\u00f4ng c\u00f3 bi\u1ebfn th\u1ec3<\/td>\n<td style=\"width: 314.141px; text-align: center;\">C\u00f3 c\u00e1c bi\u1ebfn th\u1ec3 nh\u01b0 h\u00e0ng \u0111\u1ee3i tr\u00f2n, h\u00e0ng \u0111\u1ee3i \u01b0u ti\u00ean, h\u00e0ng \u0111\u1ee3i k\u1ebft th\u00fac g\u1ea5p \u0111\u00f4i<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<\/tbody>\n<\/table>\n<p><em>B\u1ea3ng 2. S\u1ef1 kh\u00e1c bi\u1ec7t gi\u1eefa Stack v\u00e0 Queue.<\/em><\/p>\n<h2><span id=\"3_Su_khac_nhau_giua_Cay_Tree_va_Do_thi_Graph\"><strong>3. S\u1ef1 kh\u00e1c nhau gi\u1eefa C\u00e2y (Tree) v\u00e0 \u0110\u1ed3 th\u1ecb (Graph)<\/strong><\/span><\/h2>\n<p>V\u1edbi nh\u1eefng ng\u01b0\u1eddi nghi\u00ean c\u1ee9u v\u1ec1 c\u00e1c c\u1ea5u tr\u00fac d\u1eef li\u1ec7u, t\u1eeb &#8220;Graph&#8221; v\u00e0 &#8220;Tree&#8221; c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 g\u00e2y ra m\u1ed9t s\u1ed1 nh\u1ea7m l\u1eabn.<\/p>\n<p><strong>G\u1ee3i \u00fd tr\u1ea3 l\u1eddi:<\/strong><\/p>\n<table style=\"width: 777px;\">\n<tbody>\n<tr>\n<td style=\"text-align: center; width: 156.828px;\"><strong>So s\u00e1nh<\/strong><\/td>\n<td style=\"text-align: center; width: 316.172px;\"><strong>Tree<\/strong><\/td>\n<td style=\"text-align: center; width: 292px;\"><strong>Graph<\/strong><\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td style=\"text-align: center; width: 156.828px;\">Con \u0111\u01b0\u1eddng<\/td>\n<td style=\"text-align: center; width: 316.172px;\">Ch\u1ec9 c\u00f3 1 \u0111\u01b0\u1eddng \u0111i<\/td>\n<td style=\"text-align: center; width: 292px;\">Nhi\u1ec1u h\u01a1n 1 con \u0111\u01b0\u1eddng<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td style=\"text-align: center; width: 156.828px;\">N\u00fat g\u1ed1c<\/td>\n<td style=\"text-align: center; width: 316.172px;\">C\u00f3 1 n\u00fat g\u1ed1c<\/td>\n<td style=\"text-align: center; width: 292px;\">Kh\u00f4ng c\u00f3 n\u00fat g\u1ed1c<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td style=\"text-align: center; width: 156.828px;\">V\u00f2ng l\u1eb7p<\/td>\n<td style=\"text-align: center; width: 316.172px;\">Kh\u00f4ng c\u00f3 v\u00f2ng trong c\u00e2y<\/td>\n<td style=\"text-align: center; width: 292px;\">C\u00f3 th\u1ec3 c\u00f3 c\u00e1c v\u00f2ng l\u1eb7p<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td style=\"text-align: center; width: 156.828px;\">K\u1ef9 thu\u1eadt truy\u1ec1n t\u1ea3i<\/td>\n<td style=\"text-align: center; width: 316.172px;\">\u0110\u1eb7t h\u00e0ng tr\u01b0\u1edbc, theo th\u1ee9 t\u1ef1 v\u00e0 sau \u0111\u1eb7t h\u00e0ng<\/td>\n<td style=\"text-align: center; width: 292px;\">T\u00ecm ki\u1ebfm theo chi\u1ec1u r\u1ed9ng v\u00e0 chi\u1ec1u s\u00e2u<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td style=\"text-align: center; width: 156.828px;\">Ki\u1ec3u m\u1eabu<\/td>\n<td style=\"text-align: center; width: 316.172px;\">Th\u1ee9 b\u1eadc<\/td>\n<td style=\"text-align: center; width: 292px;\">M\u1ea1ng<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<\/tbody>\n<\/table>\n<p><em>B\u1ea3ng 3. S\u1ef1 kh\u00e1c nhau gi\u1eefa Tree v\u00e0 Graph.<\/em><\/p>\n<h2><span id=\"4_Hay_cho_biet_ve_giai_thuat_sap_xep_Sort\"><strong>4. H\u00e3y cho bi\u1ebft v\u1ec1 gi\u1ea3i thu\u1eadt s\u1eafp x\u1ebfp (Sort)<\/strong><\/span><\/h2>\n<p><strong>G\u1ee3i \u00fd tr\u1ea3 l\u1eddi:<\/strong><\/p>\n<blockquote id=\"c\u00e2u_h\u1ecfi_ph\u1ecfng_v\u1ea5n_v\u1ecb_tr\u00ed_software_engineer\" cite=\"https:\/\/jobsgo.vn\/blog\/nhung-cau-hoi-phong-van-software-engineer\/#meo_phong_van_software_engineer\"><p>Thu\u1eadt to\u00e1n s\u1eafp x\u1ebfp l\u00e0 ph\u01b0\u01a1ng ph\u00e1p s\u1eafp x\u1ebfp l\u1ea1i m\u1ed9t l\u01b0\u1ee3ng l\u1edbn c\u00e1c m\u1ee5c th\u00e0nh s\u1ed1 th\u1ee9 t\u1ef1 c\u1ee5 th\u1ec3 t\u1eeb cao \u0111\u1ebfn th\u1ea5p ho\u1eb7c ng\u01b0\u1ee3c l\u1ea1i. C\u00e1c thu\u1eadt to\u00e1n n\u00e0y l\u1ea5y m\u1ed9t danh s\u00e1ch \u0111\u1ea7u v\u00e0o, x\u1eed l\u00fd n\u00f3 v\u00e0 t\u1ea1o ra danh s\u00e1ch \u0111\u00e3 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c s\u1eafp x\u1ebfp.