T\u01b0 duy<\/a> m\u1edf hay c\u00f2n g\u1ecdi l\u00e0 t\u01b0 duy linh ho\u1ea1t, l\u00e0 kh\u1ea3 n\u0103ng \u0111\u00f3n nh\u1eadn, xem x\u00e9t v\u00e0 ch\u1ea5p nh\u1eadn c\u00e1c quan \u0111i\u1ec3m, \u00fd t\u01b0\u1edfng m\u1edbi m\u1ed9t c\u00e1ch c\u1edfi m\u1edf, kh\u00f4ng b\u1ecb r\u00e0ng bu\u1ed9c b\u1edfi c\u00e1c \u0111\u1ecbnh ki\u1ebfn hay suy ngh\u0129 c\u1ed1 h\u1eefu. \u0110\u00e2y l\u00e0 m\u1ed9t trong nh\u1eefng k\u1ef9 n\u0103ng quan tr\u1ecdng nh\u1ea5t c\u1ee7a th\u1ebf k\u1ef7 21, gi\u00fap con ng\u01b0\u1eddi th\u00edch \u1ee9ng v\u1edbi s\u1ef1 bi\u1ebfn \u0111\u1ed9ng kh\u00f4ng ng\u1eebng c\u1ee7a th\u1ebf gi\u1edbi.<\/span><\/p>\nM\u1ed9t v\u00ed d\u1ee5 \u0111i\u1ec3n h\u00ecnh v\u1ec1 t\u01b0 duy m\u1edf l\u00e0 c\u00e1c nh\u00e0 khoa h\u1ecdc. Trong l\u1ecbch s\u1eed, nhi\u1ec1u l\u00fd thuy\u1ebft c\u0169 \u0111\u00e3 b\u1ecb ph\u00e1 v\u1ee1 \u0111\u1ec3 nh\u01b0\u1eddng ch\u1ed7 cho nh\u1eefng quan ni\u1ec7m m\u1edbi. V\u00ed d\u1ee5, Thuy\u1ebft \u0111\u1ecba t\u00e2m c\u1ee7a Ptolemy cho r\u1eb1ng tr\u00e1i \u0111\u1ea5t l\u00e0 trung t\u00e2m v\u0169 tr\u1ee5, \u0111\u00e3 th\u1ed1ng tr\u1ecb trong nhi\u1ec1u th\u1ebf k\u1ef7 cho \u0111\u1ebfn khi Galileo v\u00e0 Copernicus \u0111\u01b0a ra l\u00fd thuy\u1ebft m\u1edbi l\u00e0 Thuy\u1ebft nh\u1eadt t\u00e2m cho r\u1eb1ng m\u1eb7t tr\u1eddi m\u1edbi l\u00e0 trung t\u00e2m c\u1ee7a v\u0169 tr\u1ee5, \u0111\u00e1nh d\u1ea5u m\u1ed9t cu\u1ed9c c\u00e1ch m\u1ea1ng trong t\u01b0 duy khoa h\u1ecdc. \u0110\u00e2y l\u00e0 minh ch\u1ee9ng cho t\u1ea7m quan tr\u1ecdng c\u1ee7a t\u01b0 duy m\u1edf.\u00a0<\/span><\/p>\n
T\u01b0 duy m\u1edf l\u00e0 g\u00ec?<\/em><\/figcaption><\/figure>\nTrong th\u1ebf gi\u1edbi hi\u1ec7n \u0111\u1ea1i, t\u01b0 duy m\u1edf l\u00e0 m\u1ed9t t\u1ed1 ch\u1ea5t c\u1ea7n thi\u1ebft \u0111\u1ec3 th\u00edch nghi v\u00e0 ph\u00e1t tri\u1ec3n. C\u00e1c doanh nghi\u1ec7p, t\u1ed5 ch\u1ee9c c\u00f3 v\u0103n h\u00f3a m\u1edf th\u01b0\u1eddng ph\u00e1t tri\u1ec3n nhanh h\u01a1n v\u00e0 s\u00e1ng t\u1ea1o h\u01a1n so v\u1edbi nh\u1eefng n\u01a1i c\u1ed1 h\u1eefu, \u00ec tr\u1ec7 v\u1ec1 t\u01b0 duy. T\u01b0 duy m\u1edf gi\u00fap ch\u00fang ta m\u1edf r\u1ed9ng t\u1ea7m nh\u00ecn, ti\u1ebfp thu ki\u1ebfn th\u1ee9c m\u1edbi, s\u00e1ng t\u1ea1o \u0111\u1ed9t ph\u00e1 v\u00e0 gi\u1ea3i quy\u1ebft v\u1ea5n \u0111\u1ec1 hi\u1ec7u qu\u1ea3, qua \u0111\u00f3 \u0111\u1ea1t \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c th\u00e0nh c\u00f4ng trong s\u1ef1 nghi\u1ec7p v\u00e0 h\u1ea1nh ph\u00fac trong cu\u1ed9c s\u1ed1ng.