{"id":86306,"date":"2024-11-14T09:49:00","date_gmt":"2024-11-14T02:49:00","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/jobsgo.vn\/blog\/?p=86306"},"modified":"2024-11-18T15:42:34","modified_gmt":"2024-11-18T08:42:34","slug":"open-source-la-gi","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/jobsgo.vn\/blog\/open-source-la-gi\/","title":{"rendered":"Open Source L\u00e0 G\u00ec? 4 \u1ee8ng D\u1ee5ng C\u1ee7a Open Source"},"content":{"rendered":"\n
Open source l\u00e0 g\u00ec?<\/em><\/strong> \u0110\u00e2y l\u00e0 m\u1ed9t kh\u00e1i ni\u1ec7m \u0111ang ng\u00e0y c\u00e0ng tr\u1edf n\u00ean quen thu\u1ed9c trong th\u1ebf gi\u1edbi c\u00f4ng ngh\u1ec7, \u0111\u1eb7c bi\u1ec7t l\u00e0 \u0111\u1ed1i v\u1edbi nh\u1eefng ai mu\u1ed1n t\u1eadn d\u1ee5ng ph\u1ea7n m\u1ec1m linh ho\u1ea1t, mi\u1ec5n ph\u00ed. V\u1edbi open source, m\u00e3 ngu\u1ed3n \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c c\u00f4ng khai, cho ph\u00e9p c\u1ed9ng \u0111\u1ed3ng c\u00f9ng nhau ph\u00e1t tri\u1ec3n v\u00e0 c\u1ea3i ti\u1ebfn, mang l\u1ea1i nh\u1eefng gi\u1ea3i ph\u00e1p s\u00e1ng t\u1ea1o v\u00e0 hi\u1ec7u qu\u1ea3. H\u00e3y c\u00f9ng JobsGO<\/strong><\/a> t\u00ecm hi\u1ec3u 3 l\u1ee3i \u00edch n\u1ed5i b\u1eadt c\u1ee7a open source trong b\u00e0i vi\u1ebft n\u00e0y nh\u00e9!<\/em><\/p>\n M\u1ee5c l\u1ee5c<\/p> Tr\u01b0\u1edbc khi t\u00ecm hi\u1ec3u open source, ch\u00fang ta c\u00f9ng ph\u00e2n t\u00edch Open l\u00e0 g\u00ec? Source l\u00e0 g\u00ec?<\/strong><\/p>\n “Open” ngh\u0129a l\u00e0 m\u1edf, cho ph\u00e9p m\u1ecdi ng\u01b0\u1eddi truy c\u1eadp v\u00e0 s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng t\u1ef1 do. “Source” l\u00e0 ngu\u1ed3n, \u00e1m ch\u1ec9 m\u00e3 ngu\u1ed3n – ph\u1ea7n c\u01a1 b\u1ea3n c\u1ea5u th\u00e0nh n\u00ean ph\u1ea7n m\u1ec1m. Trong l\u0129nh v\u1ef1c c\u00f4ng ngh\u1ec7 th\u00f4ng tin, open source c\u00f2n \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c g\u1ecdi l\u00e0 m\u00e3 ngu\u1ed3n m\u1edf<\/strong>. V\u1eady m\u00e3 ngu\u1ed3n m\u1edf l\u00e0 g\u00ec?\u00a0<\/strong><\/p>\n M\u00e3 ngu\u1ed3n m\u1edf th\u1ec3 hi\u1ec7n m\u1ed9t tri\u1ebft l\u00fd ph\u00e1t tri\u1ec3n ph\u1ea7n m\u1ec1m \u0111\u1ed9c \u0111\u00e1o, trong \u0111\u00f3 to\u00e0n b\u1ed9 m\u00e3 l\u1ec7nh \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c c\u00f4ng khai r\u1ed9ng r\u00e3i cho c\u1ed9ng \u0111\u1ed3ng ti\u1ebfp c\u1eadn, nghi\u00ean c\u1ee9u v\u00e0 t\u00f9y ch\u1ec9nh. Kh\u00e1i ni\u1ec7m n\u00e0y kh\u00f4ng ch\u1ec9 \u0111\u01a1n thu\u1ea7n l\u00e0 vi\u1ec7c chia s\u1ebb code m\u00e0 c\u00f2n bao h\u00e0m tinh th\u1ea7n h\u1ee3p t\u00e1c, minh b\u1ea1ch v\u00e0 t\u1ef1 do s\u00e1ng t\u1ea1o trong l\u0129nh v\u1ef1c c\u00f4ng ngh\u1ec7. B\u1ea1n c\u00f3 quy\u1ec1n xem x\u00e9t, s\u1eeda \u0111\u1ed5i v\u00e0 ph\u00e2n ph\u1ed1i l\u1ea1i ph\u1ea7n m\u1ec1m theo nhu c\u1ea7u c\u1ee7a m\u00ecnh, mi\u1ec5n l\u00e0 tu\u00e2n th\u1ee7 c\u00e1c \u0111i\u1ec1u kho\u1ea3n gi\u1ea5y ph\u00e9p k\u00e8m theo.<\/p><\/blockquote>\n \u0110i\u1ec3m n\u1ed5i b\u1eadt c\u1ee7a m\u00f4 h\u00ecnh n\u00e0y n\u1eb1m \u1edf kh\u1ea3 n\u0103ng t\u1eadn d\u1ee5ng tr\u00ed tu\u1ec7 t\u1eadp th\u1ec3 t\u1eeb c\u00e1c l\u1eadp tr\u00ecnh vi\u00ean tr\u00ean to\u00e0n c\u1ea7u. Th\u00f4ng qua vi\u1ec7c c\u00f9ng nhau r\u00e0 so\u00e1t, \u0111\u00f3ng g\u00f3p v\u00e0 c\u1ea3i ti\u1ebfn, ch\u1ea5t l\u01b0\u1ee3ng s\u1ea3n ph\u1ea9m \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c n\u00e2ng cao li\u00ean t\u1ee5c. Nh\u1eefng d\u1ef1 \u00e1n ngu\u1ed3n m\u1edf th\u01b0\u1eddng ph\u00e1t tri\u1ec3n nhanh ch\u00f3ng nh\u1edd s\u1ef1 tham gia t\u00edch c\u1ef1c c\u1ee7a c\u1ed9ng \u0111\u1ed3ng, \u0111\u1ed3ng th\u1eddi gi\u00fap gi\u1ea3m thi\u1ec3u chi ph\u00ed ph\u00e1t tri\u1ec3n v\u00e0 b\u1ea3o tr\u00ec. \u0110\u00e2y c\u0169ng l\u00e0 n\u1ec1n t\u1ea3ng quan tr\u1ecdng th\u00fac \u0111\u1ea9y \u0111\u1ed5i m\u1edbi s\u00e1ng t\u1ea1o trong ng\u00e0nh c\u00f4ng ngh\u1ec7 th\u00f4ng tin, khi c\u00e1c nh\u00e0 ph\u00e1t tri\u1ec3n c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 h\u1ecdc h\u1ecfi t\u1eeb code c\u1ee7a nhau v\u00e0 x\u00e2y d\u1ef1ng d\u1ef1a tr\u00ean nh\u1eefng th\u00e0nh qu\u1ea3 \u0111\u00e3 c\u00f3.<\/p>\n M\u00e3 ngu\u1ed3n m\u1edf l\u00e0 n\u1ec1n t\u1ea3ng c\u01a1 b\u1ea3n c\u1ee7a c\u00e1c \u1ee9ng d\u1ee5ng ngu\u1ed3n m\u1edf. V\u1eady ph\u1ea7n m\u1ec1m ngu\u1ed3n m\u1edf l\u00e0 g\u00ec?