2.5. C\u00e1c C\u00f4ng Vi\u1ec7c Kh\u00e1c<\/strong><\/span><\/h3>\nNgo\u00e0i c\u00e1c nhi\u1ec7m v\u1ee5 ch\u00ednh, k\u1ef9 s\u01b0 t\u1ef1 \u0111\u1ed9ng h\u00f3a c\u00f2n tham gia c\u00e1c ho\u1ea1t \u0111\u1ed9ng nh\u01b0 hu\u1ea5n luy\u1ec7n nh\u00e2n vi\u00ean v\u1eadn h\u00e0nh, t\u01b0 v\u1ea5n k\u1ef9 thu\u1eadt, nghi\u00ean c\u1ee9u ph\u00e1t tri\u1ec3n c\u00e1c gi\u1ea3i ph\u00e1p m\u1edbi, h\u1ed7 tr\u1ee3 c\u1ea3i ti\u1ebfn quy tr\u00ecnh s\u1ea3n xu\u1ea5t. H\u1ecd lu\u00f4n c\u1eadp nh\u1eadt c\u00e1c c\u00f4ng ngh\u1ec7 m\u1edbi, tham d\u1ef1 c\u00e1c kh\u00f3a \u0111\u00e0o t\u1ea1o chuy\u00ean s\u00e2u v\u00e0 \u0111\u00f3ng g\u00f3p v\u00e0o vi\u1ec7c n\u00e2ng cao n\u0103ng l\u1ef1c c\u00f4ng ngh\u1ec7 c\u1ee7a t\u1ed5 ch\u1ee9c.<\/p>\n
M\u00f4 t\u1ea3 c\u00f4ng vi\u1ec7c c\u1ee7a k\u1ef9 s\u01b0 t\u1ef1 \u0111\u1ed9ng h\u00f3a<\/em><\/center><\/center><\/figcaption><\/figure>\n3. T\u1ed1 Ch\u1ea5t, K\u1ef9 N\u0103ng C\u1ea7n C\u00f3 C\u1ee7a K\u1ef9 S\u01b0 T\u1ef1 \u0110\u1ed9ng H\u00f3a<\/strong><\/span><\/h2>\n\u0110\u1ec3 tr\u1edf th\u00e0nh m\u1ed9t k\u1ef9 s\u01b0 t\u1ef1 \u0111\u1ed9ng h\u00f3a th\u00e0nh c\u00f4ng, ngo\u00e0i ki\u1ebfn th\u1ee9c chuy\u00ean m\u00f4n, c\u00e1c k\u1ef9 n\u0103ng m\u1ec1m v\u00e0 suy ngh\u0129 ph\u1ea3n bi\u1ec7n \u0111\u00f3ng vai tr\u00f2 quan tr\u1ecdng n\u00ean h\u1ecd c\u1ea7n trang b\u1ecb cho m\u00ecnh nh\u1eefng k\u1ef9 n\u0103ng sau:<\/p>\n
3.1. Ki\u1ebfn Th\u1ee9c Chuy\u00ean M\u00f4n<\/strong><\/span><\/h3>\nM\u1ed9t n\u1ec1n t\u1ea3ng h\u1ecdc v\u1ea5n v\u1eefng ch\u1eafc l\u00e0 ti\u1ec1n \u0111\u1ec1 c\u1ee7a s\u1ef1 nghi\u1ec7p k\u1ef9 s\u01b0 t\u1ef1 \u0111\u1ed9ng h\u00f3a. C\u00e1c ng\u00e0nh h\u1ecdc li\u00ean quan nh\u01b0 C\u00f4ng ngh\u1ec7 K\u1ef9 thu\u1eadt \u0110i\u1ec1u khi\u1ec3n v\u00e0 T\u1ef1 \u0111\u1ed9ng h\u00f3a, \u0110i\u1ec7n t\u1eed, C\u01a1 kh\u00ed hay Tin h\u1ecdc k\u1ef9 thu\u1eadt s\u1ebd trang b\u1ecb cho h\u1ecdc vi\u00ean nh\u1eefng ki\u1ebfn th\u1ee9c c\u01a1 b\u1ea3n v\u1ec1 \u0111i\u1ec7n, \u0111i\u1ec7n t\u1eed, l\u1eadp tr\u00ecnh, c\u01a1 h\u1ecdc. B\u00ean c\u1ea1nh \u0111\u00f3, c\u00e1c ch\u1ee9ng ch\u1ec9 chuy\u00ean m\u00f4n nh\u01b0 ch\u1ee9ng ch\u1ec9 PLC, ch\u1ee9ng ch\u1ec9 IoT hay c\u00e1c kh\u00f3a h\u1ecdc li\u00ean quan \u0111\u1ebfn h\u1ec7 th\u1ed1ng SCADA \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c \u0111\u00e1nh gi\u00e1 cao.<\/p>\n
