{"id":77141,"date":"2024-08-09T15:31:49","date_gmt":"2024-08-09T08:31:49","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/jobsgo.vn\/blog\/?p=77141"},"modified":"2025-01-08T16:31:41","modified_gmt":"2025-01-08T09:31:41","slug":"chu-nghia-tu-ban-la-gi","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/jobsgo.vn\/blog\/chu-nghia-tu-ban-la-gi\/","title":{"rendered":"Ch\u1ee7 Ngh\u0129a T\u01b0 B\u1ea3n L\u00e0 G\u00ec? B\u00ed M\u1eadt \u0110\u1eb1ng Sau S\u1ef1 Th\u1ecbnh V\u01b0\u1ee3ng"},"content":{"rendered":"\n
Ch\u1ee7 ngh\u0129a t\u01b0 b\u1ea3n l\u00e0 g\u00ec<\/em><\/strong>?<\/em> H\u1ec7 th\u1ed1ng kinh t\u1ebf n\u00e0y \u0111\u00e3 v\u00e0 \u0111ang \u0111\u1ecbnh h\u00ecnh th\u1ebf gi\u1edbi hi\u1ec7n \u0111\u1ea1i nh\u01b0 th\u1ebf n\u00e0o? B\u00e0i vi\u1ebft n\u00e0y c\u1ee7a JobsGO s\u1ebd ph\u00e2n t\u00edch to\u00e0n di\u1ec7n v\u1ec1 ch\u1ee7 ngh\u0129a t\u01b0 b\u1ea3n, \u0111\u1ed3ng th\u1eddi cho b\u1ea1n c\u00e1i nh\u00ecn s\u00e2u s\u1eafc h\u01a1n v\u1ec1 h\u1ec7 th\u1ed1ng kinh t\u1ebf \u0111ang chi ph\u1ed1i cu\u1ed9c s\u1ed1ng c\u1ee7a ch\u00fang ta.\u00a0<\/em><\/p>\n M\u1ee5c l\u1ee5c<\/p> Ch\u1ee7 ngh\u0129a t\u01b0 b\u1ea3n l\u00e0 m\u1ed9t h\u1ec7 th\u1ed1ng kinh t\u1ebf – x\u00e3 h\u1ed9i d\u1ef1a tr\u00ean nguy\u00ean t\u1eafc s\u1edf h\u1eefu t\u01b0 nh\u00e2n \u0111\u1ed1i v\u1edbi t\u01b0 li\u1ec7u s\u1ea3n xu\u1ea5t c\u0169ng nh\u01b0 ph\u00e2n ph\u1ed1i h\u00e0ng h\u00f3a, d\u1ecbch v\u1ee5 th\u00f4ng qua c\u01a1 ch\u1ebf th\u1ecb tr\u01b0\u1eddng t\u1ef1 do. Trong n\u1ec1n kinh t\u1ebf t\u01b0 b\u1ea3n, c\u00e1c c\u00e1 nh\u00e2n c\u00f9ng doanh nghi\u1ec7p t\u01b0 nh\u00e2n \u0111\u00f3ng vai tr\u00f2 ch\u1ee7 \u0111\u1ea1o trong vi\u1ec7c s\u1edf h\u1eefu, v\u1eadn h\u00e0nh c\u00e1c ho\u1ea1t \u0111\u1ed9ng kinh t\u1ebf nh\u1eb1m t\u1ea1o ra l\u1ee3i nhu\u1eadn. Ch\u1ee7 ngh\u0129a t\u01b0 b\u1ea3n \u0111\u1ec1 cao quy\u1ec1n t\u1ef1 do kinh doanh, c\u1ea1nh tranh th\u1ecb tr\u01b0\u1eddng c\u0169ng nh\u01b0 vai tr\u00f2 c\u1ee7a l\u1ef1c l\u01b0\u1ee3ng cung – c\u1ea7u trong vi\u1ec7c \u0111i\u1ec1u ti\u1ebft n\u1ec1n kinh t\u1ebf.<\/p><\/blockquote>\n Kh\u00e1i ni\u1ec7m ch\u1ee7 ngh\u0129a t\u01b0 b\u1ea3n \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c h\u00ecnh th\u00e0nh t\u1eeb th\u1ebf k\u1ef7 16 – 17 t\u1ea1i ch\u00e2u \u00c2u, g\u1eafn li\u1ec1n v\u1edbi s\u1ef1 ph\u00e1t tri\u1ec3n c\u1ee7a th\u01b0\u01a1ng m\u1ea1i, c\u00f4ng nghi\u1ec7p h\u00f3a c\u00f9ng qu\u00e1 tr\u00ecnh t\u00edch l\u0169y t\u01b0 b\u1ea3n. Tuy nhi\u00ean, thu\u1eadt ng\u1eef “ch\u1ee7 ngh\u0129a t\u01b0 b\u1ea3n” (capitalism) ch\u1ec9 th\u1ef1c s\u1ef1 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng r\u1ed9ng r\u00e3i t\u1eeb gi\u1eefa th\u1ebf k\u1ef7 19, \u0111\u1eb7c bi\u1ec7t sau khi Karl Marx ph\u00e2n t\u00edch s\u00e2u s\u1eafc v\u1ec1 h\u1ec7 th\u1ed1ng kinh t\u1ebf n\u00e0y trong t\u00e1c ph\u1ea9m “T\u01b0 b\u1ea3n lu\u1eadn”.<\/p>\n B\u1ea3n ch\u1ea5t c\u1ee7a ch\u1ee7 ngh\u0129a t\u01b0 b\u1ea3n l\u00e0 s\u1ef1 t\u1ed1i \u0111a h\u00f3a l\u1ee3i nhu\u1eadn th\u00f4ng qua vi\u1ec7c s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng hi\u1ec7u qu\u1ea3 c\u00e1c ngu\u1ed3n l\u1ef1c s\u1ea3n xu\u1ea5t. H\u1ec7 th\u1ed1ng n\u00e0y khuy\u1ebfn kh\u00edch \u0111\u1ed5i m\u1edbi, s\u00e1ng t\u1ea1o c\u0169ng nh\u01b0 n\u00e2ng cao n\u0103ng su\u1ea5t lao \u0111\u1ed9ng \u0111\u1ec3 t\u1ea1o ra gi\u00e1 tr\u1ecb gia t\u0103ng. Tuy nhi\u00ean, ch\u1ebf \u0111\u1ed9 n\u00e0y c\u0169ng \u0111\u1ed1i m\u1eb7t v\u1edbi nhi\u1ec1u th\u00e1ch th\u1ee9c nh\u01b0 b\u1ea5t b\u00ecnh \u0111\u1eb3ng x\u00e3 h\u1ed9i, t\u1ea1o ra kho\u1ea3ng c\u00e1ch gi\u00e0u ngh\u00e8o ng\u00e0y c\u00e0ng l\u1edbn, kh\u1ee7ng ho\u1ea3ng kinh t\u1ebf chu k\u1ef3 hay t\u00e1c \u0111\u1ed9ng ti\u00eau c\u1ef1c \u0111\u1ebfn m\u00f4i tr\u01b0\u1eddng.