<\/p><\/blockquote>\n<p><strong>Xem th\u00eam: <a href=\"https:\/\/jobsgo.vn\/blog\/ky-su-phan-mem\/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">K\u1ef9 s\u01b0 ph\u1ea7n m\u1ec1m<\/a> l\u00e0 g\u00ec? K\u1ef9 n\u0103ng v\u00e0 c\u01a1 h\u1ed9i ngh\u1ec1 nghi\u1ec7p<\/strong><\/p>\n<h2><span id=\"5_Breadth_First_Search_va_Depth_First_Search_la_gi\"><strong>5. Breadth First Search v\u00e0 Depth First Search l\u00e0 g\u00ec?<\/strong><\/span><\/h2>\n<p>\u0110\u00e2y ch\u1eafc l\u00e0 c\u00e2u h\u1ecfi \u201cqu\u1ed1c d\u00e2n\u201d m\u00e0 c\u00e1c Nh\u00e0 tuy\u1ec3n d\u1ee5ng th\u01b0\u1eddng \u0111\u1ec1 c\u1eadp \u0111\u1ebfn trong bu\u1ed5i ph\u1ecfng v\u1ea5n Software Engineer.<\/p>\n<p><strong>G\u1ee3i \u00fd tr\u1ea3 l\u1eddi:<\/strong><\/p>\n<ul>\n<li aria-level=\"1\">Breadth First Search &#8211; T\u00ecm ki\u1ebfm theo chi\u1ec1u r\u1ed9ng: L\u00e0 m\u1ed9t k\u1ef9 thu\u1eadt d\u1ef1a tr\u00ean \u0111\u1ec9nh \u0111\u1ec3 t\u00ecm \u0111\u01b0\u1eddng \u0111i ng\u1eafn nh\u1ea5t trong \u0111\u1ed3 th\u1ecb. N\u00f3 s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng c\u1ea5u tr\u00fac d\u1eef li\u1ec7u h\u00e0ng \u0111\u1ee3i First In First Out.<\/li>\n<li aria-level=\"1\">Depth First Search &#8211; T\u00ecm ki\u1ebfm theo chi\u1ec1u s\u00e2u: L\u00e0 m\u1ed9t thu\u1eadt to\u00e1n t\u00ecm ho\u1eb7c duy\u1ec7t \u0111\u1ed3 th\u1ecb\/c\u00e2y theo chi\u1ec1u s\u00e2u. Vi\u1ec7c th\u1ef1c thi thu\u1eadt to\u00e1n b\u1eaft \u0111\u1ea7u \u1edf n\u00fat g\u1ed1c v\u00e0 kh\u00e1m ph\u00e1 t\u1eebng nh\u00e1nh tr\u01b0\u1edbc khi quay ng\u01b0\u1ee3c.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<h2><span id=\"6_Cho_mot_danh_sach_so_nguyen_integers_lam_sao_de_kiem_tra_xem_mot_so_bat_ky_co_ton_tai_trong_danh_sach_do\"><strong>6. Cho m\u1ed9t danh s\u00e1ch s\u1ed1 nguy\u00ean (integers), l\u00e0m sao \u0111\u1ec3 ki\u1ec3m tra xem m\u1ed9t s\u1ed1 b\u1ea5t k\u1ef3 c\u00f3 t\u1ed3n t\u1ea1i trong danh s\u00e1ch \u0111\u00f3?<\/strong><\/span><\/h2>\n<p><strong>G\u1ee3i \u00fd tr\u1ea3 l\u1eddi:<\/strong> C\u00f3 hai c\u00e1ch \u0111\u1ec3 ki\u1ec3m tra xem m\u1ed9t s\u1ed1 b\u1ea5t k\u1ef3 c\u00f3 t\u1ed3n t\u1ea1i trong danh s\u00e1ch hay kh\u00f4ng:<\/p>\n<ul>\n<li aria-level=\"1\">S\u1eed d\u1ee5ng Linear Search (T\u00ecm ki\u1ebfm tuy\u1ebfn t\u00ednh).<\/li>\n<li aria-level=\"1\">S\u1eed d\u1ee5ng Binary Search (T\u00ecm ki\u1ebfm nh\u1ecb ph\u00e2n).<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<h2><span id=\"7_Tim_mot_so_dao_nguoc_cua_mot_so\"><strong>7. T\u00ecm m\u1ed9t s\u1ed1 \u0111\u1ea3o ng\u01b0\u1ee3c c\u1ee7a m\u1ed9t s\u1ed1<\/strong><\/span><\/h2>\n<figure id=\"attachment_55590\" aria-describedby=\"caption-attachment-55590\" style=\"width: 800px\" class=\"wp-caption aligncenter\"><img loading=\"lazy\" class=\"size-full wp-image-55590\" src=\"https:\/\/media-blog.jobsgo.vn\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/05\/Cau-hoi-thuong-gap-khi-phong-van-Software-Engineer.jpg\" alt=\"C\u00e2u h\u1ecfi th\u01b0\u1eddng g\u1eb7p khi ph\u1ecfng v\u1ea5n Software Engineer\" width=\"800\" height=\"533\" srcset=\"https:\/\/media-blog.jobsgo.vn\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/05\/Cau-hoi-thuong-gap-khi-phong-van-Software-Engineer.jpg 800w, https:\/\/media-blog.jobsgo.vn\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/05\/Cau-hoi-thuong-gap-khi-phong-van-Software-Engineer-300x200.jpg 300w, https:\/\/media-blog.jobsgo.vn\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/05\/Cau-hoi-thuong-gap-khi-phong-van-Software-Engineer-150x100.jpg 