<\/strong> Ph\u1ea7n m\u1ec1m ngu\u1ed3n m\u1edf l\u00e0 <\/strong>m\u1ed9t lo\u1ea1i \u1ee9ng d\u1ee5ng c\u00f3 m\u00e3 ngu\u1ed3n \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c c\u00f4ng khai, cho ph\u00e9p b\u1ea1n t\u1ef1 do truy c\u1eadp, s\u1eeda \u0111\u1ed5i v\u00e0 ph\u00e2n ph\u1ed1i l\u1ea1i. Kh\u00e1c v\u1edbi c\u00e1c ph\u1ea7n m\u1ec1m th\u01b0\u01a1ng m\u1ea1i c\u00f3 m\u00e3 ngu\u1ed3n \u0111\u00f3ng, ph\u1ea7n m\u1ec1m ngu\u1ed3n m\u1edf kh\u00f4ng gi\u1edbi h\u1ea1n s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng. Nh\u1edd t\u00ednh ch\u1ea5t c\u00f4ng khai c\u1ee7a m\u00e3 ngu\u1ed3n, b\u1ea5t k\u1ef3 ai c\u00f3 ki\u1ebfn th\u1ee9c l\u1eadp tr\u00ecnh \u0111\u1ec1u c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 \u0111\u00f3ng g\u00f3p \u0111\u1ec3 c\u1ea3i ti\u1ebfn ph\u1ea7n m\u1ec1m. N\u00f3 t\u1ea1o ra s\u1ef1 minh b\u1ea1ch, khuy\u1ebfn kh\u00edch c\u1ed9ng \u0111\u1ed3ng tham gia v\u00e0o qu\u00e1 tr\u00ecnh ho\u00e0n thi\u1ec7n ph\u1ea7n m\u1ec1m, gi\u00fap s\u1ea3n ph\u1ea9m ng\u00e0y c\u00e0ng hi\u1ec7u qu\u1ea3 v\u00e0 an to\u00e0n h\u01a1n.<\/p>\n Nh\u1edd t\u00ednh m\u1edf c\u1ee7a m\u00e3 ngu\u1ed3n, b\u1ea1n c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 thay \u0111\u1ed5i, th\u00eam t\u00ednh n\u0103ng ho\u1eb7c t\u1ed1i \u01b0u h\u00f3a ph\u1ea7n m\u1ec1m sao cho ph\u00f9 h\u1ee3p v\u1edbi nhu c\u1ea7u c\u1ee5 th\u1ec3 c\u1ee7a t\u1ed5 ch\u1ee9c ho\u1eb7c c\u00e1 nh\u00e2n. \u0110\u1eb7c \u0111i\u1ec3m n\u00e0y gi\u00fap c\u00e1c doanh nghi\u1ec7p v\u00e0 t\u1ed5 ch\u1ee9c d\u1ec5 d\u00e0ng c\u00e1 nh\u00e2n h\u00f3a c\u00f4ng ngh\u1ec7 \u0111\u1ec3 \u0111\u00e1p \u1ee9ng nhu c\u1ea7u ri\u00eang bi\u1ec7t m\u00e0 kh\u00f4ng ph\u1ee5 thu\u1ed9c v\u00e0o nh\u00e0 cung c\u1ea5p ban \u0111\u1ea7u. C\u00e1c doanh nghi\u1ec7p c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 d\u1ec5 d\u00e0ng t\u00edch h\u1ee3p v\u1edbi c\u00e1c ph\u1ea7n m\u1ec1m kh\u00e1c, gi\u1ea3m chi ph\u00ed ph\u00e1t tri\u1ec3n v\u00e0 duy tr\u00ec h\u1ec7 th\u1ed1ng.<\/p>\n M\u1ed9t \u0111\u1eb7c tr\u01b0ng quan tr\u1ecdng kh\u00e1c l\u00e0 kh\u1ea3 n\u0103ng t\u00f9y bi\u1ebfn linh ho\u1ea1t theo nhu c\u1ea7u c\u1ee5 th\u1ec3. B\u1ea1n \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c trao quy\u1ec1n s\u1eeda \u0111\u1ed5i, \u0111i\u1ec1u ch\u1ec9nh v\u00e0 x\u00e2y d\u1ef1ng c\u00e1c phi\u00ean b\u1ea3n ph\u00e1i sinh t\u1eeb m\u00e3 ngu\u1ed3n g\u1ed1c. Vi\u1ec7c tu\u00e2n th\u1ee7 c\u00e1c chu\u1ea9n m\u1edf v\u00e0 \u0111\u1ecbnh d\u1ea1ng ph\u1ed5 bi\u1ebfn c\u0169ng \u0111\u1ea3m b\u1ea3o kh\u1ea3 n\u0103ng t\u01b0\u01a1ng th\u00edch, t\u00edch h\u1ee3p v\u1edbi c\u00e1c h\u1ec7 th\u1ed1ng kh\u00e1c, tr\u00e1nh t\u00ecnh tr\u1ea1ng ph\u1ee5 thu\u1ed9c v\u00e0o m\u1ed9t nh\u00e0 cung c\u1ea5p duy nh\u1ea5t.<\/p>\n Tr\u01b0\u1edbc khi l\u1ef1a ch\u1ecdn m\u00e3 ngu\u1ed3n m\u1edf, vi\u1ec7c c\u00e2n nh\u1eafc k\u1ef9 l\u01b0\u1ee1ng v\u1ec1 c\u00e1c \u01b0u v\u00e0 nh\u01b0\u1ee3c \u0111i\u1ec3m c\u1ee7a n\u00f3 l\u00e0 \u0111i\u1ec1u c\u1ea7n thi\u1ebft. D\u01b0\u1edbi \u0111\u00e2y l\u00e0 nh\u1eefng l\u1ee3i \u00edch v\u00e0 h\u1ea1n ch\u1ebf ch\u00ednh m\u00e0 b\u1ea1n c\u1ea7n bi\u1ebft \u0111\u1ec3 \u0111\u00e1nh gi\u00e1 li\u1ec7u open source c\u00f3 ph\u00f9 h\u1ee3p v\u1edbi nhu c\u1ea7u c\u1ee7a m\u00ecnh hay kh\u00f4ng.<\/p>\n Ph\u1ea7n m\u1ec1m ngu\u1ed3n m\u1edf \u0111\u00e3 v\u00e0 \u0111ang ch\u1ee9ng minh \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c nhi\u1ec1u \u01b0u \u0111i\u1ec3m v\u01b0\u1ee3t tr\u1ed9i trong qu\u00e1 tr\u00ecnh ph\u00e1t tri\u1ec3n nh\u01b0:<\/p>\n Vi\u1ec7c s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng c\u00e1c gi\u1ea3i ph\u00e1p ngu\u1ed3n m\u1edf gi\u00fap doanh nghi\u1ec7p v\u00e0 c\u00e1 nh\u00e2n ti\u1ebft ki\u1ec7m \u0111\u00e1ng k\u1ec3 ng\u00e2n s\u00e1ch \u0111\u1ea7u t\u01b0 ban \u0111\u1ea7u. Thay v\u00ec ph\u1ea3i chi tr\u1ea3 nh\u1eefng kho\u1ea3n ph\u00ed b\u1ea3n quy\u1ec1n l\u1edbn, b\u1ea1n ch\u1ec9 c\u1ea7n \u0111\u1ea7u t\u01b0 v\u00e0o chi ph\u00ed tri\u1ec3n khai v\u00e0 \u0111\u00e0o t\u1ea1o nh\u00e2n s\u1ef1. Open source \u0111\u1eb7c bi\u1ec7t ph\u00f9 h\u1ee3p v\u1edbi c\u00e1c doanh nghi\u1ec7p v\u1eeba v\u00e0 nh\u1ecf, startup \u0111ang trong giai \u0111o\u1ea1n \u0111\u1ea7u ph\u00e1t tri\u1ec3n. Trong d\u00e0i h\u1ea1n, vi\u1ec7c kh\u00f4ng ph\u1ee5 thu\u1ed9c v\u00e0o m\u1ed9t nh\u00e0 cung c\u1ea5p duy nh\u1ea5t c\u00f2n gi\u00fap t\u1ed5 ch\u1ee9c ch\u1ee7 \u0111\u1ed9ng h\u01a1n trong vi\u1ec7c qu\u1ea3n l\u00fd ng\u00e2n s\u00e1ch v\u00e0 tr\u00e1nh b\u1ecb \u00e1p \u0111\u1eb7t v\u1ec1 gi\u00e1 c\u1ea3.