V\u00ed d\u1ee5, m\u1ed9t k\u1ef9 s\u01b0 t\u1ef1 \u0111\u1ed9ng h\u00f3a c\u00f3 ch\u1ee9ng ch\u1ec9 chuy\u00ean nghi\u1ec7p c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 nhanh ch\u00f3ng ti\u1ebfp c\u1eadn v\u00e0 gi\u1ea3i quy\u1ebft c\u00e1c t\u00ecnh hu\u1ed1ng k\u1ef9 thu\u1eadt ph\u1ee9c t\u1ea1p, t\u1eeb qu\u1ea3n l\u00fd h\u1ec7 th\u1ed1ng \u0111i\u1ec1u khi\u1ec3n \u0111\u1ebfn thi\u1ebft k\u1ebf c\u00e1c m\u00f4 h\u00ecnh t\u1ef1 \u0111\u1ed9ng h\u00f3a ti\u00ean ti\u1ebfn. S\u1ef1 \u0111\u1ea7u t\u01b0 v\u00e0o \u0111\u00e0o t\u1ea1o chuy\u00ean s\u00e2u n\u00e0y ch\u00ednh l\u00e0 y\u1ebfu t\u1ed1 t\u1ea1o n\u00ean gi\u00e1 tr\u1ecb gia t\u0103ng trong m\u1eaft nh\u00e0 tuy\u1ec3n d\u1ee5ng.<\/p>\n
3.2. \u0110am M\u00ea Ng\u00e0nh T\u1ef1 \u0110\u1ed9ng H\u00f3a<\/strong><\/span><\/h3>\n\u0110am m\u00ea l\u00e0 \u0111\u1ed9ng l\u1ef1c then ch\u1ed1t gi\u00fap k\u1ef9 s\u01b0 t\u1ef1 \u0111\u1ed9ng h\u00f3a v\u01b0\u1ee3t qua nh\u1eefng th\u00e1ch th\u1ee9c k\u1ef9 thu\u1eadt ph\u1ee9c t\u1ea1p. M\u1ed9t chuy\u00ean vi\u00ean th\u1ef1c s\u1ef1 say m\u00ea s\u1ebd lu\u00f4n t\u00ecm t\u00f2i, h\u1ecdc h\u1ecfi c\u00e1c c\u00f4ng ngh\u1ec7 m\u1edbi, theo d\u00f5i nh\u1eefng xu h\u01b0\u1edbng ti\u00ean ti\u1ebfn trong l\u0129nh v\u1ef1c t\u1ef1 \u0111\u1ed9ng h\u00f3a. H\u1ecd kh\u00f4ng ch\u1ec9 xem vi\u1ec7c nghi\u00ean c\u1ee9u v\u00e0 c\u1ea3i ti\u1ebfn l\u00e0 ngh\u0129a v\u1ee5 m\u00e0 c\u00f2n l\u00e0 ni\u1ec1m vui, s\u1eb5n s\u00e0ng \u0111\u1ea7u t\u01b0 th\u1eddi gian, n\u0103ng l\u1ef1c \u0111\u1ec3 kh\u00e1m ph\u00e1 nh\u1eefng gi\u1ea3i ph\u00e1p s\u00e1ng t\u1ea1o cho c\u00e1c v\u1ea5n \u0111\u1ec1 k\u1ef9 thu\u1eadt.<\/p>\n
3.3. T\u01b0 Duy Logic<\/strong><\/span><\/h3>\nT\u01b0 duy logic l\u00e0 n\u0103ng l\u1ef1c v\u00f4 c\u00f9ng quan tr\u1ecdng trong vi\u1ec7c gi\u1ea3i quy\u1ebft c\u00e1c v\u1ea5n \u0111\u1ec1 k\u1ef9 thu\u1eadt c\u1ee7a ng\u00e0nh t\u1ef1 \u0111\u1ed9ng h\u00f3a. K\u1ef9 s\u01b0 c\u1ea7n c\u00f3 kh\u1ea3 n\u0103ng ph\u00e2n t\u00edch h\u1ec7 th\u1ed1ng m\u1ed9t c\u00e1ch logic, c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 nh\u1eadn di\u1ec7n nguy\u00ean nh\u00e2n g\u1ed1c r\u1ec5 c\u1ee7a s\u1ef1 