<\/p>\n Qu\u00e1 tr\u00ecnh h\u00ecnh th\u00e0nh ch\u1ee7 ngh\u0129a t\u01b0 b\u1ea3n di\u1ec5n ra trong m\u1ed9t th\u1eddi gian d\u00e0i, b\u1eaft \u0111\u1ea7u t\u1eeb s\u1ef1 suy t\u00e0n c\u1ee7a ch\u1ebf \u0111\u1ed9 phong ki\u1ebfn \u1edf ch\u00e2u \u00c2u v\u00e0o cu\u1ed1i th\u1eddi Trung c\u1ed5. C\u00e1c giai \u0111o\u1ea1n ch\u00ednh trong s\u1ef1 ph\u00e1t tri\u1ec3n c\u1ee7a ch\u1ee7 ngh\u0129a t\u01b0 b\u1ea3n bao g\u1ed3m:<\/p>\n Qu\u00e1 tr\u00ecnh h\u00ecnh th\u00e0nh ch\u1ee7 ngh\u0129a t\u01b0 b\u1ea3n \u0111\u00e3 t\u1ea1o ra nh\u1eefng thay \u0111\u1ed5i s\u00e2u s\u1eafc kh\u00f4ng ch\u1ec9 trong l\u0129nh v\u1ef1c kinh t\u1ebf m\u00e0 c\u00f2n c\u1ea3 v\u1ec1 m\u1eb7t x\u00e3 h\u1ed9i, ch\u00ednh tr\u1ecb. H\u1ec7 th\u1ed1ng n\u00e0y \u0111\u00e3 th\u00fac \u0111\u1ea9y s\u1ef1 ph\u00e1t tri\u1ec3n nhanh ch\u00f3ng c\u1ee7a khoa h\u1ecdc k\u1ef9 thu\u1eadt, n\u00e2ng cao \u0111\u00e1ng k\u1ec3 m\u1ee9c s\u1ed1ng c\u1ee7a ng\u01b0\u1eddi d\u00e2n \u1edf nhi\u1ec1u qu\u1ed1c gia.<\/p>\n B\u1ea3n ch\u1ea5t c\u1ee7a ch\u1ee7 ngh\u0129a t\u01b0 b\u1ea3n n\u1eb1m \u1edf s\u1ef1 v\u1eadn h\u00e0nh c\u1ee7a c\u00e1c th\u1ecb tr\u01b0\u1eddng t\u1ef1 do, quy\u1ec1n s\u1edf h\u1eefu t\u01b0 nh\u00e2n. C\u00e1c th\u1ecb tr\u01b0\u1eddng t\u1ef1 do cho ph\u00e9p c\u00e1c doanh nghi\u1ec7p hay c\u00e1 nh\u00e2n t\u1ef1 do mua b\u00e1n h\u00e0ng h\u00f3a – d\u1ecbch v\u1ee5, \u0111\u1ed3ng th\u1eddi c\u1ea1nh tranh v\u1edbi nhau \u0111\u1ec3 cung c\u1ea5p s\u1ea3n ph\u1ea9m t\u1ed1t nh\u1ea5t c\u00f9ng m\u1ee9c gi\u00e1 c\u1ea3 h\u1ee3p l\u00fd nh\u1ea5t. Quy\u1ec1n s\u1edf h\u1eefu t\u01b0 nh\u00e2n \u0111\u1ea3m b\u1ea3o r\u1eb1ng c\u00e1c c\u00e1 nh\u00e2n c\u00f3 quy\u1ec1n ki\u1ec3m so\u00e1t t\u00e0i s\u1ea3n c\u1ee7a m\u00ecnh,s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng ch\u00fang \u0111\u1ec3 t\u1ea1o ra l\u1ee3i nhu\u1eadn.<\/p>\n B\u1ea3n ch\u1ea5t c\u1ee7a ch\u1ee7 ngh\u0129a t\u01b0 b\u1ea3n th\u1ec3 hi\u1ec7n r\u00f5 n\u00e9t th\u00f4ng qua vi\u1ec7c t\u1ed1i \u0111a h\u00f3a l\u1ee3i nhu\u1eadn c\u00f9ng s\u1ef1 t\u00edch l\u0169y v\u1ed1n kh\u00f4ng ng\u1eebng. H\u1ec7 th\u1ed1ng n\u00e0y t\u1ea1o ra \u0111\u1ed9ng l\u1ef1c m\u1ea1nh m\u1ebd cho s\u1ef1 ph\u00e1t tri\u1ec3n kinh t\u1ebf, \u0111\u1ed5i m\u1edbi c\u00f4ng ngh\u1ec7 c\u0169ng nh\u01b0 n\u00e2ng cao n\u0103ng su\u1ea5t lao \u0111\u1ed9ng. \u0110\u1ed3ng th\u1eddi, s\u1ef1 c\u1ea1nh tranh khuy\u1ebfn kh\u00edch c\u00e1c doanh nghi\u1ec7p c\u1ea3i ti\u1ebfn li\u00ean t\u1ee5c \u0111\u1ec3 duy tr\u00ec v\u1ecb th\u1ebf tr\u00ean th\u1ecb tr\u01b0\u1eddng.<\/p>\n Ch\u1ee7 ngh\u0129a t\u01b0 b\u1ea3n c\u00f3 nhi\u1ec1u \u0111\u1eb7c \u0111i\u1ec3m n\u1ed5i b\u1eadt, ph\u1ea3n \u00e1nh b\u1ea3n ch\u1ea5t c\u0169ng nh\u01b0 c\u00e1ch th\u1ee9c v\u1eadn h\u00e0nh c\u1ee7a h\u1ec7 th\u1ed1ng kinh t\u1ebf n\u00e0y. D\u01b0\u1edbi \u0111\u00e2y l\u00e0 nh\u1eefng \u0111\u1eb7c \u0111i\u1ec3m ch\u00ednh c\u1ee7a ch\u1ee7 ngh\u0129a t\u01b0 b\u1ea3n:<\/p>\n S\u1edf h\u1eefu t\u01b0 nh\u00e2n \u0111\u1ed1i v\u1edbi t\u01b0 li\u1ec7u s\u1ea3n xu\u1ea5t l\u00e0 n\u1ec1n t\u1ea3ng c\u1ee7a ch\u1ee7 ngh\u0129a t\u01b0 b\u1ea3n, t\u1ea1o ra \u0111\u1ed9ng l\u1ef1c m\u1ea1nh m\u1ebd cho s\u1ef1 ph\u00e1t tri\u1ec3n kinh t\u1ebf. Trong h\u1ec7 th\u1ed1ng n\u00e0y, c\u00e1c c\u00e1 nh\u00e2n v\u00e0 doanh nghi\u1ec7p c\u00f3 quy\u1ec1n s\u1edf h\u1eefu, s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng, \u0111\u1ecbnh \u0111o\u1ea1t c\u00e1c t\u00e0i s\u1ea3n nh\u01b0 \u0111\u1ea5t \u0111ai, nh\u00e0 x\u01b0\u1edfng, m\u00e1y m\u00f3c, v\u1ed1n. Quy\u1ec1n s\u1edf h\u1eefu n\u00e0y \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c ph\u00e1p lu\u1eadt b\u1ea3o v\u1ec7, t\u1ea1o \u0111i\u1ec1u ki\u1ec7n cho vi\u1ec7c \u0111\u1ea7u t\u01b0 d\u00e0i h\u1ea1n, khuy\u1ebfn kh\u00edch \u0111\u1ed5i m\u1edbi s\u00e1ng t\u1ea1o.<\/p>\n C\u00e1c doanh nghi\u1ec7p t\u01b0 nh\u00e2n nh\u01b0 Vingroup, Th\u1ebf Gi\u1edbi Di \u0110\u1ed9ng hay VietJet Air \u0111\u00e3 tr\u1edf th\u00e0nh nh\u1eefng t\u00ean tu\u1ed5i l\u1edbn, kh\u00f4ng ch\u1ec9 trong n\u01b0\u1edbc m\u00e0 c\u00f2n v\u01b0\u01a1n ra th\u1ecb tr\u01b0\u1eddng qu\u1ed1c t\u1ebf. Tuy nhi\u00ean, qu\u00e1 tr\u00ecnh chuy\u1ec3n \u0111\u1ed5i t\u1eeb n\u1ec1n kinh t\u1ebf k\u1ebf ho\u1ea1ch h\u00f3a t\u1eadp trung sang n\u1ec1n kinh t\u1ebf th\u1ecb tr\u01b0\u1eddng \u0111\u1ecbnh h\u01b0\u1edbng x\u00e3 h\u1ed9i ch\u1ee7 ngh\u0129a v\u1eabn \u0111ang ti\u1ebfp di\u1ec5n, v\u1edbi nhi\u1ec1u th\u00e1ch th\u1ee9c trong vi\u1ec7c c\u00e2n b\u1eb1ng gi\u1eefa vai tr\u00f2 c\u1ee7a nh\u00e0 n\u01b0\u1edbc v\u00e0 khu v\u1ef1c t\u01b0 nh\u00e2n.