<\/p>\n C\u00e1c t\u1ed5 ch\u1ee9c c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 thay \u0111\u1ed5i ph\u1ea7n m\u1ec1m theo nhu c\u1ea7u c\u1ee5 th\u1ec3 m\u00e0 kh\u00f4ng ph\u1ea3i tr\u1ea3 th\u00eam ph\u00ed b\u1ea3n quy\u1ec1n hay chi ph\u00ed duy tr\u00ec ph\u1ea7n m\u1ec1m. N\u00f3 t\u1ea1o ra s\u1ef1 linh ho\u1ea1t v\u00e0 t\u1ed1i \u01b0u h\u00f3a chi ph\u00ed d\u00e0i h\u1ea1n, gi\u00fap doanh nghi\u1ec7p c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 ph\u00e1t tri\u1ec3n m\u00e0 kh\u00f4ng c\u1ea7n qu\u00e1 lo l\u1eafng v\u1ec1 c\u00e1c kho\u1ea3n chi ph\u00ed kh\u00f4ng c\u1ea7n thi\u1ebft trong su\u1ed1t qu\u00e1 tr\u00ecnh s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng.<\/p>\n Vi\u1ec7c c\u00f3 quy\u1ec1n truy c\u1eadp v\u00e0 ch\u1ec9nh s\u1eeda m\u00e3 ngu\u1ed3n t\u1ea1o \u0111i\u1ec1u ki\u1ec7n cho b\u1ea1n \u0111i\u1ec1u ch\u1ec9nh ph\u1ea7n m\u1ec1m theo \u0111\u00fang nhu c\u1ea7u th\u1ef1c t\u1ebf. C\u00e1c t\u1ed5 ch\u1ee9c c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 th\u00eam t\u00ednh n\u0103ng m\u1edbi, t\u1ed1i \u01b0u hi\u1ec7u su\u1ea5t ho\u1eb7c t\u00edch h\u1ee3p v\u1edbi c\u00e1c h\u1ec7 th\u1ed1ng s\u1eb5n c\u00f3 m\u00e0 kh\u00f4ng c\u1ea7n ch\u1edd \u0111\u1ee3i nh\u00e0 ph\u00e1t tri\u1ec3n g\u1ed1c. T\u00ednh linh ho\u1ea1t n\u00e0y ph\u00f9 h\u1ee3p trong m\u00f4i tr\u01b0\u1eddng kinh doanh n\u0103ng \u0111\u1ed9ng, n\u01a1i c\u00e1c y\u00eau c\u1ea7u c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 thay \u0111\u1ed5i nhanh ch\u00f3ng v\u00e0 \u0111\u00f2i h\u1ecfi kh\u1ea3 n\u0103ng th\u00edch \u1ee9ng cao t\u1eeb h\u1ec7 th\u1ed1ng c\u00f4ng ngh\u1ec7 th\u00f4ng tin.<\/p>\n V\u00ed d\u1ee5, m\u1ed9t c\u00f4ng ty c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 t\u00f9y ch\u1ec9nh h\u1ec7 th\u1ed1ng qu\u1ea3n l\u00fd doanh nghi\u1ec7p ngu\u1ed3n m\u1edf \u0111\u1ec3 ph\u00f9 h\u1ee3p v\u1edbi quy tr\u00ecnh l\u00e0m vi\u1ec7c ri\u00eang, th\u00eam c\u00e1c module m\u1edbi ho\u1eb7c t\u00edch h\u1ee3p v\u1edbi c\u00e1c \u1ee9ng d\u1ee5ng s\u1eb5n c\u00f3. C\u00e1c tr\u01b0\u1eddng \u0111\u1ea1i h\u1ecdc c\u0169ng th\u01b0\u1eddng \u0111i\u1ec1u ch\u1ec9nh ph\u1ea7n m\u1ec1m h\u1ecdc tr\u1ef1c tuy\u1ebfn m\u00e3 ngu\u1ed3n m\u1edf \u0111\u1ec3 \u0111\u00e1p \u1ee9ng ph\u01b0\u01a1ng ph\u00e1p gi\u1ea3ng d\u1ea1y \u0111\u1ed9c \u0111\u00e1o.<\/p>\n C\u00e1c d\u1ef1 \u00e1n ngu\u1ed3n m\u1edf th\u01b0\u1eddng thu h\u00fat \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c s\u1ef1 quan t\u00e2m v\u00e0 \u0111\u00f3ng g\u00f3p t\u1eeb c\u1ed9ng \u0111\u1ed3ng l\u1eadp tr\u00ecnh vi\u00ean to\u00e0n c\u1ea7u. \u0110i\u1ec1u n\u00e0y t\u1ea1o n\u00ean m\u1ed9t m\u1ea1ng l\u01b0\u1edbi h\u1ed7 tr\u1ee3 \u0111a d\u1ea1ng, t\u1eeb vi\u1ec7c gi\u1ea3i \u0111\u00e1p th\u1eafc m\u1eafc k\u1ef9 thu\u1eadt \u0111\u1ebfn chia s\u1ebb kinh nghi\u1ec7m tri\u1ec3n khai th\u1ef1c t\u1ebf. B\u1ea1n c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 d\u1ec5 d\u00e0ng t\u00ecm ki\u1ebfm gi\u1ea3i ph\u00e1p cho c\u00e1c v\u1ea5n \u0111\u1ec1 g\u1eb7p ph\u1ea3i th\u00f4ng qua c\u00e1c di\u1ec5n \u0111\u00e0n, t\u00e0i li\u1ec7u h\u01b0\u1edbng d\u1eabn v\u00e0 k\u00eanh trao \u0111\u1ed5i tr\u1ef1c tuy\u1ebfn. S\u1ef1 s\u1eb5n c\u00f3 c\u1ee7a ngu\u1ed3n t\u00e0i nguy\u00ean phong ph\u00fa n\u00e0y g\u00f3p ph\u1ea7n gi\u1ea3m thi\u1ec3u th\u1eddi gian v\u00e0 c\u00f4ng s\u1ee9c c\u1ea7n thi\u1ebft \u0111\u1ec3 l\u00e0m ch\u1ee7 c\u00f4ng ngh\u1ec7 m\u1edbi.<\/p>\n C\u00e1c d\u1ef1 \u00e1n ngu\u1ed3n m\u1edf l\u1edbn nh\u01b0 Linux, Apache hay WordPress c\u00f3 h\u00e0ng tri\u1ec7u ng\u01b0\u1eddi \u0111\u00f3ng g\u00f3p, t\u1ea1o n\u00ean m\u1ed9t kho t\u00e0ng tri th\u1ee9c v\u00e0 kinh nghi\u1ec7m kh\u1ed5ng l\u1ed3. S\u1ef1 \u0111a d\u1ea1ng c\u1ee7a c\u1ed9ng \u0111\u1ed3ng c\u0169ng mang l\u1ea1i nhi\u1ec1u g\u00f3c nh\u00ecn v\u00e0 \u00fd t\u01b0\u1edfng m\u1edbi, th\u00fac \u0111\u1ea9y s\u1ef1 s\u00e1ng t\u1ea1o v\u00e0 c\u1ea3i ti\u1ebfn li\u00ean t\u1ee5c trong ph\u00e1t tri\u1ec3n ph\u1ea7n m\u1ec1m.<\/p>\n Ngo\u00e0i nh\u1eefng \u01b0u \u0111i\u1ec3m tr\u00ean, Open Source v\u1eabn t\u1ed3n t\u1ea1i m\u1ed9t s\u1ed1 h\u1ea1n ch\u1ebf ti\u1ec1m \u1ea9n nh\u01b0:<\/p>\n C\u00e1c gi\u1ea3i ph\u00e1p ngu\u1ed3n m\u1edf th\u01b0\u1eddng \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c thi\u1ebft k\u1ebf v\u1edbi t\u01b0 duy \u0111a n\u0103ng, t\u00edch h\u1ee3p nhi\u1ec1u t\u00ednh n\u0103ng \u0111\u1ec3 ph\u1ee5c v\u1ee5 \u0111a d\u1ea1ng \u0111\u1ed1i t\u01b0\u1ee3ng ng\u01b0\u1eddi d\u00f9ng. N\u00f3 d\u1eabn \u0111\u1ebfn t\u00ecnh tr\u1ea1ng d\u01b0 th\u1eeba m\u00e3 l\u1ec7nh, l\u00e0m n\u1eb7ng h\u1ec7 th\u1ed1ng v\u00e0 \u1ea3nh h\u01b0\u1edfng \u0111\u1ebfn hi\u1ec7u su\u1ea5t ho\u1ea1t \u0111\u1ed9ng. Nhi\u1ec1u module kh\u00f4ng c\u1ea7n thi\u1ebft v\u1eabn \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c c\u00e0i \u0111\u1eb7t s\u1eb5n, chi\u1ebfm d\u1ee5ng t\u00e0i nguy\u00ean m\u00e1y ch\u1ee7 v\u00e0 c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 g\u00e2y ch\u1eadm tr\u1ec5 trong qu\u00e1 tr\u00ecnh x\u1eed l\u00fd.