c\u1ed1, x\u00e2y d\u1ef1ng c\u00e1c gi\u1ea3i ph\u00e1p mang t\u00ednh h\u1ec7 th\u1ed1ng. Kh\u1ea3 n\u0103ng suy lu\u1eadn logic gi\u00fap h\u1ecd thi\u1ebft k\u1ebf c\u00e1c thu\u1eadt to\u00e1n \u0111i\u1ec1u khi\u1ec3n ch\u00ednh x\u00e1c, d\u1ef1 \u0111o\u00e1n c\u00e1c t\u00ecnh hu\u1ed1ng c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 x\u1ea3y ra v\u00e0 c\u00f3 ph\u01b0\u01a1ng \u00e1n x\u1eed l\u00fd ph\u00f9 h\u1ee3p.<\/p>\n
T\u1ed1 ch\u1ea5t, k\u1ef9 n\u0103ng c\u1ea7n c\u00f3 c\u1ee7a k\u1ef9 s\u01b0 t\u1ef1 \u0111\u1ed9ng h\u00f3a<\/em><\/center><\/center><\/figcaption><\/figure>\n3.4. Ch\u1ee7 \u0110\u1ed9ng<\/strong><\/span><\/h3>\nT\u00ednh ch\u1ee7 \u0111\u1ed9ng l\u00e0 y\u1ebfu t\u1ed1 quy\u1ebft \u0111\u1ecbnh th\u00e0nh c\u00f4ng c\u1ee7a m\u1ed9t k\u1ef9 s\u01b0 t\u1ef1 \u0111\u1ed9ng h\u00f3a. Trong m\u00f4i tr\u01b0\u1eddng c\u00f4ng nghi\u1ec7p n\u0103ng \u0111\u1ed9ng, vi\u1ec7c ch\u1edd \u0111\u1ee3i h\u01b0\u1edbng d\u1eabn s\u1ebd d\u1eabn \u0111\u1ebfn s\u1ef1 ch\u1eadm tr\u1ec5, gi\u1ea3m hi\u1ec7u qu\u1ea3 c\u00f4ng vi\u1ec7c. M\u1ed9t k\u1ef9 s\u01b0 ch\u1ee7 \u0111\u1ed9ng s\u1ebd t\u1ef1 nghi\u00ean c\u1ee9u, \u0111\u1ec1 xu\u1ea5t c\u00e1c gi\u1ea3i ph\u00e1p c\u1ea3i ti\u1ebfn, ch\u1ee7 \u0111\u1ed9ng n\u00e2ng cao n\u0103ng l\u1ef1c chuy\u00ean m\u00f4n v\u00e0 lu\u00f4n s\u1eb5n s\u00e0ng \u0111\u1ed1i m\u1eb7t v\u1edbi nh\u1eefng th\u00e1ch th\u1ee9c k\u1ef9 thu\u1eadt m\u1edbi.<\/p>\n
3.5. S\u00e1ng T\u1ea1o<\/strong><\/span><\/h3>\nS\u1ef1 s\u00e1ng t\u1ea1o trong t\u1ef1 \u0111\u1ed9ng h\u00f3a kh\u00f4ng ch\u1ec9 l\u00e0 kh\u1ea3 n\u0103ng thi\u1ebft k\u1ebf h\u1ec7 th\u1ed1ng m\u1edbi m\u00e0 c\u00f2n l\u00e0 vi\u1ec7c t\u00ecm ra nh\u1eefng gi\u1ea3i ph\u00e1p \u0111\u1ed9c \u0111\u00e1o \u0111\u1ec3 gi\u1ea3i quy\u1ebft c\u00e1c v\u1ea5n \u0111\u1ec1 k\u1ef9 thu\u1eadt. M\u1ed9t k\u1ef9 s\u01b0 s\u00e1ng t\u1ea1o c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 bi\u1ebfn nh\u1eefng \u00fd t\u01b0\u1edfng \u0111\u01a1n gi\u1ea3n th\u00e0nh nh\u1eefng gi\u1ea3i ph\u00e1p c\u00f4ng ngh\u1ec7 hi\u1ec7u qu\u1ea3, t\u1ed1i \u01b0u h\u00f3a quy tr\u00ecnh s\u1ea3n xu\u1ea5t v\u00e0 n\u00e2ng cao n\u0103ng su\u1ea5t h\u1ec7 th\u1ed1ng b\u1eb1ng nh\u1eefng ph\u01b0\u01a1ng \u00e1n \u0111\u1ed9t ph\u00e1.<\/p>\n