<\/span><\/p>\n2. T\u01b0 Duy M\u1edf Mang L\u1ea1i L\u1ee3i \u00cdch G\u00ec?<\/b><\/span><\/h2>\nT\u01b0 duy m\u1edf mang l\u1ea1i nhi\u1ec1u l\u1ee3i \u00edch to l\u1edbn cho con ng\u01b0\u1eddi trong c\u1ea3 cu\u1ed9c s\u1ed1ng c\u00e1 nh\u00e2n v\u00e0 c\u00f4ng vi\u1ec7c. D\u01b0\u1edbi \u0111\u00e2y l\u00e0 m\u1ed9t s\u1ed1 l\u1ee3i \u00edch ti\u00eau bi\u1ec3u:<\/span><\/p>\n2.1 H\u1ecdc T\u1eadp V\u00e0 Ti\u1ebfp Thu Ki\u1ebfn Th\u1ee9c Hi\u1ec7u Qu\u1ea3 H\u01a1n\u00a0<\/b><\/span><\/h3>\nNh\u1eefng ng\u01b0\u1eddi c\u00f3 t\u01b0 duy m\u1edf s\u1ebd d\u1ec5 d\u00e0ng ti\u1ebfp nh\u1eadn v\u00e0 h\u1ecdc h\u1ecfi \u0111i\u1ec1u m\u1edbi. H\u1ecd kh\u00f4ng b\u1ecb r\u00e0ng bu\u1ed9c b\u1edfi c\u00e1c \u0111\u1ecbnh ki\u1ebfn hay ni\u1ec1m tin c\u0169, do \u0111\u00f3 c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 ti\u1ebfp thu ki\u1ebfn th\u1ee9c m\u1ed9t c\u00e1ch to\u00e0n di\u1ec7n v\u00e0 kh\u00e1ch quan. Theo m\u1ed9t nghi\u00ean c\u1ee9u c\u1ee7a \u0110\u1ea1i h\u1ecdc Harvard, nh\u1eefng sinh vi\u00ean c\u00f3 t\u01b0 duy m\u1edf th\u01b0\u1eddng \u0111\u1ea1t \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c \u0111i\u1ec3m s\u1ed1 cao h\u01a1n v\u00e0 c\u00f3 kh\u1ea3 n\u0103ng ghi nh\u1edb t\u1ed1t h\u01a1n so v\u1edbi nh\u1eefng sinh vi\u00ean c\u00f3 t\u01b0 duy \u0111\u00f3ng.<\/span><\/p>\n2.2 T\u01b0 Duy S\u00e2u S\u1eafc H\u01a1n\u00a0<\/b><\/span><\/h3>\nT\u01b0 duy m\u1edf khuy\u1ebfn kh\u00edch ch\u00fang ta xem x\u00e9t v\u1ea5n \u0111\u1ec1 t\u1eeb nhi\u1ec1u g\u00f3c \u0111\u1ed9 kh\u00e1c nhau, gi\u00fap \u0111\u1ea1t \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c c\u00e1i nh\u00ecn to\u00e0n di\u1ec7n v\u00e0 s\u00e2u s\u1eafc h\u01a1n. \u0110i\u1ec1u n\u00e0y r\u1ea5t quan tr\u1ecdng trong vi\u1ec7c ra quy\u1ebft \u0111\u1ecbnh \u0111\u00fang \u0111\u1eafn v\u00e0 gi\u1ea3i quy\u1ebft v\u1ea5n \u0111\u1ec1 m\u1ed9t c\u00e1ch hi\u1ec7u qu\u1ea3.