<\/p>\n Ng\u01b0\u1ee3c l\u1ea1i, khi doanh nghi\u1ec7p c\u1ea7n nh\u1eefng t\u00ednh n\u0103ng \u0111\u1eb7c bi\u1ec7t ph\u1ee5c v\u1ee5 quy tr\u00ecnh ri\u00eang, h\u1ecd th\u01b0\u1eddng ph\u1ea3i \u0111\u1ed1i m\u1eb7t v\u1edbi vi\u1ec7c thi\u1ebfu h\u1ee5t c\u00e1c module chuy\u00ean bi\u1ec7t. Vi\u1ec7c b\u1ed5 sung, ch\u1ec9nh s\u1eeda \u0111\u1ec3 \u0111\u00e1p \u1ee9ng y\u00eau c\u1ea7u \u0111\u1eb7c th\u00f9 \u0111\u00f2i h\u1ecfi ki\u1ebfn th\u1ee9c chuy\u00ean s\u00e2u v\u1ec1 h\u1ec7 th\u1ed1ng v\u00e0 c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 t\u1ed1n nhi\u1ec1u th\u1eddi gian, c\u00f4ng s\u1ee9c h\u01a1n so v\u1edbi ph\u00e1t tri\u1ec3n m\u1ed9t gi\u1ea3i ph\u00e1p ri\u00eang t\u1eeb \u0111\u1ea7u.<\/p>\n T\u00ednh ch\u1ea5t m\u1edf c\u1ee7a m\u00e3 ngu\u1ed3n, m\u1eb7c d\u00f9 l\u00e0 m\u1ed9t \u01b0u \u0111i\u1ec3m v\u1ec1 m\u1eb7t ph\u00e1t tri\u1ec3n, nh\u01b0ng l\u1ea1i t\u1ea1o ra nh\u1eefng l\u1ed7 h\u1ed5ng b\u1ea3o m\u1eadt ti\u1ec1m \u1ea9n. K\u1ebb t\u1ea5n c\u00f4ng c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 d\u1ec5 d\u00e0ng nghi\u00ean c\u1ee9u, ph\u00e2n t\u00edch c\u1ea5u tr\u00fac code \u0111\u1ec3 t\u00ecm ra \u0111i\u1ec3m y\u1ebfu v\u00e0 th\u1ef1c hi\u1ec7n c\u00e1c cu\u1ed9c t\u1ea5n c\u00f4ng c\u00f3 ch\u1ee7 \u0111\u00edch. \u0110\u1eb7c bi\u1ec7t v\u1edbi c\u00e1c phi\u00ean b\u1ea3n ph\u1ed5 bi\u1ebfn, m\u1ed9t khi l\u1ed7 h\u1ed5ng \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c ph\u00e1t hi\u1ec7n, tin t\u1eb7c c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 t\u1eadn d\u1ee5ng \u0111\u1ec3 t\u1ea5n c\u00f4ng h\u00e0ng lo\u1ea1t h\u1ec7 th\u1ed1ng s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng c\u00f9ng n\u1ec1n t\u1ea3ng.<\/p>\n Vi\u1ec7c c\u1ed9ng \u0111\u1ed3ng th\u01b0\u1eddng xuy\u00ean ph\u00e1t hi\u1ec7n v\u00e0 v\u00e1 c\u00e1c l\u1ed7i b\u1ea3o m\u1eadt c\u0169ng \u0111\u1ed3ng ngh\u0129a v\u1edbi vi\u1ec7c ng\u01b0\u1eddi d\u00f9ng ph\u1ea3i li\u00ean t\u1ee5c c\u1eadp nh\u1eadt, ki\u1ec3m tra h\u1ec7 th\u1ed1ng. Trong m\u00f4i tr\u01b0\u1eddng doanh nghi\u1ec7p, \u0111i\u1ec1u n\u00e0y t\u1ea1o ra g\u00e1nh n\u1eb7ng cho \u0111\u1ed9i ng\u0169 IT v\u00e0 ti\u1ec1m \u1ea9n r\u1ee7i ro n\u1ebfu kh\u00f4ng \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c th\u1ef1c hi\u1ec7n k\u1ecbp th\u1eddi. C\u00e1c b\u1ea3n v\u00e1 kh\u00f4ng ch\u00ednh th\u1ee9c t\u1eeb c\u1ed9ng \u0111\u1ed3ng \u0111\u00f4i khi c\u00f2n c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 g\u00e2y ra nh\u1eefng v\u1ea5n \u0111\u1ec1 m\u1edbi v\u1ec1 t\u01b0\u01a1ng th\u00edch v\u00e0 \u1ed5n \u0111\u1ecbnh.<\/p>\n Ph\u1ea7n m\u1ec1m ngu\u1ed3n m\u1edf \u0111\u00e3 v\u00e0 \u0111ang \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c \u1ee9ng d\u1ee5ng r\u1ed9ng r\u00e3i trong nhi\u1ec1u l\u0129nh v\u1ef1c kh\u00e1c nhau c\u1ee7a \u0111\u1eddi s\u1ed1ng, \u0111i\u1ec3n h\u00ecnh nh\u01b0:<\/p>\n RedHat Enterprise Linux (RHEL) \u0111\u00e3 tr\u1edf th\u00e0nh m\u1ed9t trong nh\u1eefng h\u1ec7 \u0111i\u1ec1u h\u00e0nh ngu\u1ed3n m\u1edf \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c tin c\u1eady nh\u1ea5t trong m\u00f4i tr\u01b0\u1eddng kinh doanh. V\u1edbi ki\u1ebfn tr\u00fac \u1ed5n \u0111\u1ecbnh v\u00e0 kh\u1ea3 n\u0103ng b\u1ea3o m\u1eadt cao, RHEL \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng r\u1ed9ng r\u00e3i trong c\u00e1c trung t\u00e2m d\u1eef li\u1ec7u, m\u00e1y ch\u1ee7 \u0111\u00e1m m\u00e2y v\u00e0 h\u1ec7 th\u1ed1ng quan tr\u1ecdng c\u1ee7a nhi\u1ec1u t\u1ed5 ch\u1ee9c l\u1edbn. N\u1ec1n t\u1ea3ng n\u00e0y kh\u00f4ng ch\u1ec9 cung c\u1ea5p c\u00e1c c\u00f4ng c\u1ee5 qu\u1ea3n l\u00fd hi\u1ec7u qu\u1ea3 m\u00e0 c\u00f2n h\u1ed7 tr\u1ee3 \u0111a d\u1ea1ng \u1ee9ng d\u1ee5ng doanh nghi\u1ec7p.<\/p>\n \u0110i\u1ec3m m\u1ea1nh c\u1ee7a RedHat n\u1eb1m \u1edf h\u1ec7 sinh th\u00e1i phong ph\u00fa c\u00e1c gi\u1ea3i ph\u00e1p t\u00edch h\u1ee3p, t\u1eeb n\u1ec1n t\u1ea3ng \u0111i\u1ec7n to\u00e1n \u0111\u00e1m m\u00e2y OpenShift \u0111\u1ebfn c\u00e1c c\u00f4ng c\u1ee5 t\u1ef1 \u0111\u1ed9ng h\u00f3a nh\u01b0 Ansible. Ph\u1ea7n m\u1ec1m c\u0169ng cung c\u1ea5p d\u1ecbch v\u1ee5 h\u1ed7 tr\u1ee3 chuy\u00ean nghi\u1ec7p 24\/7, \u0111\u00e0o t\u1ea1o v\u00e0 ch\u1ee9ng ch\u1ec9 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c c\u00f4ng nh\u1eadn to\u00e0n c\u1ea7u, gi\u00fap doanh nghi\u1ec7p tri\u1ec3n khai v\u00e0 v\u1eadn h\u00e0nh h\u1ec7 th\u1ed1ng m\u1ed9t c\u00e1ch hi\u1ec7u qu\u1ea3.