150w, https:\/\/media-blog.jobsgo.vn\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/05\/Cau-hoi-thuong-gap-khi-phong-van-Software-Engineer-768x512.jpg 768w, https:\/\/media-blog.jobsgo.vn\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/05\/Cau-hoi-thuong-gap-khi-phong-van-Software-Engineer-120x80.jpg 120w, https:\/\/media-blog.jobsgo.vn\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/05\/Cau-hoi-thuong-gap-khi-phong-van-Software-Engineer-360x240.jpg 360w, https:\/\/media-blog.jobsgo.vn\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/05\/Cau-hoi-thuong-gap-khi-phong-van-Software-Engineer-600x400.jpg 600w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 800px) 100vw, 800px\" \/><figcaption id=\"caption-attachment-55590\" class=\"wp-caption-text\"><center><em>C\u00e2u h\u1ecfi th\u01b0\u1eddng g\u1eb7p khi ph\u1ecfng v\u1ea5n Software Engineer<\/em><\/center><\/figcaption><\/figure>\n<p>\u0110\u00e2y l\u00e0 m\u1ed9t trong <strong>nh\u1eefng c\u00e2u h\u1ecfi ph\u1ecfng v\u1ea5n Software Engineer<\/strong> c\u01a1 b\u1ea3n gi\u00fap \u0111\u00e1nh gi\u00e1 t\u01b0 duy l\u1eadp tr\u00ecnh v\u00e0 kh\u1ea3 n\u0103ng gi\u1ea3i quy\u1ebft c\u00e1c b\u00e0i to\u00e1n c\u1ee7a \u1ee9ng vi\u00ean.<\/p>\n<p><strong>G\u1ee3i \u00fd tr\u1ea3 l\u1eddi:<\/strong><\/p>\n<ul>\n<li aria-level=\"1\">Gi\u1ea3 s\u1eed n = 12345. Khi \u0111\u00f3 ta c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 vi\u1ebft n = 1*105 + 2*104 + 3*103 + 4*102 + 5*101.<\/li>\n<li aria-level=\"1\">V\u1eady s\u1ed1 ng\u01b0\u1ee3c l\u1ea1i c\u1ee7a n = 54321 c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 vi\u1ebft th\u00e0nh 5*105 + 4*104 + 3*103 + 2*102 + 1*101.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p><strong>Xem th\u00eam: <a href=\"https:\/\/jobsgo.vn\/blog\/software-developer-la-gi\/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">Software Developer l\u00e0 g\u00ec<\/a>? M\u00f4 t\u1ea3 c\u00f4ng vi\u1ec7c Software Developer<\/strong><\/p>\n<h2><span id=\"8_HashTable_bang_bam_la_gi\"><strong>8. HashTable (b\u1ea3ng b\u0103m) l\u00e0 g\u00ec?<\/strong><\/span><\/h2>\n<p><strong>G\u1ee3i \u00fd tr\u1ea3 l\u1eddi:<\/strong> B\u1ea3ng b\u0103m hay HashTable l\u00e0 m\u1ed9t c\u1ea5u tr\u00fac m\u00e0 khi ng\u01b0\u1eddi d\u00f9ng th\u1ef1c hi\u1ec7n truy xu\u1ea5t m\u1ed9t ph\u1ea7n t\u1eed qua kh\u00f3a th\u00ec n\u00f3 s\u1ebd \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c \u00e1nh x\u1ea1 v\u00e0o th\u00f4ng qua h\u00e0m b\u0103m (Hash Function).<\/p>\n<h2><span id=\"9_Cac_thuat_toan_sap_xep_dua_tren_so_sanh\"><strong>9. C\u00e1c thu\u1eadt to\u00e1n s\u1eafp x\u1ebfp d\u1ef1a tr\u00ean so s\u00e1nh<\/strong><\/span><\/h2>\n<p><strong>G\u1ee3i \u00fd tr\u1ea3 l\u1eddi:<\/strong> B\u1ea5t k\u1ef3 thu\u1eadt to\u00e1n s\u1eafp x\u1ebfp d\u1ef1a tr\u00ean so s\u00e1nh n\u00e0o c\u0169ng ph\u1ea3i m\u1ea5t th\u1eddi gian \u0111\u1ec3 s\u1eafp x\u1ebfp m\u1ed9t m\u1ea3ng g\u1ed3m n ph\u1ea7n t\u1eed trong tr\u01b0\u1eddng h\u1ee3p x\u1ea5u nh\u1ea5t:<\/p>\n<ul>\n<li aria-level=\"1\">Bubble Sort : so s\u00e1nh c\u00e1c ph\u1ea7n t\u1eed \u0111\u1ec3 \u0111\u1eb7t c\u00e1c ph\u1ea7n t\u1eed l\u1edbn nh\u1ea5t v\u00e0o v\u1ecb tr\u00ed cu\u1ed1i c\u00f9ng.<\/li>\n<li aria-level=\"1\">Selection Sort: so s\u00e1nh c\u00e1c ph\u1ea7n t\u1eed \u0111\u1ec3 \u0111\u1eb7t c\u00e1c ph\u1ea7n t\u1eed nh\u1ecf nh\u1ea5t v\u00e0o v\u1ecb tr\u00ed ph\u00eda tr\u01b0\u1edbc.<\/li>\n<li aria-level=\"1\">Insertion Sort: so s\u00e1nh c\u00e1c ph\u1ea7n t\u1eed \u0111\u1ec3 quy\u1ebft \u0111\u1ecbnh v\u1ecb tr\u00ed c\u1ee7a m\u1ed9t ph\u1ea7n t\u1eed trong m\u1ea3ng \u0111\u00e3 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c s\u1eafp x\u1ebfp m\u1ed9t ph\u1ea7n.<\/li>\n<li aria-level=\"1\">Merge Sort: so s\u00e1nh c\u00e1c ph\u1ea7n t\u1eed c\u1ee7a hai ph\u1ea7n t\u1eed \u0111\u00e3 s\u1eafp x\u1ebfp \u0111\u1ec3 h\u1ee3p nh\u1ea5t ch\u00fang th\u00e0nh m\u1ea3ng \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c s\u1eafp x\u1ebfp cu\u1ed1i c\u00f9ng.