{"id":91469,"date":"2025-02-23T08:52:45","date_gmt":"2025-02-23T01:52:45","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/jobsgo.vn\/blog\/?p=91469"},"modified":"2025-03-16T09:03:17","modified_gmt":"2025-03-16T02:03:17","slug":"thue-luy-tien-la-gi","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/jobsgo.vn\/blog\/thue-luy-tien-la-gi\/","title":{"rendered":"Thu\u1ebf L\u0169y Ti\u1ebfn L\u00e0 G\u00ec? H\u01b0\u1edbng D\u1eabn Chi Ti\u1ebft V\u1ec1 Bi\u1ec3u Thu\u1ebf TNCN 2025"},"content":{"rendered":"\n
Trong b\u1ed1i c\u1ea3nh n\u1ec1n kinh t\u1ebf ph\u00e1t tri\u1ec3n v\u00e0 s\u1ef1 bi\u1ebfn chuy\u1ec3n c\u1ee7a h\u1ec7 th\u1ed1ng t\u00e0i ch\u00ednh, vi\u1ec7c n\u1eafm b\u1eaft th\u00f4ng tin v\u1ec1 thu\u1ebf l\u0169y ti\u1ebfn l\u00e0 v\u00f4 c\u00f9ng c\u1ea7n thi\u1ebft \u0111\u1ed1i v\u1edbi m\u1ed7i c\u00e1 nh\u00e2n v\u00e0 doanh nghi\u1ec7p. B\u00e0i vi\u1ebft n\u00e0y s\u1ebd gi\u00fap b\u1ea1n t\u00ecm hi\u1ec3u m\u1ed9t c\u00e1ch chi ti\u1ebft v\u1ec1 “<\/em>thu\u1ebf l\u0169y ti\u1ebfn l\u00e0 g<\/em><\/strong><\/a>\u00ec”, bi\u1ec3u thu\u1ebf l\u0169y ti\u1ebfn t\u1eebng ph\u1ea7n, l\u1ee3i \u00edch c\u0169ng nh\u01b0 t\u00e1c \u0111\u1ed9ng c\u1ee7a h\u00ecnh th\u1ee9c thu\u1ebf n\u00e0y \u0111\u1ed1i v\u1edbi ng\u01b0\u1eddi lao \u0111\u1ed9ng v\u00e0 nh\u00e0 tuy\u1ec3n d\u1ee5ng.<\/em><\/p>\n M\u1ee5c l\u1ee5c<\/p> “Thu\u1ebf l\u0169y ti\u1ebfn l\u00e0 g\u00ec<\/strong>” l\u00e0 m\u1ed9t c\u00e2u h\u1ecfi th\u01b0\u1eddng g\u1eb7p v\u00e0 mang t\u00ednh ti\u00ean quy\u1ebft khi \u0111i v\u00e0o ph\u00e2n t\u00edch h\u1ec7 th\u1ed1ng thu\u1ebf c\u1ee7a m\u1ed9t qu\u1ed1c gia. V\u1ec1 c\u01a1 b\u1ea3n, thu\u1ebf l\u0169y ti\u1ebfn l\u00e0 ph\u01b0\u01a1ng ph\u00e1p t\u00ednh thu\u1ebf thu nh\u1eadp c\u00e1 nh\u00e2n (TNCN) d\u1ef1a tr\u00ean nguy\u00ean t\u1eafc r\u1eb1ng m\u1ee9c thu\u1ebf su\u1ea5t s\u1ebd t\u0103ng d\u1ea7n theo m\u1ee9c thu nh\u1eadp. \u0110i\u1ec1u n\u00e0y c\u00f3 ngh\u0129a l\u00e0 nh\u1eefng ng\u01b0\u1eddi c\u00f3 thu nh\u1eadp cao ph\u1ea3i ch\u1ecbu m\u1ee9c thu\u1ebf su\u1ea5t cao h\u01a1n so v\u1edbi nh\u1eefng ng\u01b0\u1eddi c\u00f3 thu nh\u1eadp th\u1ea5p.