<\/p>\n LibreOffice \u0111\u00e3 kh\u1eb3ng \u0111\u1ecbnh v\u1ecb th\u1ebf l\u00e0 gi\u1ea3i ph\u00e1p thay th\u1ebf mi\u1ec5n ph\u00ed v\u00e0 m\u1ea1nh m\u1ebd cho Microsoft Office. B\u1ed9 \u1ee9ng d\u1ee5ng n\u00e0y bao g\u1ed3m \u0111\u1ea7y \u0111\u1ee7 c\u00e1c c\u00f4ng c\u1ee5 thi\u1ebft y\u1ebfu nh\u01b0 Writer (x\u1eed l\u00fd v\u0103n b\u1ea3n), Calc (b\u1ea3ng t\u00ednh), Impress (tr\u00ecnh chi\u1ebfu), Draw (\u0111\u1ed3 h\u1ecda vector), Base (qu\u1ea3n l\u00fd c\u01a1 s\u1edf d\u1eef li\u1ec7u) v\u00e0 Math (c\u00f4ng th\u1ee9c to\u00e1n h\u1ecdc). Kh\u1ea3 n\u0103ng t\u01b0\u01a1ng th\u00edch cao v\u1edbi c\u00e1c \u0111\u1ecbnh d\u1ea1ng t\u00e0i li\u1ec7u ph\u1ed5 bi\u1ebfn gi\u00fap ng\u01b0\u1eddi d\u00f9ng d\u1ec5 d\u00e0ng chuy\u1ec3n \u0111\u1ed5i t\u1eeb c\u00e1c ph\u1ea7n m\u1ec1m \u0111\u1ed9c quy\u1ec1n.<\/p>\n \u0110\u1eb7c bi\u1ec7t, LibreOffice h\u1ed7 tr\u1ee3 nhi\u1ec1u ng\u00f4n ng\u1eef, trong \u0111\u00f3 c\u00f3 c\u1ea3 ti\u1ebfng Vi\u1ec7t v\u00e0 giao di\u1ec7n \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c thay \u0111\u1ed5i linh ho\u1ea1t theo nhu c\u1ea7u ng\u01b0\u1eddi d\u00f9ng. Ph\u1ea7n m\u1ec1m th\u01b0\u1eddng xuy\u00ean \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c c\u1eadp nh\u1eadt t\u00ednh n\u0103ng m\u1edbi, \u0111\u1ea3m b\u1ea3o tr\u1ea3i nghi\u1ec7m s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng \u1ed5n \u0111\u1ecbnh v\u00e0 an to\u00e0n cho ng\u01b0\u1eddi d\u00f9ng c\u00e1 nh\u00e2n l\u1eabn t\u1ed5 ch\u1ee9c.<\/p>\n GNU Image Manipulation Program (GIMP) cung c\u1ea5p b\u1ed9 c\u00f4ng c\u1ee5 ch\u1ec9nh s\u1eeda \u1ea3nh chuy\u00ean nghi\u1ec7p v\u1edbi kh\u1ea3 n\u0103ng x\u1eed l\u00fd m\u1ea1nh m\u1ebd t\u01b0\u01a1ng \u0111\u01b0\u01a1ng Adobe Photoshop. Ph\u1ea7n m\u1ec1m h\u1ed7 tr\u1ee3 \u0111a d\u1ea1ng \u0111\u1ecbnh d\u1ea1ng file, t\u1eeb JPEG, PNG \u0111\u1ebfn c\u00e1c \u0111\u1ecbnh d\u1ea1ng chuy\u00ean d\u1ee5ng nh\u01b0 RAW. Ng\u01b0\u1eddi d\u00f9ng c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 th\u1ef1c hi\u1ec7n c\u00e1c thao t\u00e1c ph\u1ee9c t\u1ea1p nh\u01b0 ch\u1ec9nh s\u1eeda m\u00e0u s\u1eafc, l\u00e0m vi\u1ec7c v\u1edbi layer, t\u1ea1o hi\u1ec7u \u1ee9ng \u0111\u1eb7c bi\u1ec7t v\u00e0 thi\u1ebft k\u1ebf banner, logo.<\/p>\n GIMP c\u00f2n n\u1ed5i b\u1eadt v\u1edbi h\u1ec7 th\u1ed1ng plugin phong ph\u00fa, cho ph\u00e9p m\u1edf r\u1ed9ng t\u00ednh n\u0103ng theo nhu c\u1ea7u c\u1ee5 th\u1ec3. Giao di\u1ec7n c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 t\u00f9y ch\u1ec9nh linh ho\u1ea1t, ph\u00f9 h\u1ee3p v\u1edbi nhi\u1ec1u quy tr\u00ecnh l\u00e0m vi\u1ec7c kh\u00e1c nhau. C\u1ed9ng \u0111\u1ed3ng ng\u01b0\u1eddi d\u00f9ng l\u1edbn m\u1ea1nh cung c\u1ea5p nhi\u1ec1u t\u00e0i nguy\u00ean h\u1ecdc t\u1eadp, h\u01b0\u1edbng d\u1eabn v\u00e0 c\u00f4ng c\u1ee5 b\u1ed5 sung, gi\u00fap ng\u01b0\u1eddi m\u1edbi d\u1ec5 d\u00e0ng ti\u1ebfp c\u1eadn, ph\u00e1t tri\u1ec3n k\u1ef9 n\u0103ng.<\/p>\n VLC Media Player n\u1ed5i ti\u1ebfng v\u1edbi kh\u1ea3 n\u0103ng ph\u00e1t h\u1ea7u h\u1ebft c\u00e1c \u0111\u1ecbnh d\u1ea1ng \u00e2m thanh v\u00e0 video m\u00e0 kh\u00f4ng c\u1ea7n c\u00e0i \u0111\u1eb7t code b\u1ed5 sung. Ph\u1ea7n m\u1ec1m h\u1ed7 tr\u1ee3 ph\u00e1t streaming, chuy\u1ec3n \u0111\u1ed5i \u0111\u1ecbnh d\u1ea1ng file, th\u1eadm ch\u00ed c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 ph\u00e1t c\u00e1c file media b\u1ecb l\u1ed7i. T\u00ednh n\u0103ng \u0111i\u1ec1u ch\u1ec9nh \u00e2m thanh, video n\u00e2ng cao gi\u00fap ng\u01b0\u1eddi d\u00f9ng t\u1ed1i \u01b0u tr\u1ea3i nghi\u1ec7m xem theo \u00fd th\u00edch.<\/p>\n B\u00ean c\u1ea1nh c\u00e1c t\u00ednh n\u0103ng c\u01a1 b\u1ea3n, VLC c\u00f2n cung c\u1ea5p nhi\u1ec1u c\u00f4ng c\u1ee5 h\u1eefu \u00edch nh\u01b0 ghi m\u00e0n h\u00ecnh, ch\u1ee5p \u1ea3nh t\u1eeb video, \u0111\u1ed3ng b\u1ed9 ph\u1ee5 \u0111\u1ec1 v\u00e0 \u0111i\u1ec1u ch\u1ec9nh t\u1ed1c \u0111\u1ed9 ph\u00e1t. Ph\u1ea7n m\u1ec1m ho\u1ea1t \u0111\u1ed9ng hi\u1ec7u qu\u1ea3 tr\u00ean nhi\u1ec1u n\u1ec1n t\u1ea3ng kh\u00e1c nhau, t\u1eeb m\u00e1y t\u00ednh \u0111\u1ec3 b\u00e0n \u0111\u1ebfn thi\u1ebft b\u1ecb di \u0111\u1ed9ng, smart TV, \u0111\u00e1p \u1ee9ng \u0111a d\u1ea1ng nhu c\u1ea7u s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng trong th\u1eddi \u0111\u1ea1i s\u1ed1.