<\/li>\n<li aria-level=\"1\">Quicksort: so s\u00e1nh c\u00e1c ph\u1ea7n t\u1eed c\u1ee7a ph\u00e2n v\u00f9ng m\u1ea3ng ch\u01b0a \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c s\u1eafp x\u1ebfp th\u00e0nh hai n\u1eeda kh\u00e1c nhau xung quanh gi\u00e1 tr\u1ecb pivot.<\/li>\n<li aria-level=\"1\">Heapsort: so s\u00e1nh c\u00e1c ph\u1ea7n t\u1eed trong qu\u00e1 tr\u00ecnh heapify \u0111\u1ec3 \u0111\u1eb7t c\u00e1c ph\u1ea7n t\u1eed nh\u1ecf nh\u1ea5t l\u00ean ph\u00eda tr\u01b0\u1edbc c\u1ee7a m\u1ea3ng (N\u1ebfu ch\u00fang ta \u0111ang s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng Min-heap).<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<h2><span id=\"10_Hay_cho_biet_ve_cach_duyet_cay_Inorder_vs_Preorder_vs_Postorder\"><strong>10. H\u00e3y cho bi\u1ebft v\u1ec1 c\u00e1ch duy\u1ec7t c\u00e2y: Inorder vs Preorder vs Postorder<\/strong><\/span><\/h2>\n<p><strong>G\u1ee3i \u00fd tr\u1ea3 l\u1eddi:<\/strong> Nh\u1eefng c\u00e1ch th\u01b0\u1eddng \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng \u0111\u1ec3 \u0111i ngang qua c\u00e2y:<\/p>\n<ul>\n<li aria-level=\"1\">Duy\u1ec7t ti\u1ec1n th\u1ee9 t\u1ef1 (Preorder Traversal): N\u00fat g\u1ed1c -&gt; c\u00e2y con b\u00ean tr\u00e1i -&gt; c\u00e2y con b\u00ean ph\u1ea3i.<\/li>\n<li aria-level=\"1\">Duy\u1ec7t trung th\u1ee9 t\u1ef1 (Inorder Traversal): C\u00e2y con b\u00ean tr\u00e1i -&gt; n\u00fat g\u1ed1c -&gt; c\u00e2y con b\u00ean ph\u1ea3i.<\/li>\n<li aria-level=\"1\">Duy\u1ec7t h\u1eadu th\u1ee9 t\u1ef1 (Postorder Traversal): C\u00e2y con b\u00ean tr\u00e1i -&gt; c\u00e2y con b\u00ean ph\u1ea3i -&gt; n\u00fat g\u1ed1c.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<h2><span id=\"11_Do_phuc_tap_thoi_gian_Time_Complexity_va_Do_phuc_tap_bo_nho_Space_Complexity_la_gi_Hay_cho_vi_du\"><strong>11. \u0110\u1ed9 ph\u1ee9c t\u1ea1p th\u1eddi gian (Time Complexity) v\u00e0 \u0110\u1ed9 ph\u1ee9c t\u1ea1p b\u1ed9 nh\u1edb (Space Complexity) l\u00e0 g\u00ec? H\u00e3y cho v\u00ed d\u1ee5<\/strong><\/span><\/h2>\n<p><strong>Nh\u1eefng c\u00e2u h\u1ecfi ph\u1ecfng v\u1ea5n Software Engineer<\/strong> t\u1ed5ng qu\u00e1t n\u00ean kh\u00f4ng qu\u00e1 kh\u00f3, tuy nhi\u00ean b\u1ea1n c\u0169ng c\u1ea7n \u0111\u1ea3m b\u1ea3o c\u00e2u tr\u1ea3 l\u1eddi ch\u1ec9n chu \u0111\u1ec3 c\u00f3 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c kh\u1edfi \u0111\u1ea7u thu\u1eadn l\u1ee3i.<\/p>\n<p><strong>G\u1ee3i \u00fd tr\u1ea3 l\u1eddi:<\/strong><\/p>\n<table style=\"width: 777px;\">\n<tbody>\n<tr>\n<td style=\"text-align: center; width: 115px;\"><strong>Gi\u1ea3i th\u00edch<\/strong><\/td>\n<td style=\"text-align: center; width: 319.641px;\"><strong>Time Complexity<\/strong><\/td>\n<td style=\"text-align: center; width: 328.359px;\"><strong>Space Complexity<\/strong><\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td style=\"text-align: center; width: 115px;\">\u0110\u1ecbnh ngh\u0129a<\/td>\n<td style=\"text-align: center; width: 319.641px;\">L\u00e0 s\u1ef1 th\u1ec3 hi\u1ec7n l\u01b0\u1ee3ng th\u1eddi gian m\u00e0 thu\u1eadt to\u00e1n c\u1ea7n \u0111\u1ec3 th\u1ef1c thi \u0111\u1ebfn khi ho\u00e0n th\u00e0nh.<\/td>\n<td style=\"text-align: center; width: 328.359px;\">L\u00e0 m\u1ed9t th\u01b0\u1edbc \u0111o cho c\u00e1c thu\u1eadt to\u00e1n c\u1ea7n bao nhi\u00eau kh\u00f4ng gian l\u01b0u tr\u1eef li\u00ean quan \u0111\u1ebfn \u0111\u1ea7u v\u00e0o c\u1ee7a n\u00f3.<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td style=\"text-align: center; width: 115px;\">V\u00ed d\u1ee5<\/td>\n<td style=\"text-align: center; width: 319.641px;\">B\u00e0i to\u00e1n t\u00ecm ph\u1ea7n t\u1eed l\u1edbn nh\u1ea5t trong m\u1ed9t m\u1ea3ng.