<\/p><\/blockquote>\n M\u1ed9t s\u1ed1 \u0111\u1eb7c \u0111i\u1ec3m n\u1ed5i b\u1eadt c\u1ee7a thu\u1ebf l\u0169y ti\u1ebfn:<\/p>\n M\u1ee5c ti\u00eau c\u1ee7a thu\u1ebf l\u0169y ti\u1ebfn kh\u00f4ng ch\u1ec9 l\u00e0 t\u1ea1o ngu\u1ed3n thu cho ng\u00e2n s\u00e1ch nh\u00e0 n\u01b0\u1edbc m\u00e0 c\u00f2n l\u00e0 c\u00f4ng c\u1ee5 t\u00e1i ph\u00e2n ph\u1ed1i thu nh\u1eadp, h\u1ed7 tr\u1ee3 c\u00e1c ch\u01b0\u01a1ng tr\u00ecnh ph\u00fac l\u1ee3i x\u00e3 h\u1ed9i v\u00e0 ph\u00e1t tri\u1ec3n kinh t\u1ebf b\u1ec1n v\u1eefng. C\u1ee5 th\u1ec3, m\u1ee5c \u0111\u00edch \u00e1p d\u1ee5ng thu\u1ebf l\u0169y ti\u1ebfn bao g\u1ed3m:<\/p>\n H\u1ec7 th\u1ed1ng bi\u1ec3u thu\u1ebf thu nh\u1eadp c\u00e1 nh\u00e2n l\u0169y ti\u1ebfn cung c\u1ea5p m\u1ed9t khung m\u1ee9c thu\u1ebf su\u1ea5t \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c \u00e1p d\u1ee5ng theo t\u1eebng ph\u1ea7n thu nh\u1eadp, gi\u00fap ch\u00ednh ph\u1ee7 ph\u00e2n b\u1ed5 g\u00e1nh n\u1eb7ng m\u1ed9t c\u00e1ch h\u1ee3p l\u00fd. Trong h\u1ec7 th\u1ed1ng n\u00e0y, t\u1ed5ng thu nh\u1eadp ch\u1ecbu thu\u1ebf \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c ph\u00e2n chia th\u00e0nh c\u00e1c \u0111o\u1ea1n (khung) v\u1edbi m\u1ed7i \u0111o\u1ea1n \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c \u00e1p d\u1ee5ng m\u1ed9t m\u1ee9c thu\u1ebf su\u1ea5t kh\u00e1c nhau.<\/p>\n \u0110i\u1ec1u quan tr\u1ecdng tr\u01b0\u1edbc khi \u0111\u1ebfn vi\u1ec7c t\u00ednh thu\u1ebf l\u00e0 x\u00e1c \u0111\u1ecbnh c\u00e1c ngu\u1ed3n thu nh\u1eadp \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c xem l\u00e0 \u0111\u1ed1i t\u01b0\u1ee3ng t\u00ednh thu\u1ebf. C\u00e1c ngu\u1ed3n thu nh\u1eadp ph\u1ed5 bi\u1ebfn bao g\u1ed3m:<\/p>\n Vi\u1ec7c x\u00e1c \u0111\u1ecbnh ch\u00ednh x\u00e1c ngu\u1ed3n thu nh\u1eadp t\u00ednh thu\u1ebf gi\u00fap ng\u01b0\u1eddi n\u1ed9p thu\u1ebf c\u00f3 c\u0103n c\u1ee9 \u0111\u1ec3 \u00e1p d\u1ee5ng m\u1ee9c thu\u1ebf su\u1ea5t ph\u00f9 h\u1ee3p theo bi\u1ec3u thu\u1ebf l\u0169y ti\u1ebfn.