<\/p>\n Xu h\u01b0\u1edbng ph\u00e1t tri\u1ec3n c\u1ee7a m\u00e3 ngu\u1ed3n m\u1edf \u0111ang cho th\u1ea5y nh\u1eefng chuy\u1ec3n bi\u1ebfn t\u00edch c\u1ef1c v\u00e0 \u0111\u1ea7y tri\u1ec3n v\u1ecdng. C\u00e1c doanh nghi\u1ec7p l\u1edbn nh\u01b0 Microsoft, Google, IBM \u0111\u00e3 v\u00e0 \u0111ang \u0111\u1ea7u t\u01b0 m\u1ea1nh m\u1ebd v\u00e0o vi\u1ec7c ph\u00e1t tri\u1ec3n, h\u1ed7 tr\u1ee3 c\u00e1c d\u1ef1 \u00e1n ngu\u1ed3n m\u1edf, t\u1ea1o n\u00ean m\u1ed9t l\u00e0n s\u00f3ng \u0111\u1ed5i m\u1edbi trong c\u1ed9ng \u0111\u1ed3ng c\u00f4ng ngh\u1ec7 to\u00e0n c\u1ea7u. Nh\u1eefng n\u1ec1n t\u1ea3ng nh\u01b0 GitHub, GitLab \u0111\u00e3 tr\u1edf th\u00e0nh trung t\u00e2m c\u1ee7a s\u1ef1 \u0111\u1ed5i m\u1edbi s\u00e1ng t\u1ea1o, n\u01a1i c\u00e1c nh\u00e0 ph\u00e1t tri\u1ec3n t\u1eeb kh\u1eafp n\u01a1i tr\u00ean th\u1ebf gi\u1edbi c\u00f9ng h\u1ee3p t\u00e1c, chia s\u1ebb v\u00e0 x\u00e2y d\u1ef1ng nh\u1eefng gi\u1ea3i ph\u00e1p c\u00f4ng ngh\u1ec7 ti\u00ean ti\u1ebfn.<\/p>\n Trong b\u1ed1i c\u1ea3nh chuy\u1ec3n \u0111\u1ed5i s\u1ed1 \u0111ang di\u1ec5n ra m\u1ea1nh m\u1ebd, c\u00e1c c\u00f4ng ngh\u1ec7 m\u1edbi nh\u01b0 tr\u00ed tu\u1ec7 nh\u00e2n t\u1ea1o, blockchain, \u0111i\u1ec7n to\u00e1n \u0111\u00e1m m\u00e2y \u0111\u1ec1u c\u00f3 s\u1ef1 hi\u1ec7n di\u1ec7n \u0111\u00e1ng k\u1ec3 c\u1ee7a c\u00e1c d\u1ef1 \u00e1n ngu\u1ed3n m\u1edf. TensorFlow c\u1ee7a Google, Hyperledger c\u1ee7a Linux Foundation hay OpenStack \u0111ang d\u1eabn d\u1eaft s\u1ef1 ph\u00e1t tri\u1ec3n trong c\u00e1c l\u0129nh v\u1ef1c t\u01b0\u01a1ng \u1ee9ng. Xu h\u01b0\u1edbng n\u00e0y kh\u00f4ng ch\u1ec9 gi\u00fap \u0111\u1ea9y nhanh t\u1ed1c \u0111\u1ed9 \u0111\u1ed5i m\u1edbi s\u00e1ng t\u1ea1o m\u00e0 c\u00f2n t\u1ea1o \u0111i\u1ec1u ki\u1ec7n cho vi\u1ec7c ti\u1ebfp c\u1eadn c\u00f4ng ngh\u1ec7 tr\u1edf n\u00ean d\u1ec5 d\u00e0ng v\u00e0 c\u00f4ng b\u1eb1ng h\u01a1n cho m\u1ecdi \u0111\u1ed1i t\u01b0\u1ee3ng.<\/p>\n M\u1ed9t kh\u00eda c\u1ea1nh \u0111\u00e1ng ch\u00fa \u00fd kh\u00e1c l\u00e0 s\u1ef1 gia t\u0103ng c\u1ee7a c\u00e1c m\u00f4 h\u00ecnh kinh doanh d\u1ef1a tr\u00ean ngu\u1ed3n m\u1edf. Nhi\u1ec1u c\u00f4ng ty \u0111\u00e3 th\u00e0nh c\u00f4ng trong vi\u1ec7c x\u00e2y d\u1ef1ng c\u00e1c d\u1ecbch v\u1ee5 chuy\u00ean nghi\u1ec7p xung quanh s\u1ea3n ph\u1ea9m ngu\u1ed3n m\u1edf, t\u1eeb t\u01b0 v\u1ea5n tri\u1ec3n khai, \u0111\u00e0o t\u1ea1o \u0111\u1ebfn h\u1ed7 tr\u1ee3 k\u1ef9 thu\u1eadt. Xu h\u01b0\u1edbng n\u00e0y d\u1ef1 ki\u1ebfn s\u1ebd ti\u1ebfp t\u1ee5c ph\u00e1t tri\u1ec3n m\u1ea1nh m\u1ebd, t\u1ea1o ra m\u1ed9t h\u1ec7 sinh th\u00e1i b\u1ec1n v\u1eefng cho c\u1ea3 nh\u00e0 ph\u00e1t tri\u1ec3n v\u00e0 ng\u01b0\u1eddi s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng. Trong l\u0129nh v\u1ef1c an ninh m\u1ea1ng v\u00e0 b\u1ea3o m\u1eadt th\u00f4ng tin, c\u00e1c gi\u1ea3i ph\u00e1p ngu\u1ed3n m\u1edf \u0111ang \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c \u0111\u00e1nh gi\u00e1 cao v\u1ec1 t\u00ednh minh b\u1ea1ch, kh\u1ea3 n\u0103ng \u0111\u1ea3m b\u1ea3o an to\u00e0n cho d\u1eef li\u1ec7u quan tr\u1ecdng.<\/p>\n Trong qu\u00e1 tr\u00ecnh ph\u00e1t tri\u1ec3n v\u00e0 \u00e1p d\u1ee5ng ph\u1ea7n m\u1ec1m m\u00e3 ngu\u1ed3n m\u1edf, nhi\u1ec1u quan \u0111i\u1ec3m ch\u01b0a ch\u00ednh x\u00e1c \u0111\u00e3 h\u00ecnh th\u00e0nh v\u00e0 \u1ea3nh h\u01b0\u1edfng \u0111\u1ebfn quy\u1ebft \u0111\u1ecbnh s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng c\u1ee7a c\u00e1c t\u1ed5 ch\u1ee9c. C\u1ee5 th\u1ec3 \u0111\u00f3 l\u00e0:<\/p>\n Nhi\u1ec1u \u0111\u01a1n v\u1ecb e ng\u1ea1i r\u1eb1ng vi\u1ec7c c\u00f4ng khai m\u00e3 ngu\u1ed3n s\u1ebd khi\u1ebfn ph\u1ea7n m\u1ec1m d\u1ec5 b\u1ecb t\u1ea5n c\u00f4ng h\u01a1n. Tuy nhi\u00ean, th\u1ef1c t\u1ebf cho th\u1ea5y \u0111i\u1ec1u ng\u01b0\u1ee3c l\u1ea1i. S\u1ef1 minh b\u1ea1ch c\u1ee7a m\u00e3 ngu\u1ed3n t\u1ea1o \u0111i\u1ec1u ki\u1ec7n cho c\u1ed9ng \u0111\u1ed3ng chuy\u00ean gia to\u00e0n c\u1ea7u c\u00f9ng tham gia ki\u1ec3m tra, ph\u00e1t hi\u1ec7n v\u00e0 kh\u1eafc ph\u1ee5c c\u00e1c \u0111i\u1ec3m y\u1ebfu. Quy tr\u00ecnh r\u00e0 so\u00e1t li\u00ean t\u1ee5c n\u00e0y gi\u00fap s\u1ea3n ph\u1ea9m \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c c\u1ee7ng c\u1ed1 v\u1ec1 m\u1eb7t an ninh nhanh ch\u00f3ng v\u00e0 hi\u1ec7u qu\u1ea3 h\u01a1n so v\u1edbi m\u00f4 h\u00ecnh \u0111\u1ed9c quy\u1ec1n. Nhi\u1ec1u qu\u1ed1c gia th\u1eadm ch\u00ed \u0111\u00e3 ch\u1ee9ng nh\u1eadn r\u1eb1ng c\u00e1c gi\u1ea3i ph\u00e1p m\u00e3 ngu\u1ed3n m\u1edf c\u00f3 \u0111\u1ed9 an to\u00e0n cao h\u01a1n ph\u1ea7n m\u1ec1m th\u01b0\u01a1ng m\u1ea1i. \u0110i\u1ec3n h\u00ecnh nh\u01b0 h\u1ec7 \u0111i\u1ec1u h\u00e0nh Linux \u0111ang \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng r\u1ed9ng r\u00e3i trong c\u00e1c h\u1ec7 th\u1ed1ng m\u00e1y ch\u1ee7 v\u00e0 c\u01a1 s\u1edf h\u1ea1 t\u1ea7ng quan tr\u1ecdng c\u1ee7a nhi\u1ec1u t\u1ed5 ch\u1ee9c t\u00e0i ch\u00ednh, ch\u00ednh ph\u1ee7 tr\u00ean th\u1ebf gi\u1edbi.