<\/p>\n C\u01a1 ch\u1ebf th\u1ecb tr\u01b0\u1eddng t\u1ef1 do l\u00e0 tr\u00e1i tim c\u1ee7a n\u1ec1n kinh t\u1ebf t\u01b0 b\u1ea3n, trong \u0111\u00f3 gi\u00e1 c\u1ea3 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c x\u00e1c \u0111\u1ecbnh b\u1edfi s\u1ef1 t\u01b0\u01a1ng t\u00e1c gi\u1eefa cung – c\u1ea7u, kh\u00f4ng c\u00f3 s\u1ef1 can thi\u1ec7p c\u1ee7a ch\u00ednh ph\u1ee7. H\u1ec7 th\u1ed1ng n\u00e0y cho ph\u00e9p ph\u00e2n b\u1ed5 ngu\u1ed3n l\u1ef1c m\u1ed9t c\u00e1ch hi\u1ec7u qu\u1ea3, khi c\u00e1c doanh nghi\u1ec7p v\u00e0 ng\u01b0\u1eddi ti\u00eau d\u00f9ng t\u1ef1 do \u0111\u01b0a ra quy\u1ebft \u0111\u1ecbnh d\u1ef1a tr\u00ean l\u1ee3i \u00edch c\u1ee7a h\u1ecd. Theo l\u00fd thuy\u1ebft c\u1ee7a Adam Smith, “b\u00e0n tay v\u00f4 h\u00ecnh” c\u1ee7a th\u1ecb tr\u01b0\u1eddng s\u1ebd d\u1eabn d\u1eaft n\u1ec1n kinh t\u1ebf \u0111\u1ea1t \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c hi\u1ec7u qu\u1ea3 t\u1ed1i \u01b0u.<\/p>\n Vi\u1ec7t Nam \u0111\u00e3 t\u1eebng b\u01b0\u1edbc \u00e1p d\u1ee5ng c\u01a1 ch\u1ebf th\u1ecb tr\u01b0\u1eddng t\u1ef1 do, nh\u01b0ng v\u1eabn duy tr\u00ec s\u1ef1 can thi\u1ec7p c\u1ee7a nh\u00e0 n\u01b0\u1edbc trong nhi\u1ec1u l\u0129nh v\u1ef1c quan tr\u1ecdng hay c\u00f2n \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c g\u1ecdi l\u00e0 “n\u1ec1n kinh t\u1ebf th\u1ecb tr\u01b0\u1eddng \u0111\u1ecbnh h\u01b0\u1edbng x\u00e3 h\u1ed9i ch\u1ee7 ngh\u0129a”.<\/p>\n Trong m\u00f4i tr\u01b0\u1eddng n\u00e0y, c\u00e1c c\u00e1 nh\u00e2n hay doanh nghi\u1ec7p \u0111\u1ec1u c\u00f3 quy\u1ec1n t\u1ef1 do tham gia v\u00e0o b\u1ea5t k\u1ef3 ho\u1ea1t \u0111\u1ed9ng kinh t\u1ebf n\u00e0o h\u1ecd ch\u1ecdn, mi\u1ec5n l\u00e0 tu\u00e2n th\u1ee7 ph\u00e1p lu\u1eadt. C\u1ea1nh tranh gi\u1eefa c\u00e1c doanh nghi\u1ec7p bu\u1ed9c h\u1ecd ph\u1ea3i kh\u00f4ng ng\u1eebng c\u1ea3i ti\u1ebfn s\u1ea3n ph\u1ea9m, gi\u1ea3m chi ph\u00ed, n\u00e2ng cao ch\u1ea5t l\u01b0\u1ee3ng d\u1ecbch v\u1ee5 \u0111\u1ec3 thu h\u00fat kh\u00e1ch h\u00e0ng. \u0110\u1ed3ng th\u1eddi, c\u00e1c t\u1eadp \u0111o\u00e0n l\u1edbn t\u0103ng c\u01b0\u1eddng s\u1ee9c m\u1ea1nh kinh t\u1ebf c\u1ee7a h\u1ecd b\u1eb1ng c\u00e1ch t\u00e1i \u0111\u1ea7u t\u01b0 l\u1ee3i nhu\u1eadn, mua b\u00e1n, s\u00e1p nh\u1eadp doanh nghi\u1ec7p.<\/p>\n D\u1ec5 th\u1ea5y qua cu\u1ed9c c\u1ea1nh tranh gay g\u1eaft trong l\u0129nh v\u1ef1c b\u00e1n l\u1ebb gi\u1eefa c\u00e1c “\u0111\u1ea1i gia” nh\u01b0 Winmart, B\u00e1ch H\u00f3a Xanh, Co.opmart. Qu\u00e1 tr\u00ecnh t\u00edch l\u0169y t\u01b0 b\u1ea3n c\u0169ng d\u1eabn \u0111\u1ebfn s\u1ef1 xu\u1ea5t hi\u1ec7n c\u1ee7a c\u00e1c t\u1eadp \u0111o\u00e0n l\u1edbn nh\u01b0 Vingroup, Masan, FPT c\u00f3 kh\u1ea3 n\u0103ng chi ph\u1ed1i th\u1ecb tr\u01b0\u1eddng.<\/p>\n Tuy nhi\u00ean, c\u1ea1nh tranh qu\u00e1 m\u1ee9c c\u0169ng c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 d\u1eabn \u0111\u1ebfn t\u00ecnh tr\u1ea1ng ph\u00e1 gi\u00e1, g\u00e2y h\u1ea1i cho c\u1ea3 doanh nghi\u1ec7p, ng\u01b0\u1eddi ti\u00eau d\u00f9ng. S\u1ef1 t\u1eadp trung qu\u00e1 m\u1ee9c t\u01b0 b\u1ea3n c\u0169ng g\u00e2y ra lo ng\u1ea1i v\u1ec1 \u0111\u1ed9c quy\u1ec1n, c\u1ea1nh tranh kh\u00f4ng l\u00e0nh m\u1ea1nh. Nhi\u1ec1u qu\u1ed1c gia \u0111\u00e3 ban h\u00e0nh lu\u1eadt ch\u1ed1ng \u0111\u1ed9c quy\u1ec1n \u0111\u1ec3 \u0111\u1ea3m b\u1ea3o c\u1ea1nh tranh c\u00f4ng b\u1eb1ng, b\u1ea3o v\u1ec7 l\u1ee3i \u00edch c\u1ee7a ng\u01b0\u1eddi ti\u00eau d\u00f9ng.<\/p>\n M\u1ee5c ti\u00eau t\u1ed1i \u0111a h\u00f3a l\u1ee3i nhu\u1eadn khuy\u1ebfn kh\u00edch c\u00e1c doanh nghi\u1ec7p kh\u00f4ng ng\u1eebng t\u00ecm ki\u1ebfm c\u00e1ch th\u1ee9c hi\u1ec7u qu\u1ea3 h\u01a1n \u0111\u1ec3 s\u1ea3n xu\u1ea5t v\u00e0 ph\u00e2n ph\u1ed1i h\u00e0ng h\u00f3a, d\u1ecbch v\u1ee5. \u0110i\u1ec1u n\u00e0y t\u1ea1o ra s\u1ef1 \u0111\u1ed5i m\u1edbi c\u00f4ng ngh\u1ec7, c\u1ea3i ti\u1ebfn quy tr\u00ecnh, g\u00f3p ph\u1ea7n n\u00e2ng cao n\u0103ng su\u1ea5t lao \u0111\u1ed9ng.