<\/p>\n \u0110\u1ec3 th\u1ec3 hi\u1ec7n m\u1ed9t c\u00e1ch chi ti\u1ebft nh\u1ea5t, d\u01b0\u1edbi \u0111\u00e2y l\u00e0 v\u00ed d\u1ee5 minh h\u1ecda v\u1ec1 bi\u1ec3u thu\u1ebf thu nh\u1eadp c\u00e1 nh\u00e2n l\u0169y ti\u1ebfn t\u1eebng ph\u1ea7n d\u1ef1 ki\u1ebfn \u00e1p d\u1ee5ng trong n\u0103m 2024:<\/p>\n L\u01b0u \u00fd: C\u00e1c con s\u1ed1 v\u00e0 b\u1eadc thu\u1ebf \u1edf tr\u00ean ch\u1ec9 mang t\u00ednh minh h\u1ecda v\u00e0 c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 thay \u0111\u1ed5i t\u00f9y theo ch\u00ednh s\u00e1ch thu\u1ebf \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c ban h\u00e0nh b\u1edfi c\u01a1 quan ch\u1ee9c n\u0103ng.<\/p>\n Trong h\u1ec7 th\u1ed1ng thu\u1ebf c\u1ee7a nhi\u1ec1u qu\u1ed1c gia, thu\u1ebf l\u0169y ti\u1ebfn \u0111\u00f3ng vai tr\u00f2 quan tr\u1ecdng trong vi\u1ec7c \u0111\u1ea3m b\u1ea3o c\u00f4ng b\u1eb1ng x\u00e3 h\u1ed9i v\u00e0 \u0111i\u1ec1u ti\u1ebft thu nh\u1eadp. V\u1eady, nh\u1eefng c\u00e1 nh\u00e2n v\u00e0 t\u1ed5 ch\u1ee9c n\u00e0o ph\u1ea3i \u0111\u00f3ng thu\u1ebf theo h\u00ecnh th\u1ee9c n\u00e0y?<\/p>\n Thu\u1ebf l\u0169y ti\u1ebfn kh\u00f4ng ch\u1ec9 \u1ea3nh h\u01b0\u1edfng \u0111\u1ebfn m\u1ed9t nh\u00f3m nh\u1ecf ng\u01b0\u1eddi c\u00f3 thu nh\u1eadp cao, m\u00e0 c\u00f2n \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c \u00e1p d\u1ee5ng r\u1ed9ng r\u00e3i v\u1edbi nh\u1eefng c\u00e1 nh\u00e2n c\u00f3 ngu\u1ed3n thu nh\u1eadp \u0111a d\u1ea1ng. C\u1ee5 th\u1ec3, nh\u1eefng ai ph\u1ea3i \u0111\u00f3ng thu\u1ebf theo h\u00ecnh th\u1ee9c l\u0169y ti\u1ebfn bao g\u1ed3m:<\/p>\n Vi\u1ec7c t\u00ednh thu\u1ebf theo nguy\u00ean t\u1eafc l\u0169y ti\u1ebfn \u0111\u00f2i h\u1ecfi ng\u01b0\u1eddi n\u1ed9p thu\u1ebf ph\u1ea3i tu\u00e2n th\u1ee7 m\u1ed9t tr\u00ecnh t\u1ef1 v\u00e0 \u00e1p d\u1ee5ng \u0111\u00fang c\u00e1c c\u00f4ng th\u1ee9c theo m\u1ee9c thu nh\u1eadp th\u1ef1c t\u1ebf c\u1ee7a m\u00ecnh.