<\/p>\n M\u1eb7c d\u00f9 m\u00e3 ngu\u1ed3n m\u1edf cho ph\u00e9p truy c\u1eadp v\u00e0 s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng t\u1ef1 do, song n\u00f3 kh\u00f4ng \u0111\u1ed3ng ngh\u0129a v\u1edbi vi\u1ec7c ho\u00e0n to\u00e0n kh\u00f4ng ph\u00e1t sinh chi ph\u00ed. C\u00e1c c\u00f4ng ty ph\u00e1t tri\u1ec3n ph\u1ea7n m\u1ec1m m\u00e3 ngu\u1ed3n m\u1edf v\u1eabn t\u1ea1o ra doanh thu \u0111\u00e1ng k\u1ec3 th\u00f4ng qua nhi\u1ec1u m\u00f4 h\u00ecnh kinh doanh kh\u00e1c nhau. H\u1ecd cung c\u1ea5p c\u00e1c d\u1ecbch v\u1ee5 gi\u00e1 tr\u1ecb gia t\u0103ng nh\u01b0 h\u1ed7 tr\u1ee3 k\u1ef9 thu\u1eadt chuy\u00ean nghi\u1ec7p, t\u00f9y bi\u1ebfn theo y\u00eau c\u1ea7u, \u0111\u00e0o t\u1ea1o v\u00e0 t\u01b0 v\u1ea5n tri\u1ec3n khai. Nhi\u1ec1u d\u1ef1 \u00e1n c\u00f2n ph\u00e1t h\u00e0nh c\u00e1c phi\u00ean b\u1ea3n doanh nghi\u1ec7p v\u1edbi t\u00ednh n\u0103ng n\u00e2ng cao k\u00e8m theo ph\u00ed b\u1ea3n quy\u1ec1n. Chi ph\u00ed n\u00e0y th\u01b0\u1eddng th\u1ea5p h\u01a1n nhi\u1ec1u so v\u1edbi gi\u1ea3i ph\u00e1p \u0111\u1ed9c quy\u1ec1n t\u01b0\u01a1ng \u0111\u01b0\u01a1ng v\u00e0 mang l\u1ea1i s\u1ef1 linh ho\u1ea1t cao h\u01a1n trong vi\u1ec7c l\u1ef1a ch\u1ecdn nh\u00e0 cung c\u1ea5p d\u1ecbch v\u1ee5.<\/p>\n M\u1ed9t nh\u1eadn \u0111\u1ecbnh sai l\u1ea7m ph\u1ed5 bi\u1ebfn l\u00e0 m\u00e3 ngu\u1ed3n m\u1edf ch\u1ec9 d\u00e0nh cho c\u00e1c l\u1eadp tr\u00ecnh vi\u00ean chuy\u00ean nghi\u1ec7p. Th\u1ef1c t\u1ebf, ng\u01b0\u1eddi d\u00f9ng cu\u1ed1i \u0111ang s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng r\u1ea5t nhi\u1ec1u \u1ee9ng d\u1ee5ng m\u00e3 ngu\u1ed3n m\u1edf trong ho\u1ea1t \u0111\u1ed9ng h\u00e0ng ng\u00e0y m\u00e0 kh\u00f4ng nh\u1eadn ra. T\u1eeb tr\u00ecnh duy\u1ec7t web ph\u1ed5 bi\u1ebfn nh\u01b0 Firefox, Chrome \u0111\u1ebfn c\u00e1c c\u00f4ng c\u1ee5 x\u1eed l\u00fd \u1ea3nh, video v\u00e0 game \u0111\u1ec1u c\u00f3 ngu\u1ed3n g\u1ed1c t\u1eeb c\u00e1c d\u1ef1 \u00e1n ngu\u1ed3n m\u1edf. Giao di\u1ec7n ng\u01b0\u1eddi d\u00f9ng c\u1ee7a c\u00e1c \u1ee9ng d\u1ee5ng n\u00e0y \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c thi\u1ebft k\u1ebf chuy\u00ean nghi\u1ec7p, th\u00e2n thi\u1ec7n kh\u00f4ng k\u00e9m c\u00e1c ph\u1ea7n m\u1ec1m th\u01b0\u01a1ng m\u1ea1i. S\u1ef1 \u0111a d\u1ea1ng c\u1ee7a h\u1ec7 sinh th\u00e1i m\u00e3 ngu\u1ed3n m\u1edf \u0111\u00e1p \u1ee9ng \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c nhu c\u1ea7u c\u1ee7a m\u1ecdi \u0111\u1ed1i t\u01b0\u1ee3ng ng\u01b0\u1eddi d\u00f9ng, t\u1eeb ng\u01b0\u1eddi m\u1edbi b\u1eaft \u0111\u1ea7u \u0111\u1ebfn chuy\u00ean gia trong nhi\u1ec1u l\u0129nh v\u1ef1c kh\u00e1c nhau.<\/p>\n M\u1ed9t s\u1ed1 ng\u01b0\u1eddi cho r\u1eb1ng m\u00e3 ngu\u1ed3n m\u1edf ch\u1ec9 l\u00e0 xu h\u01b0\u1edbng nh\u1ea5t th\u1eddi. Tuy nhi\u00ean, l\u1ecbch s\u1eed ph\u00e1t tri\u1ec3n g\u1ea7n 30 n\u0103m c\u1ee7a phong tr\u00e0o n\u00e0y \u0111\u00e3 ch\u1ee9ng minh \u0111i\u1ec1u ng\u01b0\u1ee3c l\u1ea1i. T\u1eeb khi xu\u1ea5t hi\u1ec7n v\u00e0o \u0111\u1ea7u th\u1eadp ni\u00ean 90, m\u00f4 h\u00ecnh ph\u00e1t tri\u1ec3n m\u00e3 ngu\u1ed3n m\u1edf \u0111\u00e3 kh\u00f4ng ng\u1eebng l\u1edbn m\u1ea1nh v\u00e0 ng\u00e0y c\u00e0ng \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c th\u01b0\u01a1ng m\u1ea1i h\u00f3a th\u00e0nh c\u00f4ng. C\u00e1c c\u00f4ng ty c\u00f4ng ngh\u1ec7 h\u00e0ng \u0111\u1ea7u nh\u01b0 Google, Facebook, Microsoft \u0111\u1ec1u \u00e1p d\u1ee5ng m\u00e3 ngu\u1ed3n m\u1edf trong ho\u1ea1t \u0111\u1ed9ng kinh doanh. Ngay c\u1ea3 nh\u1eefng t\u1ed5 ch\u1ee9c \u0111\u00f2i h\u1ecfi \u0111\u1ed9 b\u1ea3o m\u1eadt cao nh\u01b0 S\u1edf Giao d\u1ecbch Ch\u1ee9ng kho\u00e1n New York hay c\u00e1c ng\u00e2n h\u00e0ng l\u1edbn c\u0169ng tin t\u01b0\u1edfng s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng. S\u1ef1 ph\u1ed5 bi\u1ebfn v\u00e0 t\u1ea7m \u1ea3nh h\u01b0\u1edfng ng\u00e0y c\u00e0ng t\u0103ng c\u1ee7a m\u00e3 ngu\u1ed3n m\u1edf trong th\u1eddi \u0111\u1ea1i s\u1ed1 h\u00f3a cho th\u1ea5y \u0111\u00e2y l\u00e0 xu th\u1ebf ph\u00e1t tri\u1ec3n b\u1ec1n v\u1eefng c\u1ee7a ng\u00e0nh c\u00f4ng ngh\u1ec7 th\u00f4ng tin.<\/p>\n Khi l\u1ef1a ch\u1ecdn ph\u1ea7n m\u1ec1m, b\u1ea1n th\u01b0\u1eddng ph\u1ea3i c\u00e2n nh\u1eafc gi\u1eefa \u0111a d\u1ea1ng c\u00e1c ph\u1ea7n m\u1ec1m kh\u00e1c nhau. M\u1ed7i lo\u1ea1i ph\u1ea7n m\u1ec1m c\u00f3 nh\u1eefng \u0111\u1eb7c \u0111i\u1ec3m ri\u00eang bi\u1ec7t, ph\u00f9 h\u1ee3p v\u1edbi nhu c\u1ea7u v\u00e0 m\u1ee5c \u0111\u00edch s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng ri\u00eang. D\u01b0\u1edbi \u0111\u00e2y l\u00e0 b\u1ea3ng so s\u00e1nh chi ti\u1ebft gi\u1eefa Open Source, Commercial Software, Freeware v\u00e0 Shareware:<\/p>\n1. Open Source L\u00e0 G\u00ec?<\/strong><\/span><\/h2>\n