<\/p>\n Trong ng\u00e0nh d\u01b0\u1ee3c ph\u1ea9m, l\u1ee3i nhu\u1eadn cao t\u1eeb c\u00e1c lo\u1ea1i thu\u1ed1c \u0111\u00e3 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c c\u1ea5p b\u1eb1ng s\u00e1ng ch\u1ebf t\u1ea1o ngu\u1ed3n t\u00e0i ch\u00ednh cho vi\u1ec7c ph\u00e1t tri\u1ec3n c\u00e1c lo\u1ea1i thu\u1ed1c m\u1edbi. Vi\u1ec7c t\u1eadp trung qu\u00e1 m\u1ee9c v\u00e0o l\u1ee3i nhu\u1eadn ng\u1eafn h\u1ea1n c\u0169ng c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 d\u1eabn \u0111\u1ebfn nh\u1eefng h\u00e0nh vi kinh doanh thi\u1ebfu \u0111\u1ea1o \u0111\u1ee9c, g\u00e2y h\u1ea1i cho x\u00e3 h\u1ed9i v\u00e0 m\u00f4i tr\u01b0\u1eddng. V\u00ec v\u1eady, doanh nghi\u1ec7p c\u1ea7n c\u00f3 s\u1ef1 c\u00e2n b\u1eb1ng gi\u1eefa m\u1ee5c ti\u00eau l\u1ee3i nhu\u1eadn, tr\u00e1ch nhi\u1ec7m x\u00e3 h\u1ed9i.<\/p>\n Trong ch\u1ee7 ngh\u0129a t\u01b0 b\u1ea3n thu\u1ea7n t\u00fay, vai tr\u00f2 c\u1ee7a nh\u00e0 n\u01b0\u1edbc th\u01b0\u1eddng \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c gi\u1edbi h\u1ea1n \u0111\u1ec3 \u0111\u1ea3m b\u1ea3o s\u1ef1 t\u1ef1 do ho\u1ea1t \u0111\u1ed9ng c\u1ee7a th\u1ecb tr\u01b0\u1eddng. M\u1ee9c \u0111\u1ed9 can thi\u1ec7p c\u1ee7a ch\u00ednh ph\u1ee7 v\u00e0o n\u1ec1n kinh t\u1ebf c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 kh\u00e1c nhau t\u00f9y theo t\u1eebng qu\u1ed1c gia, th\u1eddi k\u1ef3 l\u1ecbch s\u1eed.<\/p>\n Sau cu\u1ed9c \u0110\u1ea1i suy tho\u00e1i 1929 – 1933, nhi\u1ec1u qu\u1ed1c gia \u0111\u00e3 t\u0103ng c\u01b0\u1eddng vai tr\u00f2 c\u1ee7a nh\u00e0 n\u01b0\u1edbc trong vi\u1ec7c \u0111i\u1ec1u ti\u1ebft n\u1ec1n kinh t\u1ebf v\u00e0 cung c\u1ea5p ph\u00fac l\u1ee3i x\u00e3 h\u1ed9i. Hi\u1ec7n nay, h\u1ea7u h\u1ebft c\u00e1c n\u1ec1n kinh t\u1ebf t\u01b0 b\u1ea3n \u0111\u1ec1u \u00e1p d\u1ee5ng m\u00f4 h\u00ecnh “kinh t\u1ebf h\u1ed7n h\u1ee3p”, trong \u0111\u00f3 nh\u00e0 n\u01b0\u1edbc can thi\u1ec7p v\u00e0o m\u1ed9t s\u1ed1 l\u0129nh v\u1ef1c quan tr\u1ecdng nh\u01b0 y t\u1ebf, gi\u00e1o d\u1ee5c, b\u1ea3o v\u1ec7 m\u00f4i tr\u01b0\u1eddng.<\/p>\n Vi\u1ec7t Nam \u0111\u00e3 t\u1eebng b\u01b0\u1edbc gi\u1ea3m b\u1edbt s\u1ef1 can thi\u1ec7p tr\u1ef1c ti\u1ebfp c\u1ee7a nh\u00e0 n\u01b0\u1edbc v\u00e0o ho\u1ea1t \u0111\u1ed9ng kinh t\u1ebf. So v\u1edbi c\u00e1c n\u1ec1n kinh t\u1ebf t\u01b0 b\u1ea3n ph\u00e1t tri\u1ec3n th\u00ec m\u1ee9c \u0111\u1ed9 can thi\u1ec7p c\u1ee7a nh\u00e0 n\u01b0\u1edbc v\u1eabn c\u00f2n t\u01b0\u01a1ng \u0111\u1ed1i cao. Nh\u00e0 n\u01b0\u1edbc ta v\u1eabn gi\u1eef vai tr\u00f2 ch\u1ee7 \u0111\u1ea1o trong m\u1ed9t s\u1ed1 ng\u00e0nh then ch\u1ed1t nh\u01b0 n\u0103ng l\u01b0\u1ee3ng, vi\u1ec5n th\u00f4ng, ng\u00e2n h\u00e0ng.<\/p>\n Chu k\u1ef3 kinh t\u1ebf l\u00e0 m\u1ed9t \u0111\u1eb7c \u0111i\u1ec3m c\u1ed1 h\u1eefu c\u1ee7a ch\u1ee7 ngh\u0129a t\u01b0 b\u1ea3n, th\u1ec3 hi\u1ec7n s\u1ef1 bi\u1ebfn \u0111\u1ed9ng c\u1ee7a n\u1ec1n kinh t\u1ebf qua c\u00e1c giai \u0111o\u1ea1n t\u0103ng tr\u01b0\u1edfng v\u00e0 suy tho\u00e1i. M\u1ed9t chu k\u1ef3 kinh t\u1ebf \u0111i\u1ec3n h\u00ecnh bao g\u1ed3m b\u1ed1n giai \u0111o\u1ea1n: th\u1ecbnh v\u01b0\u1ee3ng, suy tho\u00e1i, kh\u1ee7ng ho\u1ea3ng, ph\u1ee5c h\u1ed3i. V\u00ed d\u1ee5 \u0111i\u1ec3n h\u00ecnh v\u1ec1 chu k\u1ef3 kinh t\u1ebf l\u00e0 cu\u1ed9c \u0110\u1ea1i suy tho\u00e1i 2008 – 2009, b\u1eaft \u0111\u1ea7u t\u1eeb kh\u1ee7ng ho\u1ea3ng t\u00e0i ch\u00ednh \u1edf M\u1ef9 r\u1ed3i lan r\u1ed9ng ra to\u00e0n c\u1ea7u.<\/p>\n Chu k\u1ef3 kinh t\u1ebf c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 g\u00e2y ra nh\u1eefng t\u00e1c \u0111\u1ed9ng ti\u00eau c\u1ef1c nh\u01b0 th\u1ea5t nghi\u1ec7p gia t\u0103ng, gi\u1ea3m chi ti\u00eau, \u0111\u1ea7u t\u01b0 trong giai \u0111o\u1ea1n suy tho\u00e1i. \u0110\u1ec3 gi\u1ea3m thi\u1ec3u nh\u1eefng t\u00e1c \u0111\u1ed9ng n\u00e0y, c\u00e1c ch\u00ednh ph\u1ee7 th\u01b0\u1eddng \u00e1p d\u1ee5ng c\u00e1c ch\u00ednh s\u00e1ch ti\u1ec1n t\u1ec7, ch\u00ednh s\u00e1ch t\u00e0i kh\u00f3a \u0111\u1ec3 “l\u00e0m m\u1ec1m” chu k\u1ef3 kinh t\u1ebf.