<\/p>\n<p>Ch\u00fang ta s\u1ebd ph\u1ea3i ch\u1ea1y v\u00f2ng l\u1eb7p tr\u00ean to\u00e0n b\u1ed9 c\u00e1c ph\u1ea7n t\u1eed c\u1ee7a m\u1ea3ng \u0111\u00f3 =&gt; Time Complexity.<\/td>\n<td style=\"text-align: center; width: 328.359px;\">Ch\u00fang ta t\u1ea1o 1 m\u1ea3ng ch\u1ee9a 20 ph\u1ea7n t\u1eed.<\/p>\n<p>V\u00ec Space complexity d\u1ef1a v\u00e0o s\u1ed1 ph\u1ea7n t\u1eed c\u1ee7a m\u1ea3ng n\u00ean n\u1ebfu s\u1ed1 l\u01b0\u1ee3ng ph\u1ea7n t\u1eed t\u0103ng l\u00ean (21, 22,\u2026 ph\u1ea7n t\u1eed) th\u00ec b\u1ed9 nh\u1edb y\u00eau c\u1ea7u s\u1ebd t\u0103ng l\u00ean.<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<\/tbody>\n<\/table>\n<p><em>B\u1ea3ng 4. T\u00ecm hi\u1ec3u v\u1ec1 Time Complexity v\u00e0 Space Complexity.<\/em><\/p>\n<h2><span id=\"12_Binary_Search_la_gi\"><strong>12. Binary Search l\u00e0 g\u00ec?<\/strong><\/span><\/h2>\n<p>Nh\u00e0 tuy\u1ec3n d\u1ee5ng h\u1ecfi b\u1ea1n c\u00e2u h\u1ecfi n\u00e0y \u0111\u1ec3 \u0111\u00e1nh gi\u00e1 b\u1ea1n c\u00f3 n\u1eafm \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c nh\u1eefng ki\u1ebfn th\u1ee9c c\u01a1 b\u1ea3n v\u1ec1 Software Engineer hay kh\u00f4ng.<\/p>\n<p><strong>G\u1ee3i \u00fd tr\u1ea3 l\u1eddi:<\/strong> Binary Search (T\u00ecm ki\u1ebfm nh\u1ecb ph\u00e2n) l\u00e0 m\u1ed9t thu\u1eadt to\u00e1n t\u00ecm ki\u1ebfm tuy\u1ebfn t\u00ednh cao c\u1ea5p v\u1edbi th\u1eddi gian ch\u1ea1y l\u00e0 O(logN). \u0110\u1ed1i v\u1edbi c\u00e1c danh s\u00e1ch l\u1edbn, thu\u1eadt to\u00e1n n\u00e0y t\u1ed1t h\u01a1n h\u1eb3n t\u00ecm ki\u1ebfm tuy\u1ebfn t\u00ednh, nh\u01b0ng n\u00f3 \u0111\u00f2i h\u1ecfi danh s\u00e1ch ph\u1ea3i \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c s\u1eafp x\u1ebfp t\u1eeb tr\u01b0\u1edbc v\u00e0 \u0111\u00f2i h\u1ecfi kh\u1ea3 n\u0103ng truy nh\u1eadp ng\u1eabu nhi\u00ean.<\/p>\n<h2><span id=\"13_Hay_giai_thich_ve_ky_thuat_hai_con_tro_Two_Pointers\"><strong>13. H\u00e3y gi\u1ea3i th\u00edch v\u1ec1 k\u1ef9 thu\u1eadt hai con tr\u1ecf (Two Pointers)<\/strong><\/span><\/h2>\n<p><strong>G\u1ee3i \u00fd tr\u1ea3 l\u1eddi:<\/strong> Two Pointer l\u00e0 k\u1ef9 thu\u1eadt s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng hai con tr\u1ecf \u0111\u1ec3 di chuy\u1ec3n tr\u00ean m\u1ed9t danh s\u00e1ch\/m\u1ea3ng\/chu\u1ed7i \u0111\u1ec3 th\u1ef1c hi\u1ec7n c\u00e1c thao t\u00e1c t\u00ecm ki\u1ebfm trong m\u1ed9t v\u00f2ng l\u1eb7p tr\u00ean c\u1ea5u tr\u00fac d\u1eef li\u1ec7u. N\u00f3 bao g\u1ed3m hai bi\u1ebfn th\u1ec3:<\/p>\n<ul>\n<li aria-level=\"1\">Opposite-Directional: M\u1ed7i con tr\u1ecf \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c \u0111\u1eb7t \u1edf hai \u0111\u1ea7u c\u1ee7a m\u1ea3ng v\u00e0 di chuy\u1ec3n v\u1ec1 ph\u00eda nhau cho \u0111\u1ebfn khi g\u1eb7p nhau.<\/li>\n<li aria-level=\"1\">Equi-Directional: M\u1ed7i con tr\u1ecf \u0111\u1ec1u b\u1eaft \u0111\u1ea7u \u1edf \u0111\u1ea7u m\u1ea3ng, m\u1ed9t con l\u00e0 con tr\u1ecf di chuy\u1ec3n ch\u1eadm trong khi con c\u00f2n l\u1ea1i l\u00e0 con tr\u1ecf nhanh h\u01a1n.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<h2><span id=\"14_Prefix_Sum_la_gi\"><strong>14. Prefix Sum l\u00e0 g\u00ec?<\/strong><\/span><\/h2>\n<p><strong>G\u1ee3i \u00fd tr\u1ea3 l\u1eddi:<\/strong> Prefix Sum l\u00e0 m\u1ed9t k\u1ef9 thu\u1eadt \u201cl\u01b0u v\u1ebft\u201d t\u1ed5ng c\u1ee7a m\u1ed9t t\u1eadp h\u1ee3p s\u1ed1 \u0111\u1ee9ng tr\u01b0\u1edbc m\u1ed9t ph\u1ea7n t\u1eed trong d\u00e3y c\u00f3 th\u1ee9 t\u1ef1. \u00dd t\u01b0\u1edfng l\u00e0 t\u1ea1o m\u1ed9t m\u1ea3ng prefix trong \u0111\u00f3 prefix[i] l\u00e0 t\u1ed5ng c\u1ee7a t\u1ea5t c\u1ea3 c\u00e1c ph\u1ea7n t\u1eed t\u00ednh \u0111\u1ebfn ch\u1ec9 s\u1ed1 i (\u0111\u00e3 bao g\u1ed3m c\u1ea3 ph\u1ea7n t\u1eed t\u1ea1i i).<\/p>\n<p>V\u00ed d\u1ee5: cho nums = [5, 2, 1, 6, 3, 8], ta s\u1ebd c\u00f3 prefix = [5, 7, 8, 14, 17, 25].