2. \u0110\u1eb7c \u0110i\u1ec3m C\u1ee7a Open Source<\/strong><\/span><\/h2>\n
3. \u01afu – Nh\u01b0\u1ee3c \u0110i\u1ec3m C\u1ee7a Open Source<\/strong><\/span><\/h2>\n
3.1 \u01afu \u0110i\u1ec3m<\/strong><\/span><\/h3>\n
3.1.1 Ti\u1ebft ki\u1ec7m Chi Ph\u00ed \u0110\u1ea7u T\u01b0<\/strong><\/span><\/h4>\n
3.1.2 Kh\u1ea3 N\u0103ng T\u00f9y Bi\u1ebfn Linh Ho\u1ea1t<\/strong><\/span><\/h4>\n
3.1.3 C\u1ed9ng \u0110\u1ed3ng H\u1ed7 Tr\u1ee3 R\u1ed9ng L\u1edbn<\/strong><\/span><\/h4>\n
3.2 Nh\u01b0\u1ee3c \u0110i\u1ec3m<\/strong><\/span><\/h3>\n
3.2.1 Kh\u00f3 \u0110\u00e1p \u1ee8ng Ch\u00ednh X\u00e1c Nhu C\u1ea7u \u0110\u1eb7c Th\u00f9<\/strong><\/span><\/h4>\n
3.2.2 R\u1ee7i Ro B\u1ea3o M\u1eadt Nghi\u00eam Tr\u1ecdng<\/strong><\/span><\/h4>\n
4. \u1ee8ng D\u1ee5ng C\u1ee7a Open Source Nh\u01b0 Th\u1ebf N\u00e0o?<\/strong><\/span><\/h2>\n
4.1 RedHat<\/strong><\/span><\/h3>\n
4.2 LibreOffice<\/strong><\/span><\/h3>\n
4.3 GNU<\/strong><\/span><\/h3>\n
4.4 VLC<\/strong><\/span><\/h3>\n
5. Xu H\u01b0\u1edbng Ph\u00e1t Tri\u1ec3n C\u1ee7a Open Source Trong T\u01b0\u01a1ng Lai<\/strong><\/span><\/h2>\n
6. M\u1ed9t S\u1ed1 Nh\u1eadn \u0110\u1ecbnh Sai L\u1ea7m V\u1ec1 Open Source<\/strong><\/span><\/h2>\n
6.1 M\u1ed1i Lo Ng\u1ea1i V\u1ec1 An Ninh B\u1ea3o M\u1eadt<\/strong><\/span><\/h3>\n
6.2 T\u00ednh Mi\u1ec5n Ph\u00ed Ho\u00e0n To\u00e0n<\/strong><\/span><\/h3>\n
6.3 \u0110\u1ecbnh Ki\u1ebfn V\u1ec1 \u0110\u1ed9 Ph\u1ee9c T\u1ea1p K\u1ef9 Thu\u1eadt<\/strong><\/span><\/h3>\n
6.4 Quan \u0110i\u1ec3m V\u1ec1 T\u00ednh B\u1ec1n V\u1eefng<\/strong><\/span><\/h3>\n
7. So S\u00e1nh Open Source V\u1edbi Commercial Software, Freeware V\u00e0 Shareware<\/strong><\/span><\/h2>\n
\n\n
\n Ti\u00eau ch\u00ed<\/strong><\/td>\n Open Source<\/strong><\/td>\n Commercial Software<\/strong><\/td>\n Freeware<\/strong><\/td>\n Shareware<\/strong><\/td>\n<\/tr>\n \n M\u00e3 ngu\u1ed3n<\/td>\n C\u00f4ng khai v\u00e0 c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 s\u1eeda \u0111\u1ed5i<\/td>\n \u0110\u00f3ng v\u00e0 kh\u00f4ng th\u1ec3 s\u1eeda \u0111\u1ed5i<\/td>\n \u0110\u00f3ng v\u00e0 kh\u00f4ng th\u1ec3 s\u1eeda \u0111\u1ed5i<\/td>\n \u0110\u00f3ng v\u00e0 kh\u00f4ng th\u1ec3 s\u1eeda \u0111\u1ed5i<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n \n Chi ph\u00ed<\/td>\n Mi\u1ec5n ph\u00ed ho\u1eb7c tr\u1ea3 ph\u00ed t\u00f9y theo d\u1ef1 \u00e1n<\/td>\n Ph\u1ea3i tr\u1ea3 ph\u00ed mua b\u1ea3n quy\u1ec1n<\/td>\n Mi\u1ec5n ph\u00ed<\/td>\n D\u00f9ng th\u1eed mi\u1ec5n ph\u00ed, ph\u1ea3i tr\u1ea3 ph\u00ed sau m\u1ed9t th\u1eddi gian<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n \n C\u1eadp nh\u1eadt<\/td>\n \u0110\u01b0\u1ee3c c\u1ed9ng \u0111\u1ed3ng c\u1eadp nh\u1eadt th\u01b0\u1eddng xuy\u00ean<\/td>\n C\u1eadp nh\u1eadt theo chu k\u1ef3 c\u1ee7a nh\u00e0 s\u1ea3n xu\u1ea5t<\/td>\n C\u1eadp nh\u1eadt th\u01b0\u1eddng xuy\u00ean nh\u01b0ng c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 h\u1ea1n ch\u1ebf t\u00ednh n\u0103ng<\/td>\n C\u1eadp nh\u1eadt theo nh\u00e0 ph\u00e1t tri\u1ec3n v\u00e0 c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 gi\u1edbi h\u1ea1n<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n \n Kh\u1ea3 n\u0103ng t\u00f9y ch\u1ec9nh<\/td>\n Cao, ng\u01b0\u1eddi d\u00f9ng c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 thay \u0111\u1ed5i m\u00e3 ngu\u1ed3n<\/td>\n Th\u1ea5p, ng\u01b0\u1eddi d\u00f9ng kh\u00f4ng th\u1ec3 thay \u0111\u1ed5i<\/td>\n Th\u1ea5p, kh\u00f4ng th\u1ec3 thay \u0111\u1ed5i<\/td>\n Th\u1ea5p, c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 thay \u0111\u1ed5i m\u1ed9t s\u1ed1 t\u00ednh n\u0103ng trong phi\u00ean b\u1ea3n d\u00f9ng th\u1eed<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n \n Ph\u1ea1m vi s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng<\/td>\n D\u00e0nh cho c\u00e1 nh\u00e2n, t\u1ed5 ch\u1ee9c, doanh nghi\u1ec7p<\/td>\n Th\u01b0\u1eddng d\u00e0nh cho doanh nghi\u1ec7p ho\u1eb7c ng\u01b0\u1eddi d\u00f9ng c\u00e1 nh\u00e2n<\/td>\n D\u00e0nh cho ng\u01b0\u1eddi d\u00f9ng c\u00e1 nh\u00e2n<\/td>\n D\u00e0nh cho ng\u01b0\u1eddi d\u00f9ng c\u00e1 nh\u00e2n ho\u1eb7c th\u1eed nghi\u1ec7m tr\u01b0\u1edbc khi quy\u1ebft \u0111\u1ecbnh mua<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<\/tbody>\n<\/table>\n