<\/p>\n To\u00e0n c\u1ea7u h\u00f3a l\u00e0 m\u1ed9t \u0111\u1eb7c \u0111i\u1ec3m n\u1ed5i b\u1eadt c\u1ee7a ch\u1ee7 ngh\u0129a t\u01b0 b\u1ea3n hi\u1ec7n \u0111\u1ea1i, th\u1ec3 hi\u1ec7n xu h\u01b0\u1edbng h\u1ed9i nh\u1eadp, li\u00ean k\u1ebft kinh t\u1ebf qu\u1ed1c t\u1ebf ng\u00e0y c\u00e0ng s\u00e2u r\u1ed9ng. Qu\u00e1 tr\u00ecnh n\u00e0y \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c th\u00fac \u0111\u1ea9y b\u1edfi s\u1ef1 ph\u00e1t tri\u1ec3n c\u1ee7a c\u00f4ng ngh\u1ec7 th\u00f4ng tin, giao th\u00f4ng v\u1eadn t\u1ea3i, t\u1ef1 do h\u00f3a th\u01b0\u01a1ng m\u1ea1i.<\/p>\n T\u00ednh \u0111\u1ebfn n\u0103m 2023, Vi\u1ec7t Nam \u0111\u00e3 tham gia 15 Hi\u1ec7p \u0111\u1ecbnh Th\u01b0\u01a1ng m\u1ea1i T\u1ef1 do (FTA), bao g\u1ed3m c\u00e1c hi\u1ec7p \u0111\u1ecbnh quan tr\u1ecdng nh\u01b0 EVFTA – Hi\u1ec7p \u0111\u1ecbnh Th\u01b0\u01a1ng m\u1ea1i T\u1ef1 do Ch\u00e2u \u00c2u-Vi\u1ec7t Nam; RCEP – Hi\u1ec7p \u0111\u1ecbnh \u0110\u1ed1i t\u00e1c Kinh t\u1ebf To\u00e0n di\u1ec7n Khu v\u1ef1c. \u0110i\u1ec1u n\u00e0y \u0111\u00e3 m\u1edf ra c\u01a1 h\u1ed9i l\u1edbn cho xu\u1ea5t kh\u1ea9u v\u00e0 thu h\u00fat \u0111\u1ea7u t\u01b0 n\u01b0\u1edbc ngo\u00e0i.<\/p>\n To\u00e0n c\u1ea7u h\u00f3a mang l\u1ea1i nhi\u1ec1u l\u1ee3i \u00edch nh\u01b0 m\u1edf r\u1ed9ng th\u1ecb tr\u01b0\u1eddng, t\u0103ng c\u01b0\u1eddng chuy\u1ec3n giao c\u00f4ng ngh\u1ec7, t\u1ea1o c\u01a1 h\u1ed9i vi\u1ec7c l\u00e0m. Vi\u1ec7c n\u00e0y c\u0169ng t\u1ea1o ra nh\u1eefng th\u00e1ch th\u1ee9c nh\u01b0 gia t\u0103ng b\u1ea5t b\u00ecnh \u0111\u1eb3ng gi\u1eefa c\u00e1c qu\u1ed1c gia, m\u1ea5t vi\u1ec7c l\u00e0m \u1edf m\u1ed9t s\u1ed1 ng\u00e0nh truy\u1ec1n th\u1ed1ng, t\u00e1c \u0111\u1ed9ng ti\u00eau c\u1ef1c \u0111\u1ebfn m\u00f4i tr\u01b0\u1eddng do gia t\u0103ng v\u1eadn chuy\u1ec3n h\u00e0ng h\u00f3a qu\u1ed1c t\u1ebf.<\/p>\n Nh\u1eefng v\u1ea5n \u0111\u1ec1 n\u00e0y kh\u00f4ng ch\u1ec9 \u1ea3nh h\u01b0\u1edfng \u0111\u1ebfn c\u00e1c qu\u1ed1c gia ri\u00eang l\u1ebb m\u00e0 c\u00f2n t\u00e1c \u0111\u1ed9ng s\u00e2u s\u1eafc \u0111\u1ebfn to\u00e0n b\u1ed9 h\u1ec7 th\u1ed1ng kinh t\u1ebf th\u1ebf gi\u1edbi. H\u00e3y c\u00f9ng ph\u00e2n t\u00edch m\u1ed9t s\u1ed1 th\u00e1ch th\u1ee9c ch\u00ednh m\u00e0 ch\u1ee7 ngh\u0129a t\u01b0 b\u1ea3n \u0111ang ph\u1ea3i \u0111\u1ed1i m\u1eb7t trong th\u1ebf k\u1ef7 21:<\/p>\n B\u1ea5t b\u00ecnh \u0111\u1eb3ng gia t\u0103ng l\u00e0 m\u1ed9t trong nh\u1eefng v\u1ea5n \u0111\u1ec1 nghi\u00eam tr\u1ecdng nh\u1ea5t c\u1ee7a ch\u1ee7 ngh\u0129a t\u01b0 b\u1ea3n to\u00e0n c\u1ea7u hi\u1ec7n nay. Xu h\u01b0\u1edbng n\u00e0y th\u1ec3 hi\u1ec7n qua s\u1ef1 t\u00edch t\u1ee5 c\u1ee7a c\u1ea3i, thu nh\u1eadp v\u00e0o tay m\u1ed9t nh\u00f3m nh\u1ecf c\u00e1c c\u00e1 nh\u00e2n, trong khi ph\u1ea7n l\u1edbn d\u00e2n s\u1ed1 v\u1eabn s\u1ed1ng trong c\u1ea3nh ngh\u00e8o \u0111\u00f3i, d\u1eabn \u0111\u1ebfn kho\u1ea3ng c\u00e1ch gi\u00e0u ngh\u00e8o ng\u00e0y c\u00e0ng gia t\u0103ng.<\/p>\n T\u1ea1i M\u1ef9, t\u1ef7 l\u1ec7 thu nh\u1eadp c\u1ee7a 1% ng\u01b0\u1eddi gi\u00e0u nh\u1ea5t so v\u1edbi 50% ng\u01b0\u1eddi ngh\u00e8o nh\u1ea5t \u0111\u00e3 t\u0103ng t\u1eeb 20 l\u1ea7n v\u00e0o n\u0103m 1980 l\u00ean 65 l\u1ea7n v\u00e0o n\u0103m 2023. B\u1ea5t b\u00ecnh \u0111\u1eb3ng gia t\u0103ng kh\u00f4ng ch\u1ec9 g\u00e2y ra nh\u1eefng v\u1ea5n \u0111\u1ec1 x\u00e3 h\u1ed9i nh\u01b0 t\u1ed9i ph\u1ea1m, b\u1ea5t \u1ed5n ch\u00ednh tr\u1ecb m\u00e0 c\u00f2n c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 l\u00e0m suy y\u1ebfu t\u0103ng tr\u01b0\u1edfng kinh t\u1ebf d\u00e0i h\u1ea1n. B\u1ea5t b\u00ecnh \u0111\u1eb3ng kinh t\u1ebf l\u00e0m gi\u1ea3m c\u01a1 h\u1ed9i ti\u1ebfp c\u1eadn gi\u00e1o d\u1ee5c, y t\u1ebf cho c\u00e1c t\u1ea7ng l\u1edbp thu nh\u1eadp th\u1ea5p, t\u1ea1o ra v\u00f2ng lu\u1ea9n qu\u1ea9n c\u1ee7a \u0111\u00f3i ngh\u00e8o, k\u00e9m ph\u00e1t tri\u1ec3n.<\/p>\n S\u1ef1 ph\u00e1t tri\u1ec3n kh\u00f4ng b\u1ec1n v\u1eefng v\u00e0 ti\u00eau th\u1ee5 t\u00e0i nguy\u00ean thi\u00ean nhi\u00ean qu\u00e1 m\u1ee9c c\u0169ng l\u00e0 m\u1ed9t v\u1ea5n \u0111\u1ec1 nghi\u00eam tr\u1ecdng c\u1ee7a ch\u1ee7 ngh\u0129a t\u01b0 b\u1ea3n. C\u00f4ng nghi\u1ec7p, \u0111\u00f4 th\u1ecb h\u00f3a \u0111\u00e3 g\u00e2y ra \u00f4 nhi\u1ec5m m\u00f4i tr\u01b0\u1eddng, bi\u1ebfn \u0111\u1ed5i kh\u00ed h\u1eadu, suy gi\u1ea3m \u0111a d\u1ea1ng sinh h\u1ecdc.