<\/p>\n<figure id=\"attachment_55591\" aria-describedby=\"caption-attachment-55591\" style=\"width: 800px\" class=\"wp-caption aligncenter\"><img loading=\"lazy\" class=\"size-full wp-image-55591\" src=\"https:\/\/media-blog.jobsgo.vn\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/05\/Phong-van-Software-Engineer.jpg\" alt=\"Ph\u1ecfng v\u1ea5n Software Engineer\" width=\"800\" height=\"450\" srcset=\"https:\/\/media-blog.jobsgo.vn\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/05\/Phong-van-Software-Engineer.jpg 800w, https:\/\/media-blog.jobsgo.vn\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/05\/Phong-van-Software-Engineer-300x169.jpg 300w, https:\/\/media-blog.jobsgo.vn\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/05\/Phong-van-Software-Engineer-150x84.jpg 150w, https:\/\/media-blog.jobsgo.vn\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/05\/Phong-van-Software-Engineer-768x432.jpg 768w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 800px) 100vw, 800px\" \/><figcaption id=\"caption-attachment-55591\" class=\"wp-caption-text\"><center><em>M\u1ed9t s\u1ed1 c\u00e2u h\u1ecfi ph\u1ecfng v\u1ea5n v\u1ecb tr\u00ed Software Engineer<\/em><\/center><\/figcaption><\/figure>\n<h2><span id=\"15_Phan_biet_Cay_nhi_phan_Binary_Tree_va_Cay_nhi_phan_tim_kiem_Binary_Search_Tree\"><strong>15. Ph\u00e2n bi\u1ec7t C\u00e2y nh\u1ecb ph\u00e2n (Binary Tree) v\u00e0 C\u00e2y nh\u1ecb ph\u00e2n t\u00ecm ki\u1ebfm (Binary Search Tree)<\/strong><\/span><\/h2>\n<p>\u0110\u00e2y l\u00e0 c\u0169ng l\u00e0 m\u1ed9t trong <strong>nh\u1eefng c\u00e2u h\u1ecfi ph\u1ecfng v\u1ea5n Software Engineer<\/strong> th\u01b0\u1eddng g\u1eb7p.<\/p>\n<p><strong>G\u1ee3i \u00fd tr\u1ea3 l\u1eddi:<\/strong><\/p>\n<table style=\"width: 777px;\">\n<tbody>\n<tr>\n<td style=\"text-align: center; width: 112px;\"><strong>So s\u00e1nh<\/strong><\/td>\n<td style=\"text-align: center; width: 310.047px;\"><strong>Binary Tree<\/strong><\/td>\n<td style=\"text-align: center; width: 341.953px;\"><strong>Binary Search Tree<\/strong><\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td style=\"text-align: center; width: 112px;\">\u0110\u1ecbnh ngh\u0129a<\/td>\n<td style=\"text-align: center; width: 310.047px;\">L\u00e0 m\u1ed9t ki\u1ec3u c\u1ea5u tr\u00fac d\u1eef li\u1ec7u, trong \u0111\u00f3 m\u1ed9t n\u00fat cha c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 c\u00f3 t\u1ed1i \u0111a hai n\u00fat con.<\/td>\n<td style=\"text-align: center; width: 341.953px;\">\n<ul>\n<li aria-level=\"1\">L\u00e0 c\u00e2y nh\u1ecb ph\u00e2n, trong \u0111\u00f3: N\u00fat con b\u00ean tr\u00e1i ch\u1ec9 ch\u1ee9a c\u00e1c n\u00fat c\u00f3 gi\u00e1 tr\u1ecb nh\u1ecf h\u01a1n ho\u1eb7c b\u1eb1ng n\u00fat m\u1eb9.<\/li>\n<li aria-level=\"1\">N\u00fat con b\u00ean ph\u1ea3i ch\u1ec9 ch\u1ee9a c\u00e1c n\u00fat c\u00f3 gi\u00e1 tr\u1ecb l\u1edbn h\u01a1n n\u00fat m\u1eb9.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td style=\"text-align: center; width: 112px;\">Th\u1ee9 t\u1ef1 s\u1eafp x\u1ebfp d\u1eef li\u1ec7u<\/td>\n<td style=\"text-align: center; width: 310.047px;\">Kh\u00f4ng c\u00f3 th\u1ee9 t\u1ef1 c\u1ee5 th\u1ec3 \u0111\u1ec3 s\u1eafp x\u1ebfp c\u00e1c ph\u1ea7n t\u1eed d\u1eef li\u1ec7u.<\/td>\n<td style=\"text-align: center; width: 341.953px;\">C\u00f3 m\u1ed9t th\u1ee9 t\u1ef1 c\u1ee5 th\u1ec3 \u0111\u1ec3 s\u1eafp x\u1ebfp c\u00e1c ph\u1ea7n t\u1eed d\u1eef li\u1ec7u.<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td style=\"text-align: center; width: 112px;\">S\u1eed d\u1ee5ng<\/td>\n<td style=\"text-align: center; width: 310.047px;\">\u0110\u01b0\u1ee3c s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng nh\u01b0 m\u1ed9t d\u1ea1ng tra c\u1ee9u d\u1eef li\u1ec7u v\u00e0 th\u00f4ng tin hi\u1ec7u qu\u1ea3 trong c\u1ea5u tr\u00fac c\u00e2y.