<\/span><\/p>\n2.3 N\u00e2ng Cao Kh\u1ea3 N\u0103ng Gi\u1ea3i Quy\u1ebft V\u1ea5n \u0110\u1ec1\u00a0<\/b><\/span><\/h3>\nNh\u1eefng ng\u01b0\u1eddi c\u00f3 t\u01b0 duy m\u1edf th\u01b0\u1eddng linh ho\u1ea1t v\u00e0 s\u00e1ng t\u1ea1o h\u01a1n trong vi\u1ec7c gi\u1ea3i quy\u1ebft v\u1ea5n \u0111\u1ec1. H\u1ecd s\u1eb5n s\u00e0ng xem x\u00e9t nhi\u1ec1u gi\u1ea3i ph\u00e1p kh\u00e1c nhau thay v\u00ec b\u00e1m v\u00edu v\u00e0o m\u1ed9t gi\u1ea3i ph\u00e1p duy nh\u1ea5t. Theo nghi\u00ean c\u1ee9u c\u1ee7a IBM, nh\u1eefng nh\u00f3m l\u00e0m vi\u1ec7c \u0111a d\u1ea1ng v\u00e0 c\u00f3 t\u01b0 duy m\u1edf th\u01b0\u1eddng c\u00f3 n\u0103ng su\u1ea5t cao h\u01a1n 60% so v\u1edbi c\u00e1c nh\u00f3m l\u00e0m vi\u1ec7c \u0111\u01a1n \u0111i\u1ec7u.<\/span><\/p>\n2.4 Th\u00edch Nghi Nhanh Ch\u00f3ng V\u1edbi M\u00f4i Tr\u01b0\u1eddng M\u1edbi\u00a0<\/b><\/span><\/h3>\nTh\u1ebf gi\u1edbi \u0111ang bi\u1ebfn \u0111\u1ed5i kh\u00f4ng ng\u1eebng v\u1edbi t\u1ed1c \u0111\u1ed9 ch\u00f3ng m\u1eb7t. C\u00e1c xu h\u01b0\u1edbng m\u1edbi xu\u1ea5t hi\u1ec7n li\u00ean t\u1ee5c, \u0111\u00f2i h\u1ecfi con ng\u01b0\u1eddi ph\u1ea3i nhanh ch\u00f3ng th\u00edch nghi. Kh\u1ea3 n\u0103ng th\u00edch nghi \u0111\u00f3ng vai tr\u00f2 then ch\u1ed1t v\u00e0o s\u1ef1 th\u00e0nh c\u00f4ng v\u00e0 ph\u00e1t tri\u1ec3n trong m\u1ecdi l\u0129nh v\u1ef1c c\u1ee7a \u0111\u1eddi s\u1ed1ng.\u00a0<\/span><\/p>\nM\u1ed9t v\u00ed d\u1ee5 \u0111i\u1ec3n h\u00ecnh l\u00e0 s\u1ef1 tr\u1ed7i d\u1eady c\u1ee7a m\u00f4 h\u00ecnh kinh doanh tr\u1ef1c tuy\u1ebfn nh\u01b0 Uber, Grab, Amazon \u0111\u00e3 l\u00e0m thay \u0111\u1ed5i ho\u00e0n to\u00e0n ng\u00e0nh v\u1eadn t\u1ea3i, b\u00e1n l\u1ebb truy\u1ec1n th\u1ed1ng. V\u1edbi s\u1ef1 ph\u00e1t tri\u1ec3n c\u1ee7a xu th\u1ebf to\u00e0n c\u1ea7u h\u00f3a, c\u1ee7a th\u1eddi \u0111\u1ea1i 4.0, 5.0,nh\u1eefng doanh nghi\u1ec7p nhanh nh\u1ea1y \u0111\u00e3 k\u1ecbp th\u00edch nghi b\u1eb1ng c\u00e1ch chuy\u1ec3n h\u01b0\u1edbng kinh doanh sang k\u00eanh tr\u1ef1c tuy\u1ebfn. Trong khi \u0111\u00f3, c\u00e1c \u0111\u01a1n v\u1ecb c\u1ed1 b\u00e1m v\u00edu v\u00e0o m\u00f4 h\u00ecnh c\u0169 \u0111\u00e3 ph\u1ea3i ch\u1ecbu thua thi\u1ec7t n\u1eb7ng n\u1ec1.<\/span><\/p>\n2.5 T\u0103ng C\u01b0\u1eddng Kh\u1ea3 N\u0103ng S\u00e1ng T\u1ea1o V\u00e0 \u0110\u1ed5i M\u1edbi\u00a0<\/b><\/span><\/h3>\n