<\/p>\n \u00d4 nhi\u1ec5m kh\u00f4ng kh\u00ed g\u00e2y ra kho\u1ea3ng 7 tri\u1ec7u ca t\u1eed vong s\u1edbm m\u1ed7i n\u0103m tr\u00ean to\u00e0n c\u1ea7u. M\u1ea5t \u0111a d\u1ea1ng sinh h\u1ecdc c\u0169ng \u0111ang di\u1ec5n ra v\u1edbi t\u1ed1c \u0111\u1ed9 ch\u00f3ng m\u1eb7t, v\u1edbi kho\u1ea3ng 1 tri\u1ec7u lo\u00e0i \u0111\u1ed9ng th\u1ef1c v\u1eadt \u0111ang \u0111\u1ee9ng tr\u01b0\u1edbc nguy c\u01a1 tuy\u1ec7t ch\u1ee7ng. Nh\u1eefng v\u1ea5n \u0111\u1ec1 n\u00e0y \u0111\u1eb7t ra th\u00e1ch th\u1ee9c l\u1edbn cho s\u1ef1 ph\u00e1t tri\u1ec3n b\u1ec1n v\u1eefng c\u1ee7a n\u1ec1n kinh t\u1ebf t\u01b0 b\u1ea3n, \u0111\u00f2i h\u1ecfi m\u1ed9t s\u1ef1 chuy\u1ec3n \u0111\u1ed5i c\u0103n b\u1ea3n trong m\u00f4 h\u00ecnh s\u1ea3n xu\u1ea5t – ti\u00eau d\u00f9ng.<\/p>\n \u0110\u1ec3 gi\u1ea3i quy\u1ebft v\u1ea5n \u0111\u1ec1 tr\u00ean, c\u1ea7n c\u00f3 c\u00e1c ch\u00ednh s\u00e1ch b\u1ea3o v\u1ec7 m\u00f4i tr\u01b0\u1eddng v\u00e0 th\u00fac \u0111\u1ea9y s\u1ef1 ph\u00e1t tri\u1ec3n b\u1ec1n v\u1eefng. C\u00e1c doanh nghi\u1ec7p, nh\u00e0 n\u01b0\u1edbc c\u1ea7n h\u1ee3p t\u00e1c \u0111\u1ec3 tri\u1ec3n khai c\u00e1c bi\u1ec7n ph\u00e1p gi\u1ea3m thi\u1ec3u t\u00e1c \u0111\u1ed9ng m\u00f4i tr\u01b0\u1eddng, s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng hi\u1ec7u qu\u1ea3 c\u00e1c ngu\u1ed3n t\u00e0i nguy\u00ean.<\/p>\n Kh\u1ee7ng ho\u1ea3ng t\u00e0i ch\u00ednh to\u00e0n c\u1ea7u l\u00e0 m\u1ed9t r\u1ee7i ro l\u1edbn trong h\u1ec7 th\u1ed1ng kinh t\u1ebf t\u01b0 b\u1ea3n hi\u1ec7n \u0111\u1ea1i – n\u01a1i c\u00e1c th\u1ecb tr\u01b0\u1eddng t\u00e0i ch\u00ednh c\u00f3 m\u1ee9c \u0111\u1ed9 k\u1ebft n\u1ed1i, ph\u1ee5 thu\u1ed9c l\u1eabn nhau ng\u00e0y c\u00e0ng cao. C\u00e1c cu\u1ed9c kh\u1ee7ng ho\u1ea3ng t\u00e0i ch\u00ednh c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 b\u00f9ng ph\u00e1t nhanh ch\u00f3ng sau \u0111\u00f3 lan r\u1ed9ng tr\u00ean ph\u1ea1m vi to\u00e0n c\u1ea7u, g\u00e2y ra nh\u1eefng t\u1ed5n th\u1ea5t kinh t\u1ebf nghi\u00eam tr\u1ecdng.<\/p>\n Cu\u1ed9c kh\u1ee7ng ho\u1ea3ng t\u00e0i ch\u00ednh to\u00e0n c\u1ea7u 2008 – 2009 l\u00e0 m\u1ed9t v\u00ed d\u1ee5 \u0111i\u1ec3n h\u00ecnh, b\u1eaft \u0111\u1ea7u t\u1eeb th\u1ecb tr\u01b0\u1eddng b\u1ea5t \u0111\u1ed9ng s\u1ea3n M\u1ef9 nh\u01b0ng nhanh ch\u00f3ng lan r\u1ed9ng ra to\u00e0n th\u1ebf gi\u1edbi, g\u00e2y ra suy tho\u00e1i kinh t\u1ebf t\u1ea1i nhi\u1ec1u qu\u1ed1c gia. Cu\u1ed9c kh\u1ee7ng ho\u1ea3ng n\u00e0y b\u1eaft ngu\u1ed3n t\u1eeb s\u1ef1 \u0111\u1ea7u c\u01a1 trong th\u1ecb tr\u01b0\u1eddng b\u1ea5t \u0111\u1ed9ng s\u1ea3n v\u00e0 c\u00e1c kho\u1ea3n vay kh\u00f4ng an to\u00e0n, d\u1eabn \u0111\u1ebfn s\u1ef1 s\u1ee5p \u0111\u1ed5 c\u1ee7a nhi\u1ec1u ng\u00e2n h\u00e0ng l\u1edbn k\u00e9o theo s\u1ef1 suy tho\u00e1i kinh t\u1ebf k\u00e9o d\u00e0i. V\u00ec v\u1eady, nh\u00e0 n\u01b0\u1edbc v\u1eabn c\u1ea7n can thi\u1ec7p \u0111\u1ec3 \u1ed5n \u0111\u1ecbnh kinh t\u1ebf c\u0169ng nh\u01b0 b\u1ea3o v\u1ec7 ng\u01b0\u1eddi ti\u00eau d\u00f9ng. C\u00e1c bi\u1ec7n ph\u00e1p nh\u01b0 c\u1ee9u tr\u1ee3 ng\u00e2n h\u00e0ng, ch\u00ednh s\u00e1ch th\u00fac \u0111\u1ea9y kinh t\u1ebf \u0111\u00e3 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c \u00e1p d\u1ee5ng \u0111\u1ec3 gi\u1ea3m thi\u1ec3u t\u00e1c \u0111\u1ed9ng c\u1ee7a cu\u1ed9c kh\u1ee7ng ho\u1ea3ng.<\/p>\n M\u1ea5t c\u00e2n b\u1eb1ng cung – c\u1ea7u lao \u0111\u1ed9ng l\u00e0 m\u1ed9t v\u1ea5n \u0111\u1ec1 ng\u00e0y c\u00e0ng tr\u1edf n\u00ean nghi\u00eam tr\u1ecdng trong n\u1ec1n kinh t\u1ebf t\u01b0 b\u1ea3n hi\u1ec7n \u0111\u1ea1i, \u0111\u1eb7c bi\u1ec7t trong b\u1ed1i c\u1ea3nh C\u00e1ch m\u1ea1ng c\u00f4ng nghi\u1ec7p 4.0. S\u1ef1 ph\u00e1t tri\u1ec3n nhanh ch\u00f3ng c\u1ee7a c\u00f4ng ngh\u1ec7, \u0111\u1eb7c bi\u1ec7t l\u00e0 tr\u00ed tu\u1ec7 nh\u00e2n t\u1ea1o v\u1edbi t\u1ef1 \u0111\u1ed9ng h\u00f3a, \u0111ang thay \u0111\u1ed5i c\u0103n b\u1ea3n c\u1ea5u tr\u00fac th\u1ecb tr\u01b0\u1eddng lao \u0111\u1ed9ng.