<\/td>\n<td style=\"text-align: center; width: 341.953px;\">\u0110\u01b0\u1ee3c s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng \u0111\u1ec3 ch\u00e8n, x\u00f3a v\u00e0 t\u00ecm ki\u1ebfm d\u1eef li\u1ec7u.<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<\/tbody>\n<\/table>\n<p><em>B\u1ea3ng 5. Ph\u00e2n bi\u1ec7t Binary Tree v\u00e0 Binary Search Tree.<\/em><\/p>\n<h2><span id=\"16_OOP_la_gi_Tai_sao_chung_ta_nen_su_dung_OOP\"><strong>16. OOP l\u00e0 g\u00ec? T\u1ea1i sao ch\u00fang ta n\u00ean s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng OOP?<\/strong><\/span><\/h2>\n<p><strong>G\u1ee3i \u00fd tr\u1ea3 l\u1eddi:<\/strong> OOP vi\u1ebft t\u1eaft c\u1ee7a Object-Oriented Programming. \u0110\u00e2y l\u00e0 m\u1ed9t m\u00f4 h\u00ecnh l\u1eadp tr\u00ecnh d\u1ef1a tr\u00ean kh\u00e1i ni\u1ec7m v\u1ec1 l\u1edbp (Classes) v\u00e0 \u0111\u1ed1i t\u01b0\u1ee3ng (Objects).<\/p>\n<p>M\u1ed9t s\u1ed1 \u01b0u \u0111i\u1ec3m c\u1ee7a OOP m\u00e0 b\u1ea1n n\u00ean \u0111\u1ec1 c\u1eadp \u0111\u1ec3 Nh\u00e0 tuy\u1ec3n d\u1ee5ng th\u1ea5y b\u1ea1n n\u1eafm r\u00f5 v\u1ec1 ki\u1ec3u l\u1eadp tr\u00ecnh n\u00e0y nh\u01b0 th\u1ebf n\u00e0o:<\/p>\n<ul>\n<li aria-level=\"1\">Nhanh v\u00e0 d\u1ec5 th\u1ef1c thi.<\/li>\n<li aria-level=\"1\">Cung c\u1ea5p m\u1ed9t c\u1ea5u tr\u00fac r\u00f5 r\u00e0ng cho c\u00e1c ch\u01b0\u01a1ng tr\u00ecnh.<\/li>\n<li aria-level=\"1\">Gi\u1eef cho c\u00e2u l\u1ec7nh kh\u00f4ng b\u1ecb l\u1eb7p l\u1ea1i v\u00e0 d\u1ec5 b\u1ea3o tr\u00ec, s\u1eeda \u0111\u1ed5i, g\u1ee1 l\u1ed7i.<\/li>\n<li aria-level=\"1\">T\u1ea1o c\u00e1c \u1ee9ng d\u1ee5ng c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 t\u00e1i s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng v\u1edbi \u00edt code h\u01a1n v\u00e0 th\u1eddi gian ph\u00e1t tri\u1ec3n ng\u1eafn h\u01a1n.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p><strong>Xem th\u00eam: <a href=\"https:\/\/jobsgo.vn\/blog\/lap-trinh-huong-doi-tuong\/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">L\u1eadp tr\u00ecnh h\u01b0\u1edbng \u0111\u1ed1i t\u01b0\u1ee3ng<\/a> OOP l\u00e0 g\u00ec? T\u1ed5ng quan v\u1ec1 OOP<\/strong><\/p>\n<h2><span id=\"17_Tai_sao_Constructor_khong_tra_ve_gia_tri_nao\"><strong>17. T\u1ea1i sao Constructor kh\u00f4ng tr\u1ea3 v\u1ec1 gi\u00e1 tr\u1ecb n\u00e0o?<\/strong><\/span><\/h2>\n<p><strong>G\u1ee3i \u00fd tr\u1ea3 l\u1eddi:<\/strong> C\u00e1c Constructors \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng \u0111\u1ec3 kh\u1edfi t\u1ea1o tr\u1ea1ng th\u00e1i c\u1ee7a Object. Gi\u1ed1ng nh\u01b0 c\u00e1c Method, m\u1ed9t Constructor c\u0169ng ch\u1ee9a t\u1eadp h\u1ee3p c\u00e1c c\u00e2u l\u1ec7nh (t\u1ee9c l\u00e0 c\u00e1c l\u1ec7nh) \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c th\u1ef1c thi t\u1ea1i th\u1eddi \u0111i\u1ec3m t\u1ea1o Object n\u00ean n\u00f3 kh\u00f4ng tr\u1ea3 v\u1ec1 gi\u00e1 tr\u1ecb n\u00e0o.<\/p>\n<h2><span id=\"18_Hay_giai_thich_khai_niem_Polymorphism\"><strong>18. H\u00e3y gi\u1ea3i th\u00edch kh\u00e1i ni\u1ec7m Polymorphism?<\/strong><\/span><\/h2>\n<p><strong>G\u1ee3i \u00fd tr\u1ea3 l\u1eddi:<\/strong> Polymorphism (\u0111a h\u00ecnh) l\u00e0 m\u1ed9t kh\u00e1i ni\u1ec7m l\u1eadp tr\u00ecnh h\u01b0\u1edbng \u0111\u1ed1i t\u01b0\u1ee3ng \u0111\u1ec1 c\u1eadp \u0111\u1ebfn kh\u1ea3 n\u0103ng c\u1ee7a m\u1ed9t bi\u1ebfn, h\u00e0m ho\u1eb7c \u0111\u1ed1i t\u01b0\u1ee3ng c\u00f3 nhi\u1ec1u d\u1ea1ng.<\/p>\n<p>Polymorphism th\u1ec3 hi\u1ec7n t\u00ednh \u0111a h\u00ecnh, c\u00e1c \u0111\u1ed1i t\u01b0\u1ee3ng l\u1edbp thu\u1ed9c c\u00f9ng m\u1ed9t c\u00e2y ph\u00e2n c\u1ea5p (k\u1ebf th\u1eeba t\u1eeb m\u1ed9t l\u1edbp cha chung) c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 c\u00f3 c\u00e1c h\u00e0m c\u00f3 c\u00f9ng t\u00ean.<\/p>\n<h2><span id=\"19_Design_Patterns_la_gi_Tai_sao_chung_ta_can_dung_Design_Patterns\"><strong>19. Design Patterns l\u00e0 g\u00ec? T\u1ea1i sao ch\u00fang ta c\u1ea7n d\u00f9ng Design Patterns?