T\u01b0 duy m\u1edf gi\u00fap t\u0103ng c\u01b0\u1eddng kh\u1ea3 n\u0103ng s\u00e1ng t\u1ea1o<\/em><\/figcaption><\/figure>\nS\u1ef1 s\u00e1ng t\u1ea1o v\u00e0 \u0111\u1ed5i m\u1edbi lu\u00f4n \u0111\u00f2i h\u1ecfi m\u1ed9t t\u01b0 duy m\u1edf r\u1ed9ng, kh\u00f4ng b\u1ecb h\u1ea1n ch\u1ebf b\u1edfi c\u00e1c \u0111\u1ecbnh ki\u1ebfn hay khu\u00f4n kh\u1ed5 c\u0169. Nh\u1eefng ng\u01b0\u1eddi c\u00f3 t\u01b0 duy m\u1edf th\u01b0\u1eddng d\u1ec5 d\u00e0ng \u0111\u00f3n nh\u1eadn v\u00e0 k\u1ebft h\u1ee3p c\u00e1c \u00fd t\u01b0\u1edfng m\u1edbi, t\u1ea1o ra nh\u1eefng gi\u1ea3i ph\u00e1p s\u00e1ng t\u1ea1o v\u00e0 \u0111\u1ed9t ph\u00e1 h\u01a1n.<\/span><\/p>\n2.6 Gi\u1eef T\u00ecnh Th\u1ea7n Lu\u00f4n L\u1ea1c Quan\u00a0<\/b><\/span><\/h3>\nT\u01b0 duy m\u1edf gi\u00fap ch\u00fang ta nh\u00ecn nh\u1eadn cu\u1ed9c s\u1ed1ng theo m\u1ed9t g\u00f3c nh\u00ecn t\u00edch c\u1ef1c v\u00e0 l\u1ea1c quan. Khi ch\u1ea5p nh\u1eadn nh\u1eefng quan \u0111i\u1ec3m m\u1edbi v\u00e0 kh\u00f4ng b\u1ecb r\u00e0ng bu\u1ed9c b\u1edfi c\u00e1c \u0111\u1ecbnh ki\u1ebfn, ch\u00fang ta s\u1ebd d\u1ec5 d\u00e0ng t\u00ecm th\u1ea5y c\u01a1 h\u1ed9i v\u00e0 gi\u1ea3i ph\u00e1p thay v\u00ec ch\u1ec9 nh\u00ecn th\u1ea5y kh\u00f3 kh\u0103n v\u00e0 th\u00e1ch th\u1ee9c.<\/span><\/p>\nT\u00f3m l\u1ea1i, t\u01b0 duy m\u1edf mang l\u1ea1i nhi\u1ec1u l\u1ee3i th\u1ebf to l\u1edbn. N\u00f3 gi\u00fap ch\u00fang ta d\u1ec5 d\u00e0ng ch\u1ea5p nh\u1eadn \u0111i\u1ec1u m\u1edbi m\u1ebb, khuy\u1ebfn kh\u00edch s\u00e1ng t\u1ea1o v\u00e0 h\u1ecdc h\u1ecfi li\u00ean t\u1ee5c – t\u1ea5t c\u1ea3 \u0111\u1ec1u l\u00e0 nh\u1eefng y\u1ebfu t\u1ed1 c\u1ea7n thi\u1ebft \u0111\u1ec3 x\u00e2y d\u1ef1ng s\u1ef1 th\u1ecbnh v\u01b0\u1ee3ng gi\u1eefa mu\u00f4n v\u00e0n bi\u1ebfn \u0111\u1ed9ng c\u1ee7a th\u1ebf gi\u1edbi hi\u1ec7n \u0111\u1ea1i.<\/span><\/p>\n3. C\u00e1c Y\u1ebfu T\u1ed1 \u1ea2nh H\u01b0\u1edfng \u0110\u1ebfn T\u01b0 Duy M\u1edf<\/b><\/span><\/h2>\nT\u01b0 duy m\u1edf l\u00e0 m\u1ed9t kh\u1ea3 n\u0103ng ph\u1ee9c t\u1ea1p, \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c h\u00ecnh th\u00e0nh b\u1edfi nhi\u1ec1u y\u1ebfu t\u1ed1 kh\u00e1c nhau. M\u1ed9t s\u1ed1 y\u1ebfu t\u1ed1 ch\u00ednh \u1ea3nh h\u01b0\u1edfng \u0111\u1ebfn t\u01b0 duy m\u1edf nh\u01b0:<\/span><\/p>\n3.1 M\u00f4i Tr\u01b0\u1eddng S\u1ed1ng\u00a0<\/b><\/span><\/h3>\nM\u00f4i tr\u01b0\u1eddng s\u1ed1ng, v\u0103n h\u00f3a v\u00e0 gi\u00e1o d\u1ee5c \u0111\u00f3ng m\u1ed9t vai tr\u00f2 quan tr\u1ecdng trong vi\u1ec7c h\u00ecnh th\u00e0nh t\u01b0 duy m\u1edf. Nh\u1eefng m\u00f4i tr\u01b0\u1eddng c\u1edfi m\u1edf, t\u00f4n tr\u1ecdng s\u1ef1 \u0111a d\u1ea1ng v\u00e0 khuy\u1ebfn kh\u00edch s\u1ef1 s\u00e1ng t\u1ea1o s\u1ebd gi\u00fap ph\u00e1t tri\u1ec3n t\u01b0 duy m\u1edf \u1edf tr\u1ebb em v\u00e0 ng\u01b0\u1eddi tr\u01b0\u1edfng th\u00e0nh. Ng\u01b0\u1ee3c l\u1ea1i, m\u1ed9t m\u00f4i tr\u01b0\u1eddng h\u1ea1n h\u1eb9p s\u1ebd khi\u1ebfn ng\u01b0\u1eddi ta c\u00f3 xu h\u01b0\u1edbng t\u01b0 duy \u0111\u00f3ng h\u01a1n.