3.6. Ki\u00ean Nh\u1eabn<\/strong><\/span><\/h3>\nKi\u00ean nh\u1eabn l\u00e0 ph\u1ea9m ch\u1ea5t v\u00f4 c\u00f9ng quan tr\u1ecdng trong c\u00f4ng vi\u1ec7c c\u1ee7a k\u1ef9 s\u01b0 t\u1ef1 \u0111\u1ed9ng h\u00f3a. Vi\u1ec7c \u0111i\u1ec1u ch\u1ec9nh, tinh ch\u1ec9nh c\u00e1c h\u1ec7 th\u1ed1ng \u0111i\u1ec1u khi\u1ec3n th\u01b0\u1eddng y\u00eau c\u1ea7u nhi\u1ec1u l\u1ea7n th\u1eed nghi\u1ec7m v\u00e0 tinh ch\u1ec9nh. M\u1ed9t k\u1ef9 s\u01b0 ki\u00ean nh\u1eabn s\u1ebd kh\u00f4ng n\u1ea3n l\u00f2ng tr\u01b0\u1edbc nh\u1eefng th\u1ea5t b\u1ea1i ban \u0111\u1ea7u, lu\u00f4n ki\u00ean tr\u00ec ph\u00e2n t\u00edch, hi\u1ec7u ch\u1ec9nh cho \u0111\u1ebfn khi h\u1ec7 th\u1ed1ng \u0111\u1ea1t \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c hi\u1ec7u qu\u1ea3 mong mu\u1ed1n.<\/p>\n
4. M\u1ee9c L\u01b0\u01a1ng K\u1ef9 S\u01b0 T\u1ef1 \u0110\u1ed9ng H\u00f3a<\/strong><\/span><\/h2>\nNg\u00e0nh t\u1ef1 \u0111\u1ed9ng h\u00f3a l\u00e0 m\u1ed9t trong nh\u1eefng l\u0129nh v\u1ef1c k\u1ef9 thu\u1eadt c\u00f3 m\u1ee9c l\u01b0\u01a1ng h\u1ea5p d\u1eabn do s\u1ef1 ph\u00e1t tri\u1ec3n nhanh ch\u00f3ng c\u1ee7a c\u00f4ng ngh\u1ec7 v\u00e0 nhu c\u1ea7u chuy\u00ean m\u00f4n cao. M\u1ee9c thu nh\u1eadp c\u1ee7a k\u1ef9 s\u01b0 t\u1ef1 \u0111\u1ed9ng h\u00f3a ph\u1ee5 thu\u1ed9c v\u00e0o nhi\u1ec1u y\u1ebfu t\u1ed1 nh\u01b0 kinh nghi\u1ec7m, tr\u00ecnh \u0111\u1ed9, v\u1ecb tr\u00ed c\u00f4ng t\u00e1c, ng\u00e0nh c\u00f4ng nghi\u1ec7p.<\/p>\n
\n\n\nC\u1ea5p \u0111\u1ed9 ngh\u1ec1 nghi\u1ec7p<\/strong><\/td>\nM\u1ee9c l\u01b0\u01a1ng<\/strong><\/td>\n<\/tr>\n\nM\u1edbi t\u1ed1t nghi\u1ec7p<\/td>\n | 12 – 15 tri\u1ec7u \u0111\u1ed3ng\/th\u00e1ng.<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n | \nNh\u00e2n vi\u00ean (1-3 n\u0103m)<\/td>\n | 18 – 25 tri\u1ec7u \u0111\u1ed3ng\/th\u00e1ng.<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n | \nChuy\u00ean vi\u00ean (3-5 n\u0103m)<\/td>\n | 25 – 35 tri\u1ec7u \u0111\u1ed3ng\/th\u00e1ng.<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n | \nQu\u1ea3n l\u00fd (5-10 n\u0103m)<\/td>\n | 45 – 60 tri\u1ec7u \u0111\u1ed3ng\/th\u00e1ng.<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n | \nChuy\u00ean gia (>10 n\u0103m)<\/td>\n | 60 – 80 tri\u1ec7u \u0111\u1ed3ng\/th\u00e1ng.