<\/strong><\/span><\/h2>\n<p><strong>G\u1ee3i \u00fd tr\u1ea3 l\u1eddi:<\/strong> Design Pattern (m\u1eabu thi\u1ebft k\u1ebf) cung c\u1ea5p m\u1ed9t gi\u1ea3i ph\u00e1p chung c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 t\u00e1i s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng cho c\u00e1c v\u1ea5n \u0111\u1ec1 x\u1ea3y ra trong thi\u1ebft k\u1ebf ph\u1ea7n m\u1ec1m.<\/p>\n<p>C\u00e1c Design Patterns c\u00f3 hai l\u1ee3i \u00edch ch\u00ednh:<\/p>\n<ul>\n<li aria-level=\"1\">T\u1ea1o \u0111i\u1ec1u ki\u1ec7n thu\u1eadn l\u1ee3i cho vi\u1ec7c ph\u00e1t tri\u1ec3n c\u00e1c m\u00f4-\u0111un c\u00f3 t\u00ednh g\u1eafn k\u1ebft cao v\u1edbi kh\u1edbp n\u1ed1i t\u1ed1i thi\u1ec3u.<\/li>\n<li aria-level=\"1\">Gi\u00fap giao ti\u1ebfp gi\u1eefa c\u00e1c nh\u00e0 thi\u1ebft k\u1ebf hi\u1ec7u qu\u1ea3 h\u01a1n.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<h2><span id=\"20_Hay_mo_ta_mo_hinh_MVC_Dua_ra_cach_giai_quyet_van_de_Massive_Controller\"><strong>20. H\u00e3y m\u00f4 t\u1ea3 m\u00f4 h\u00ecnh MVC. \u0110\u01b0a ra c\u00e1ch gi\u1ea3i quy\u1ebft v\u1ea5n \u0111\u1ec1 \u201cMassive Controller\u201d<\/strong><\/span><\/h2>\n<p><strong>G\u1ee3i \u00fd tr\u1ea3 l\u1eddi:<\/strong> M\u00f4 h\u00ecnh MVC l\u00e0 m\u1ed9t Architectural Pattern ph\u00e2n t\u00e1ch m\u1ed9t \u1ee9ng d\u1ee5ng th\u00e0nh ba th\u00e0nh ph\u1ea7n logic ch\u00ednh: model, view, v\u00e0 controller. M\u1ed7i th\u00e0nh ph\u1ea7n n\u00e0y \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c x\u00e2y d\u1ef1ng \u0111\u1ec3 x\u1eed l\u00fd c\u00e1c kh\u00eda c\u1ea1nh ph\u00e1t tri\u1ec3n c\u1ee5 th\u1ec3 c\u1ee7a m\u1ed9t \u1ee9ng d\u1ee5ng.<\/p>\n<p>\u0110\u1ec3 gi\u1ea3i quy\u1ebft v\u1ea5n \u0111\u1ec1 Massive Controller, ch\u00fang ta c\u1ea7n s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng Container View v\u00e0 Child View Controller.<\/p>\n<p><strong>Nh\u1eefng c\u00e2u h\u1ecfi ph\u1ecfng v\u1ea5n Software Engineer<\/strong> tr\u00ean \u0111\u00e2y s\u1ebd gi\u00fap b\u1ea1n chu\u1ea9n b\u1ecb t\u1ed1t cho qu\u00e1 tr\u00ecnh t\u00ecm ki\u1ebfm c\u00f4ng vi\u1ec7c ng\u00e0nh n\u00e0y. N\u1ebfu b\u1ea1n c\u00f3 c\u00e2u h\u1ecfi n\u00e0o kh\u00e1c c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 chia s\u1ebb, h\u00e3y \u0111\u1ec3 l\u1ea1i b\u00ean d\u01b0\u1edbi ph\u1ea7n b\u00ecnh lu\u1eadn nh\u00e9!<\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>4.5\/5 &#8211; (2 votes) V\u00ec nhu c\u1ea7u tuy\u1ec3n d\u1ee5ng cao n\u00ean c\u00f3 r\u1ea5t nhi\u1ec1u bu\u1ed5i ph\u1ecfng v\u1ea5n, g\u1eb7p g\u1ee1 v\u1edbi \u1ee9ng vi\u00ean cho c\u00e1c v\u1ecb tr\u00ed Software Engineers \u1edf Vi\u1ec7t Nam. Trong khu\u00f4n kh\u1ed5 b\u00e0i vi\u1ebft n\u00e0y, JobsGO s\u1ebd chia&#8230;<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":43,"featured_media":55589,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"closed","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"_yoast_wpseo_focuskw":"nh\u1eefng c\u00e2u h\u1ecfi ph\u1ecfng v\u1ea5n software engineer","_yoast_wpseo_title":"20 c\u00e2u h\u1ecfi ph\u1ecfng v\u1ea5n Software Engineer c\u00f4ng ty c\u00f4ng ngh\u1ec7 th\u01b0\u1eddng g\u1eb7p %%sep%% %%sitename%%","_yoast_wpseo_metadesc":"T\u1ed5ng h\u1ee3p nh\u1eefng c\u00e2u h\u1ecfi ph\u1ecfng v\u1ea5n Software Engineer t\u1ea1i c\u00e1c c\u00f4ng ty c\u00f4ng ngh\u1ec7 ph\u1ed5 bi\u1ebfn nh\u1ea5t k\u00e8m g\u1ee3i \u00fd tr\u1ea3 l\u1eddi d\u00e0nh cho \u1ee9ng vi\u00ean.","_yoast_wpseo_focus_keyphrase":"","faq":"","nganh_nghe_chuc_vu_lien_quan":["Software Tester"]},"categories":[7,1059,3028],"tags":[],"yoast_head":"\n<title>20 c\u00e2u h\u1ecfi ph\u1ecfng v\u1ea5n Software Engineer c\u00f4ng ty c\u00f4ng ngh\u1ec7 th\u01b0\u1eddng g\u1eb7p - 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