<\/span><\/p>\n3.2 T\u00ednh C\u00e1ch\u00a0<\/b><\/span><\/h3>\nT\u00ednh c\u00e1ch c\u00e1 nh\u00e2n c\u0169ng \u1ea3nh h\u01b0\u1edfng \u0111\u00e1ng k\u1ec3 \u0111\u1ebfn t\u01b0 duy m\u1edf. Nh\u1eefng ng\u01b0\u1eddi c\u00f3 t\u00ednh c\u00e1ch c\u1edfi m\u1edf, hi\u1ebfu k\u1ef3 v\u00e0 d\u1ec5 ch\u1ea5p nh\u1eadn s\u1ef1 thay \u0111\u1ed5i th\u01b0\u1eddng c\u00f3 t\u01b0 duy m\u1edf. Trong khi \u0111\u00f3, nh\u1eefng ng\u01b0\u1eddi c\u00f3 t\u00ednh c\u00e1ch kh\u00e9p k\u00edn, c\u1ee9ng nh\u1eafc v\u00e0 s\u1ee3 thay \u0111\u1ed5i th\u01b0\u1eddng g\u1eb7p kh\u00f3 kh\u0103n trong vi\u1ec7c m\u1edf r\u1ed9ng t\u01b0 duy.<\/span><\/p>\n3.3 M\u1ee9c \u0110\u1ed9 Th\u00f4ng Th\u1ea1o Trong M\u1ed9t L\u0129nh V\u1ef1c\u00a0<\/b><\/span><\/h3>\nNh\u1eefng chuy\u00ean gia gi\u00e0u kinh nghi\u1ec7m trong m\u1ed9t l\u0129nh v\u1ef1c \u0111\u00f4i khi c\u00f3 xu h\u01b0\u1edbng duy tr\u00ec t\u01b0 duy \u0111\u00f3ng k\u00edn h\u01a1n, b\u1edfi h\u1ecd \u0111\u00e3 qu\u00e1 quen v\u1edbi c\u00e1ch l\u00e0m vi\u1ec7c v\u00e0 khu\u00f4n kh\u1ed5 suy ngh\u0129 truy\u1ec1n th\u1ed1ng. Tuy nhi\u00ean, \u0111i\u1ec1u n\u00e0y kh\u00f4ng c\u00f3 ngh\u0129a l\u00e0 ki\u1ebfn th\u1ee9c chuy\u00ean m\u00f4n s\u00e2u r\u1ed9ng s\u1ebd ng\u0103n c\u1ea3n t\u01b0 duy m\u1edf. Tr\u00ean th\u1ef1c t\u1ebf, ki\u1ebfn th\u1ee9c v\u1eefng ch\u1eafc k\u1ebft h\u1ee3p v\u1edbi m\u1ed9t t\u01b0 duy m\u1edf s\u1ebd t\u1ea1o n\u00ean s\u1ef1 k\u1ebft h\u1ee3p l\u00fd t\u01b0\u1edfng cho s\u1ef1 s\u00e1ng t\u1ea1o v\u00e0 \u0111\u1ed5i m\u1edbi.<\/span><\/p>\n3.4 Kh\u1ea3 N\u0103ng Ti\u1ebfp Nh\u1eadn \u0110i\u1ec1u M\u1edbi\u00a0<\/b><\/span><\/h3>\nKh\u1ea3 n\u0103ng ti\u1ebfp nh\u1eadn \u0111i\u1ec1u m\u1edbi c\u0169ng \u0111\u00f3ng m\u1ed9t vai tr\u00f2 quan tr\u1ecdng trong vi\u1ec7c h\u00ecnh th\u00e0nh t\u01b0 duy m\u1edf. Nh\u1eefng ng\u01b0\u1eddi lu\u00f4n s\u1eb5n s\u00e0ng l\u1eafng nghe, ch\u1ea5p nh\u1eadn v\u00e0 th\u1eed nghi\u1ec7m nh\u1eefng \u00fd t\u01b0\u1edfng m\u1edbi m\u1ebb s\u1ebd c\u00f3 t\u01b0 duy m\u1edf h\u01a1n so v\u1edbi nh\u1eefng ng\u01b0\u1eddi th\u01b0\u1eddng xuy\u00ean ph\u1ea3n \u0111\u1ed1i v\u00e0 t\u1eeb ch\u1ed1i nh\u1eefng \u0111i\u1ec1u m\u1edbi l\u1ea1.<\/span><\/p>\n4. L\u00e0m Sao \u0110\u1ec3 R\u00e8n Luy\u1ec7n V\u00e0 Ph\u00e1t Tri\u1ec3n T\u01b0 Duy M\u1edf?<\/b><\/span><\/h2>\n