<\/p>\n Nhi\u1ec1u c\u00f4ng vi\u1ec7c truy\u1ec1n th\u1ed1ng \u0111ang b\u1ecb thay th\u1ebf b\u1edfi m\u00e1y m\u00f3c, nhu c\u1ea7u v\u1ec1 k\u1ef9 n\u0103ng m\u1edbi. T\u1eeb \u0111\u00f3 d\u1eabn \u0111\u1ebfn t\u00ecnh tr\u1ea1ng th\u1ea5t nghi\u1ec7p c\u01a1 c\u1ea5u v\u00e0 s\u1ef1 ph\u00e2n h\u00f3a s\u00e2u s\u1eafc trong l\u1ef1c l\u01b0\u1ee3ng lao \u0111\u1ed9ng, m\u1ed9t b\u1ed9 ph\u1eadn l\u1edbn ng\u01b0\u1eddi lao \u0111\u1ed9ng c\u00f3 nguy c\u01a1 b\u1ecb b\u1ecf l\u1ea1i ph\u00eda sau trong cu\u1ed9c c\u00e1ch m\u1ea1ng c\u00f4ng ngh\u1ec7.<\/p>\n M\u1ed9t s\u1ed1 doanh nghi\u1ec7p c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 gi\u1ea3m chi ph\u00ed b\u1eb1ng c\u00e1ch c\u1eaft gi\u1ea3m quy\u1ec1n l\u1ee3i c\u1ee7a ng\u01b0\u1eddi lao \u0111\u1ed9ng, bao g\u1ed3m ti\u1ec1n l\u01b0\u01a1ng, gi\u1edd l\u00e0m vi\u1ec7c, \u0111i\u1ec1u ki\u1ec7n lao \u0111\u1ed9ng. \u0110i\u1ec1u n\u00e0y d\u1eabn \u0111\u1ebfn s\u1ef1 b\u1ea5t m\u00e3n, c\u0103ng th\u1eb3ng x\u00e3 h\u1ed9i, \u1ea3nh h\u01b0\u1edfng ti\u00eau c\u1ef1c \u0111\u1ebfn s\u1ee9c kh\u1ecfe, ph\u00fac l\u1ee3i c\u1ee7a ng\u01b0\u1eddi lao \u0111\u1ed9ng.<\/p>\n T\u1eadp trung quy\u1ec1n l\u1ef1c kinh t\u1ebf l\u00e0 m\u1ed9t xu h\u01b0\u1edbng \u0111\u00e1ng lo ng\u1ea1i trong ch\u1ee7 ngh\u0129a t\u01b0 b\u1ea3n to\u00e0n c\u1ea7u hi\u1ec7n nay. Qu\u00e1 tr\u00ecnh t\u00edch t\u1ee5 v\u00e0 t\u1eadp trung t\u01b0 b\u1ea3n \u0111\u00e3 d\u1eabn \u0111\u1ebfn s\u1ef1 h\u00ecnh th\u00e0nh c\u1ee7a c\u00e1c t\u1eadp \u0111o\u00e0n kh\u1ed5ng l\u1ed3, c\u00f3 s\u1ee9c m\u1ea1nh kinh t\u1ebf v\u01b0\u1ee3t tr\u1ed9i so v\u1edbi nhi\u1ec1u qu\u1ed1c gia. C\u00e1c t\u1eadp \u0111o\u00e0n n\u00e0y c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng v\u1ecb th\u1ebf th\u1ed1ng tr\u1ecb c\u1ee7a m\u00ecnh \u0111\u1ec3 \u00e1p \u0111\u1eb7t gi\u00e1 c\u1ea3 cao, h\u1ea1n ch\u1ebf s\u1ef1 l\u1ef1a ch\u1ecdn c\u1ee7a ng\u01b0\u1eddi ti\u00eau d\u00f9ng.<\/p>\n Kh\u00f4ng ch\u1ec9 v\u1eady, s\u1ee9c m\u1ea1nh t\u00e0i ch\u00ednh kh\u1ed5ng l\u1ed3 c\u00f2n cho ph\u00e9p c\u00e1c t\u1eadp \u0111o\u00e0n n\u00e0y t\u00e1c \u0111\u1ed9ng \u0111\u1ebfn qu\u00e1 tr\u00ecnh ho\u1ea1ch \u0111\u1ecbnh ch\u00ednh s\u00e1ch c\u1ee7a ch\u00ednh ph\u1ee7. Th\u00f4ng qua ho\u1ea1t \u0111\u1ed9ng v\u1eadn \u0111\u1ed9ng ch\u00ednh tr\u1ecb (lobbying), h\u1ecd c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 g\u00e2y \u1ea3nh h\u01b0\u1edfng \u0111\u1ec3 c\u00e1c ch\u00ednh s\u00e1ch c\u00f3 l\u1ee3i cho m\u00ecnh \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c th\u00f4ng qua. \u0110i\u1ec1u n\u00e0y c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 l\u00e0m suy y\u1ebfu n\u1ec1n d\u00e2n ch\u1ee7, l\u1ee3i \u00edch c\u1ee7a s\u1ed1 \u00edt c\u00f4ng ty l\u1edbn c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 l\u1ea5n \u00e1t l\u1ee3i \u00edch c\u1ee7a s\u1ed1 \u0111\u00f4ng ng\u01b0\u1eddi d\u00e2n.<\/p>\n Ch\u1ee7 ngh\u0129a t\u01b0 b\u1ea3n l\u00e0 g\u00ec<\/strong><\/a>? \u0110\u00f3 l\u00e0 m\u1ed9t h\u1ec7 th\u1ed1ng kinh t\u1ebf d\u1ef1a tr\u00ean quy\u1ec1n s\u1edf h\u1eefu t\u01b0 nh\u00e2n v\u00e0 th\u1ecb tr\u01b0\u1eddng t\u1ef1 do, t\u1ea1o \u0111i\u1ec1u ki\u1ec7n cho s\u1ef1 ph\u00e1t tri\u1ec3n, \u0111\u1ed5i m\u1edbi. M\u1eb7c d\u00f9 c\u00f3 nhi\u1ec1u l\u1ee3i \u00edch, ch\u1ee7 ngh\u0129a t\u01b0 b\u1ea3n c\u0169ng \u0111\u1ed1i m\u1eb7t v\u1edbi nhi\u1ec1u th\u00e1ch th\u1ee9c. Nh\u01b0 v\u1eady, hi\u1ec3u r\u00f5 ch\u1ee7 ngh\u0129a t\u01b0 b\u1ea3n l\u00e0 g\u00ec, c\u00e1ch th\u1ee9c ho\u1ea1t \u0111\u1ed9ng ra sao s\u1ebd gi\u00fap ch\u00fang ta th\u00edch \u1ee9ng trong b\u1ed1i c\u1ea3nh kinh t\u1ebf to\u00e0n c\u1ea7u hi\u1ec7n nay. B\u1ea1n \u0111\u1eebng qu\u00ean theo d\u00f5i jobsgo.vn<\/strong><\/a> \u0111\u1ec3 nh\u1eadn \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c nh\u1eefng th\u00f4ng b\u00e1o m\u1edbi nh\u1ea5t t\u1eeb ch\u00fang t\u00f4i nh\u00e9!