<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<\/tbody>\n<\/table>\n5. C\u01a1 H\u1ed9i Ngh\u1ec1 Nghi\u1ec7p C\u1ee7a K\u1ef9 S\u01b0 T\u1ef1 \u0110\u1ed9ng H\u00f3a<\/strong><\/span><\/h2>\nK\u1ef9 s\u01b0 t\u1ef1 \u0111\u1ed9ng h\u00f3a \u0111ang tr\u1ea3i qua giai \u0111o\u1ea1n ph\u00e1t tri\u1ec3n v\u00f4 c\u00f9ng n\u0103ng \u0111\u1ed9ng v\u1edbi nh\u1eefng c\u01a1 h\u1ed9i ngh\u1ec1 nghi\u1ec7p r\u1ed9ng m\u1edf tr\u00ean nhi\u1ec1u l\u0129nh v\u1ef1c kh\u00e1c nhau. Trong ng\u00e0nh s\u1ea3n xu\u1ea5t c\u00f4ng nghi\u1ec7p, c\u00e1c chuy\u00ean vi\u00ean n\u00e0y \u0111\u00f3ng vai tr\u00f2 then ch\u1ed1t t\u1ea1i c\u00e1c nh\u00e0 m\u00e1y \u0111i\u1ec7n t\u1eed, \u00f4 t\u00f4, ch\u1ebf bi\u1ebfn th\u1ef1c ph\u1ea9m, n\u01a1i h\u1ecd thi\u1ebft k\u1ebf v\u00e0 qu\u1ea3n l\u00fd c\u00e1c h\u1ec7 th\u1ed1ng s\u1ea3n xu\u1ea5t t\u1ef1 \u0111\u1ed9ng hi\u1ec7n \u0111\u1ea1i. L\u0129nh v\u1ef1c n\u0103ng l\u01b0\u1ee3ng c\u0169ng l\u00e0 m\u00f4i tr\u01b0\u1eddng ti\u1ec1m n\u0103ng, v\u1edbi nhu c\u1ea7u cao v\u1ec1 c\u00e1c chuy\u00ean gia c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 qu\u1ea3n l\u00fd h\u1ec7 th\u1ed1ng \u0111i\u1ec1u khi\u1ec3n t\u1ea1i nh\u00e0 m\u00e1y \u0111i\u1ec7n, ph\u00e1t tri\u1ec3n gi\u1ea3i ph\u00e1p cho n\u0103ng l\u01b0\u1ee3ng t\u00e1i t\u1ea1o, thi\u1ebft k\u1ebf c\u00e1c h\u1ec7 th\u1ed1ng l\u01b0\u1edbi \u0111i\u1ec7n th\u00f4ng minh.<\/p>\n B\u00ean c\u1ea1nh \u0111\u00f3, c\u00e1ch m\u1ea1ng c\u00f4ng nghi\u1ec7p 4.0 \u0111ang m\u1edf ra nh\u1eefng kh\u00f4ng gian ngh\u1ec1 nghi\u1ec7p ho\u00e0n to\u00e0n m\u1edbi cho k\u1ef9 s\u01b0 t\u1ef1 \u0111\u1ed9ng h\u00f3a. C\u00e1c l\u0129nh v\u1ef1c nh\u01b0 robotics, Internet of Things (IoT), tr\u00ed tu\u1ec7 nh\u00e2n t\u1ea1o \u0111ang kh\u00e1t ngu\u1ed3n nh\u00e2n l\u1ef1c ch\u1ea5t l\u01b0\u1ee3ng cao. C\u00e1c chuy\u00ean vi\u00ean c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 ph\u00e1t tri\u1ec3n s\u1ef1 nghi\u1ec7p theo nhi\u1ec1u h\u01b0\u1edbng: t\u1eeb nghi\u00ean c\u1ee9u, ph\u00e1t tri\u1ec3n t\u1ea1i c\u00e1c vi\u1ec7n nghi\u00ean c\u1ee9u, tr\u1edf th\u00e0nh chuy\u00ean gia t\u01b0 v\u1ea5n k\u1ef9 thu\u1eadt, qu\u1ea3n l\u00fd b\u1ed9 ph\u1eadn k\u1ef9 thu\u1eadt, cho \u0111\u1ebfn vi\u1ec7c kh\u1edfi nghi\u1ec7p v\u1edbi c\u00e1c gi\u1ea3i ph\u00e1p c\u00f4ng ngh\u1ec7 s\u00e1ng t\u1ea1o.<\/p>\n | | |