C\u00e1ch r\u00e8n luy\u1ec7n v\u00e0 ph\u00e1t tri\u1ec3n t\u01b0 duy m\u1edf<\/em><\/figcaption><\/figure>\nT\u01b0 duy m\u1edf l\u00e0 m\u1ed9t k\u1ef9 n\u0103ng quan tr\u1ecdng c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c r\u00e8n luy\u1ec7n v\u00e0 ph\u00e1t tri\u1ec3n qua qu\u00e1 tr\u00ecnh h\u1ecdc t\u1eadp v\u00e0 tr\u1ea3i nghi\u1ec7m. Sau \u0111\u00e2y l\u00e0 m\u1ed9t s\u1ed1 b\u00ed quy\u1ebft gi\u00fap b\u1ea1n r\u00e8n luy\u1ec7n v\u00e0 ph\u00e1t tri\u1ec3n t\u01b0 duy m\u1edf:<\/span><\/p>\n4.1 Nh\u1eadn Th\u1ee9c Th\u00e0nh Ki\u1ebfn C\u1ee7a B\u1ea3n Th\u00e2n\u00a0<\/b><\/span><\/h3>\nB\u01b0\u1edbc \u0111\u1ea7u ti\u00ean \u0111\u1ec3 ph\u00e1t tri\u1ec3n t\u01b0 duy m\u1edf l\u00e0 nh\u1eadn ra c\u00e1c th\u00e0nh ki\u1ebfn v\u00e0 \u0111\u1ecbnh ki\u1ebfn c\u1ee7a ch\u00ednh m\u00ecnh. Ch\u00fang ta \u0111\u1ec1u c\u00f3 nh\u1eefng ni\u1ec1m tin, quan \u0111i\u1ec3m v\u00e0 th\u00f3i quen suy ngh\u0129 nh\u1ea5t \u0111\u1ecbnh \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c h\u00ecnh th\u00e0nh qua kinh nghi\u1ec7m s\u1ed1ng, gi\u00e1o d\u1ee5c v\u00e0 m\u00f4i tr\u01b0\u1eddng x\u00e3 h\u1ed9i. Nh\u1eefng th\u00e0nh ki\u1ebfn n\u00e0y th\u01b0\u1eddng \u0103n s\u00e2u v\u00e0o t\u01b0 duy v\u00e0 h\u00e0nh vi m\u00e0 \u0111\u00f4i khi ch\u00fang ta kh\u00f4ng nh\u1eadn ra. Vi\u1ec7c nh\u1eadn di\u1ec7n v\u00e0 th\u1eeba nh\u1eadn nh\u1eefng th\u00e0nh ki\u1ebfn n\u00e0y l\u00e0 b\u01b0\u1edbc \u0111\u1ea7u ti\u00ean quan tr\u1ecdng \u0111\u1ec3 c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 v\u01b0\u1ee3t ra kh\u1ecfi ch\u00fang.<\/span><\/p>\nM\u1ed9t c\u00e1ch hi\u1ec7u qu\u1ea3 \u0111\u1ec3 nh\u1eadn th\u1ee9c th\u00e0nh ki\u1ebfn c\u1ee7a b\u1ea3n th\u00e2n l\u00e0 th\u1ef1c h\u00e0nh t\u1ef1 v\u1ea5n v\u00e0 ph\u1ea3n t\u1ec9nh. H\u00e3y d\u00e0nh th\u1eddi gian suy ng\u1eabm v\u1ec1 c\u00e1ch b\u1ea1n nh\u00ecn nh\u1eadn v\u00e0 ph\u1ea3n \u1ee9ng v\u1edbi c\u00e1c t\u00ecnh hu\u1ed1ng, v\u1ea5n \u0111\u1ec1 kh\u00e1c nhau. \u0110\u1eb7t c\u00e2u h\u1ecfi v\u1edbi ch\u00ednh m\u00ecnh v\u1ec1 ngu\u1ed3n g\u1ed1c c\u1ee7a nh\u1eefng suy ngh\u0129 v\u00e0 ph\u00e1n x\u00e9t \u0111\u00f3. \u0110i\u1ec1u n\u00e0y s\u1ebd gi\u00fap b\u1ea1n nh\u1eadn ra c\u00e1c \u0111\u1ecbnh ki\u1ebfn ti\u1ec1m \u1ea9n v\u00e0 s\u1eb5n s\u00e0ng thay \u0111\u1ed5i ch\u00fang.