<\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":" \u0110\u00e1nh gi\u00e1 post Ch\u1ee7 ngh\u0129a t\u01b0 b\u1ea3n l\u00e0 g\u00ec? H\u1ec7 th\u1ed1ng kinh t\u1ebf n\u00e0y \u0111\u00e3 v\u00e0 \u0111ang \u0111\u1ecbnh h\u00ecnh th\u1ebf gi\u1edbi hi\u1ec7n \u0111\u1ea1i nh\u01b0 th\u1ebf n\u00e0o? B\u00e0i vi\u1ebft n\u00e0y c\u1ee7a JobsGO s\u1ebd ph\u00e2n t\u00edch to\u00e0n di\u1ec7n v\u1ec1 ch\u1ee7 ngh\u0129a t\u01b0…<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":75017,"featured_media":77136,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"closed","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"_yoast_wpseo_focuskw":"Ch\u1ee7 ngh\u0129a t\u01b0 b\u1ea3n l\u00e0 g\u00ec","_yoast_wpseo_title":"Ch\u1ee7 Ngh\u0129a T\u01b0 B\u1ea3n L\u00e0 G\u00ec? C\u00e1i Nh\u00ecn To\u00e0n Di\u1ec7n V\u1ec1 H\u1ec7 Th\u1ed1ng \u0110ang Chi Ph\u1ed1i Cu\u1ed9c S\u1ed1ng %%sep%% %%sitename%%","_yoast_wpseo_metadesc":"Ch\u1ee7 ngh\u0129a t\u01b0 b\u1ea3n l\u00e0 g\u00ec? Ch\u1ee7 ngh\u0129a t\u01b0 b\u1ea3n l\u00e0 ph\u01b0\u01a1ng th\u1ee9c s\u1ea3n xu\u1ea5t \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c h\u00ecnh th\u00e0nh, thay th\u1ebf ph\u01b0\u01a1ng th\u1ee9c s\u1ea3n xu\u1ea5t phong ki\u1ebfn trong l\u1ecbch s\u1eed tr\u01b0\u1edbc \u0111\u00f3.","_yoast_wpseo_focus_keyphrase":"","faq":"1. Ch\u1ee7 Ngh\u0129a T\u01b0 B\u1ea3n Kh\u00e1c V\u1edbi Ch\u1ee7 Ngh\u0129a X\u00e3 H\u1ed9i Nh\u01b0 Th\u1ebf N\u00e0o?\r\n\r\nCh\u1ee7 ngh\u0129a t\u01b0 b\u1ea3n \u0111\u1ec1 cao quy\u1ec1n s\u1edf h\u1eefu t\u01b0 nh\u00e2n c\u00f9ng c\u01a1 ch\u1ebf th\u1ecb tr\u01b0\u1eddng t\u1ef1 do. Ng\u01b0\u1ee3c l\u1ea1i, ch\u1ee7 ngh\u0129a x\u00e3 h\u1ed9i nh\u1ea5n m\u1ea1nh s\u1edf h\u1eefu c\u00f4ng c\u1ed9ng \u0111\u1ed1i v\u1edbi t\u01b0 li\u1ec7u s\u1ea3n xu\u1ea5t, k\u1ebf ho\u1ea1ch h\u00f3a t\u1eadp trung.\r\n\r\n2. T\u1ea1i Sao Ch\u1ee7 Ngh\u0129a T\u01b0 B\u1ea3n L\u1ea1i Ph\u00e1t Tri\u1ec3n M\u1ea1nh M\u1ebd \u1ede Ph\u01b0\u01a1ng T\u00e2y?\r\n\r\n\u0110i\u1ec1u ki\u1ec7n l\u1ecbch s\u1eed, v\u0103n h\u00f3a, th\u1ec3 ch\u1ebf ch\u00ednh tr\u1ecb \u1edf ph\u01b0\u01a1ng T\u00e2y t\u1ea1o m\u00f4i tr\u01b0\u1eddng thu\u1eadn l\u1ee3i cho s\u1ef1 ph\u00e1t tri\u1ec3n c\u1ee7a ch\u1ee7 ngh\u0129a t\u01b0 b\u1ea3n, bao g\u1ed3m truy\u1ec1n th\u1ed1ng t\u00f4n tr\u1ecdng quy\u1ec1n s\u1edf h\u1eefu t\u01b0 nh\u00e2n, th\u00fac \u0111\u1ea9y c\u1ea1nh tranh th\u1ecb tr\u01b0\u1eddng.\r\n\r\n3. Vai Tr\u00f2 C\u1ee7a Nh\u00e0 N\u01b0\u1edbc Trong N\u1ec1n Kinh T\u1ebf T\u01b0 B\u1ea3n Hi\u1ec7n \u0110\u1ea1i L\u00e0 G\u00ec?\r\n\r\nNh\u00e0 n\u01b0\u1edbc \u0111\u00f3ng vai tr\u00f2 quan tr\u1ecdng trong vi\u1ec7c thi\u1ebft l\u1eadp khung ph\u00e1p l\u00fd, duy tr\u00ec \u1ed5n \u0111\u1ecbnh kinh t\u1ebf v\u0129 m\u00f4, cung c\u1ea5p h\u00e0ng h\u00f3a c\u00f4ng c\u1ed9ng c\u0169ng nh\u01b0 \u0111i\u1ec1u ti\u1ebft th\u1ecb tr\u01b0\u1eddng khi c\u1ea7n thi\u1ebft.\r\n","nganh_nghe_chuc_vu_lien_quan":["Chuy\u00ean Vi\u00ean T\u00e0i Ch\u00ednh"]},"categories":[3],"tags":[],"yoast_head":"\n1. Ch\u1ee7 Ngh\u0129a T\u01b0 B\u1ea3n L\u00e0 G\u00ec?<\/strong><\/span><\/h2>\n
2. Qu\u00e1 Tr\u00ecnh H\u00ecnh Th\u00e0nh Ch\u1ee7 Ngh\u0129a T\u01b0 B\u1ea3n<\/strong><\/span><\/h2>\n
\n
3. B\u1ea3n Ch\u1ea5t C\u1ee7a Ch\u1ee7 Ngh\u0129a T\u01b0 B\u1ea3n<\/strong><\/span><\/h2>\n
4. \u0110\u1eb7c \u0110i\u1ec3m C\u1ee7a Ch\u1ee7 Ngh\u0129a T\u01b0 B\u1ea3n<\/strong><\/span><\/h2>\n
4.1 S\u1edf H\u1eefu T\u01b0 Nh\u00e2n \u0110\u1ed1i V\u1edbi T\u01b0 Li\u1ec7u S\u1ea3n Xu\u1ea5t<\/strong><\/span><\/h3>\n
4.2 C\u01a1 Ch\u1ebf Th\u1ecb Tr\u01b0\u1eddng T\u1ef1 Do<\/strong><\/span><\/h3>\n
4.3 S\u1ef1 C\u1ea1nh Tranh V\u00e0 T\u00edch L\u0169y T\u01b0 B\u1ea3n<\/strong><\/span><\/h3>\n
4.4 L\u1ee3i Nhu\u1eadn L\u00e0 \u0110\u1ed9ng L\u1ef1c Ch\u00ednh<\/strong><\/span><\/h3>\n
4.5 H\u1ea1n Ch\u1ebf S\u1ef1 Can Thi\u1ec7p C\u1ee7a Nh\u00e0 N\u01b0\u1edbc<\/strong><\/span><\/h3>\n
4.6 Chu K\u1ef3 Kinh T\u1ebf<\/strong><\/span><\/h3>\n
4.7 To\u00e0n C\u1ea7u H\u00f3a<\/strong><\/span><\/h3>\n
5. Nh\u1eefng V\u1ea5n \u0110\u1ec1 C\u1ee7a Ch\u1ee7 Ngh\u0129a T\u01b0 B\u1ea3n To\u00e0n C\u1ea7u Hi\u1ec7n Nay<\/strong><\/span><\/h2>\n
5.1 B\u1ea5t B\u00ecnh \u0110\u1eb3ng Gia T\u0103ng<\/strong><\/span><\/h3>\n
5.2 T\u00e1c \u0110\u1ed9ng M\u00f4i Tr\u01b0\u1eddng<\/strong><\/span><\/h3>\n
5.3 Kh\u1ee7ng ho\u1ea3ng T\u00e0i Ch\u00ednh To\u00e0n C\u1ea7u<\/strong><\/span><\/h3>\n
5.4 M\u1ea5t C\u00e2n B\u1eb1ng Cung – C\u1ea7u Lao \u0110\u1ed9ng<\/strong><\/span><\/h3>\n
5.5 T\u1eadp Trung Quy\u1ec1n L\u1ef1c Kinh T\u1ebf<\/strong><\/span><\/h3>\n