<\/span><\/p>\n4.2 X\u00e2y D\u1ef1ng C\u00e1i Nh\u00ecn \u0110a Chi\u1ec1u\u00a0<\/b><\/span><\/h3>\nT\u01b0 duy m\u1edf \u0111\u00f2i h\u1ecfi kh\u1ea3 n\u0103ng xem x\u00e9t v\u1ea5n \u0111\u1ec1 t\u1eeb nhi\u1ec1u g\u00f3c \u0111\u1ed9 v\u00e0 quan \u0111i\u1ec3m kh\u00e1c nhau thay v\u00ec ch\u1ec9 nh\u00ecn nh\u1eadn t\u1eeb l\u0103ng k\u00ednh h\u1eb9p c\u1ee7a ri\u00eang m\u00ecnh. B\u1eb1ng c\u00e1ch ti\u1ebfp x\u00fac v\u1edbi nh\u1eefng quan \u0111i\u1ec3m \u0111a d\u1ea1ng, \u0111\u1ecdc nh\u1eefng cu\u1ed1n s\u00e1ch kh\u00e1c nhau, tham gia c\u00e1c cu\u1ed9c th\u1ea3o lu\u1eadn v\u00e0 l\u1eafng nghe \u00fd ki\u1ebfn c\u1ee7a nh\u1eefng ng\u01b0\u1eddi xung quanh, b\u1ea1n s\u1ebd d\u1ea7n x\u00e2y d\u1ef1ng \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c c\u00e1i nh\u00ecn to\u00e0n di\u1ec7n v\u00e0 \u0111a chi\u1ec1u h\u01a1n.<\/span><\/p>\nH\u00e3y c\u1ed1 g\u1eafng \u0111\u1eb7t c\u00e2u h\u1ecfi v\u00e0 th\u00e1ch th\u1ee9c ch\u00ednh quan \u0111i\u1ec3m c\u1ee7a m\u00ecnh. Th\u1eed xem li\u1ec7u c\u00f3 g\u00f3c nh\u00ecn n\u00e0o kh\u00e1c c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 gi\u1ea3i th\u00edch v\u1ea5n \u0111\u1ec1 t\u1ed1t h\u01a1n hay kh\u00f4ng. \u0110i\u1ec1u n\u00e0y s\u1ebd gi\u00fap b\u1ea1n m\u1edf r\u1ed9ng t\u1ea7m nh\u00ecn v\u00e0 d\u1ea7n d\u1ea7n v\u01b0\u1ee3t ra kh\u1ecfi khu\u00f4n kh\u1ed5 suy ngh\u0129 quen thu\u1ed9c, h\u1eb9p h\u00f2i.<\/span><\/p>\n4.3 T\u00edch C\u1ef1c H\u1ecdc H\u1ecfi \u0110i\u1ec1u M\u1edbi<\/b><\/span><\/h3>\nM\u1ed9t trong nh\u1eefng bi\u1ec3u hi\u1ec7n quan tr\u1ecdng c\u1ee7a t\u01b0 duy m\u1edf l\u00e0 s\u1ef1 khao kh\u00e1t h\u1ecdc h\u1ecfi v\u00e0 kh\u00e1m ph\u00e1 \u0111i\u1ec1u m\u1edbi. Nh\u1eefng ng\u01b0\u1eddi c\u00f3 t\u01b0 duy m\u1edf lu\u00f4n t\u1ecf ra hi\u1ebfu k\u1ef3 v\u00e0 mong mu\u1ed1n m\u1edf r\u1ed9ng v\u1ed1n ki\u1ebfn th\u1ee9c c\u1ee7a m\u00ecnh. Do \u0111\u00f3, h\u00e3y \u0111\u1eebng ng\u1ea1i th\u00e1ch th\u1ee9c b\u1ea3n th\u00e2n b\u1eb1ng c\u00e1ch t\u00edch c\u1ef1c h\u1ecdc h\u1ecfi nh\u1eefng \u0111i\u1ec1u m\u1edbi m\u1ebb, d\u00f9 l\u00e0 qua vi\u1ec7c \u0111\u1ecdc s\u00e1ch, tham gia c\u00e1c kh\u00f3a h\u1ecdc, du l\u1ecbch hay tr\u1ea3i nghi\u1ec7m m\u1ed9t m\u00f4n ngh\u1ec7 thu\u1eadt m\u1edbi.<\/span><\/p>\nM\u1ed7i l\u1ea7n h\u1ecdc h\u1ecfi \u0111\u1ec1u l\u00e0 m\u1ed9t c\u01a1 h\u1ed9i m\u1edf mang t\u1ea7m m\u1eaft v\u00e0 v\u01b0\u1ee3t ra kh\u1ecfi v\u00f9ng an to\u00e0n c\u1ee7a ch\u00ednh m\u00ecnh. \u0110i\u1ec1u n\u00e0y s\u1ebd gi\u00fap b\u1ea1n m\u1edf r\u1ed9ng th\u1ebf gi\u1edbi quan, suy ngh\u0129 linh ho\u1ea1t v\u00e0 h\u00ecnh th\u00e0nh nh\u1eefng k\u1ebft n\u1ed1i m\u1edbi m\u1ebb – t\u1ea5t c\u1ea3 \u0111\u1ec1u l\u00e0 nh\u1eefng y\u1ebfu t\u1ed1 c\u1ed1t l\u00f5i c\u1ee7a t\u01b0 duy m\u1edf.<\/span><\/p>\n4.4 R\u00e8n Luy\u1ec7n Th\u00f3i Quen T\u1ed1t\u00a0<\/b><\/span><\/h3>\nVi\u1ec7c r\u00e8n luy\u1ec7n nh\u1eefng th\u00f3i quen l\u00e0nh m\u1ea1nh v\u00e0 t\u00edch c\u1ef1c s\u1ebd gi\u00fap th\u00fac \u0111\u1ea9y t\u01b0 duy m\u1edf. C\u00e1c th\u00f3i quen n\u00e0y s\u1ebd gi\u00fap t\u1ea1o n\u00ean m\u1ed9t t\u00e2m tr\u00ed thanh t\u1ecbnh, s\u1ea3ng kho\u00e1i v\u00e0 r\u1ed9ng m\u1edf.<\/span><\/p>\nM\u1ed9t s\u1ed1 th\u00f3i quen l\u00e0nh m\u1ea1nh n\u00ean th\u1ef1c h\u00e0nh bao g\u1ed3m thi\u1ec1n \u0111\u1ecbnh, vi\u1ebft nh\u1eadt k\u00fd, t\u1eadp th\u1ec3 d\u1ee5c \u0111\u1ec1u \u0111\u1eb7n, d\u00e0nh th\u1eddi gian \u0111\u1ec3 \u0111\u1ecdc s\u00e1ch v\u00e0 t\u1ef1 h\u1ecdc m\u1ed7i ng\u00e0y. Ngo\u00e0i ra, quan tr\u1ecdng l\u00e0 ph\u1ea3i duy tr\u00ec m\u1ed9t l\u1ed1i s\u1ed1ng l\u00e0nh m\u1ea1nh v\u1edbi ch\u1ebf \u0111\u1ed9 \u0103n u\u1ed1ng v\u00e0 gi\u1ea5c ng\u1ee7 \u0111\u1ea7y \u0111\u1ee7. T\u1ea5t c\u1ea3 nh\u1eefng \u0111i\u1ec1u n\u00e0y s\u1ebd t\u1ea1o n\u00ean m\u1ed9t t\u00e2m tr\u00ed t\u1ec9nh t\u00e1o, c\u01a1 th\u1ec3 tr\u00e0n \u0111\u1ea7y n\u0103ng l\u01b0\u1ee3ng.<\/span><\/p>\nT\u00f3m l\u1ea1i, ph\u00e1t tri\u1ec3n t\u01b0 duy m\u1edf l\u00e0 m\u1ed9t qu\u00e1 tr\u00ecnh l\u00e2u d\u00e0i \u0111\u00f2i h\u1ecfi s\u1ef1 ki\u00ean tr\u00ec v\u00e0 n\u1ed7 l\u1ef1c kh\u00f4ng ng\u1eebng. Tuy nhi\u00ean, b\u1eb1ng c\u00e1ch nh\u1eadn th\u1ee9c th\u00e0nh ki\u1ebfn c\u1ee7a b\u1ea3n th\u00e2n, x\u00e2y d\u1ef1ng t\u01b0 duy \u0111a chi\u1ec1u, ham h\u1ecdc h\u1ecfi v\u00e0 r\u00e8n luy\u1ec7n th\u00f3i quen t\u1ed1t, ch\u00fang ta ho\u00e0n to\u00e0n c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 ph\u00e1t tri\u1ec3n t\u01b0 duy m\u1edf m\u1ed9t c\u00e1ch hi\u1ec7u qu\u1ea3.<\/span><\/p>\n