<\/p>\n \u0110\u1ec3 t\u00ednh thu\u1ebf TNCN theo h\u1ec7 th\u1ed1ng l\u0169y ti\u1ebfn, tr\u01b0\u1edbc h\u1ebft b\u1ea1n c\u1ea7n x\u00e1c \u0111\u1ecbnh t\u1ed5ng thu nh\u1eadp ch\u1ecbu thu\u1ebf c\u1ee7a m\u00ecnh sau khi \u0111\u00e3 tr\u1eeb \u0111i c\u00e1c kho\u1ea3n gi\u1ea3m tr\u1eeb gia c\u1ea3nh v\u00e0 c\u00e1c kho\u1ea3n chi ph\u00ed h\u1ee3p l\u00fd. C\u00f4ng th\u1ee9c chung c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c m\u00f4 t\u1ea3 nh\u01b0 sau:<\/p>\n Thu\u1ebf ph\u1ea3i n\u1ed9p = \u03a3 (Ph\u1ea7n thu nh\u1eadp n\u1eb1m trong t\u1eebng khung thu\u1ebf \u00d7 Thu\u1ebf su\u1ea5t c\u1ee7a khung \u0111\u00f3)<\/p>\n<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<\/tbody>\n<\/table>\n Quy tr\u00ecnh th\u1ef1c hi\u1ec7n:<\/p>\n \u0110\u1ec3 hi\u1ec3u r\u00f5 h\u01a1n, ch\u00fang ta h\u00e3y li\u1ec7t k\u00ea tr\u00ecnh t\u1ef1 t\u00ednh thu\u1ebf theo c\u00e1c b\u01b0\u1edbc sau:<\/p>\n Gi\u1ea3 s\u1eed m\u1ed9t ng\u01b0\u1eddi lao \u0111\u1ed9ng c\u00f3 t\u1ed5ng thu nh\u1eadp sau khi tr\u1eeb gi\u1ea3m tr\u1eeb l\u00e0 300 tri\u1ec7u \u0111\u1ed3ng. \u00c1p d\u1ee5ng bi\u1ec3u thu\u1ebf l\u0169y ti\u1ebfn t\u1eebng ph\u1ea7n nh\u01b0 \u0111\u00e3 li\u1ec7t k\u00ea \u1edf ph\u1ea7n 3.1.2, ta th\u1ef1c hi\u1ec7n c\u00e1c b\u01b0\u1edbc sau:<\/p>\n T\u1ed5ng s\u1ed1 thu\u1ebf ph\u1ea3i n\u1ed9p = 3 + 6 + 14.4 + 16.8 = 40.2 tri\u1ec7u \u0111\u1ed3ng<\/p>\n H\u1ec7 th\u1ed1ng thu\u1ebf l\u0169y ti\u1ebfn mang l\u1ea1i nhi\u1ec1u l\u1ee3i \u00edch kh\u00f4ng ch\u1ec9 cho ng\u01b0\u1eddi lao \u0111\u1ed9ng m\u00e0 c\u00f2n cho c\u00e1c doanh nghi\u1ec7p v\u00e0 c\u1ea3 n\u1ec1n kinh t\u1ebf chung. D\u01b0\u1edbi \u0111\u00e2y l\u00e0 ph\u00e2n t\u00edch chi ti\u1ebft v\u1ec1 c\u00e1c l\u1ee3i \u00edch v\u00e0 t\u00e1c \u0111\u1ed9ng c\u1ee7a thu\u1ebf l\u0169y ti\u1ebfn.<\/p>\n \u0110\u1ed1i v\u1edbi c\u00e1 nh\u00e2n, vi\u1ec7c \u0111\u00f3ng thu\u1ebf l\u0169y ti\u1ebfn mang l\u1ea1i m\u1ed9t s\u1ed1 l\u1ee3i \u00edch c\u1ee5 th\u1ec3 nh\u01b0:<\/p>\n H\u1ec7 th\u1ed1ng thu\u1ebf l\u0169y ti\u1ebfn kh\u00f4ng ch\u1ec9 \u1ea3nh h\u01b0\u1edfng \u0111\u1ebfn ng\u01b0\u1eddi lao \u0111\u1ed9ng m\u00e0 c\u00f2n c\u00f3 t\u00e1c \u0111\u1ed9ng \u0111\u00e1ng k\u1ec3 \u0111\u1ed1i v\u1edbi c\u00e1c nh\u00e0 tuy\u1ec3n d\u1ee5ng v\u00e0 doanh nghi\u1ec7p.<\/p>\n1. Thu\u1ebf L\u0169y Ti\u1ebfn L\u00e0 G\u00ec?<\/strong><\/span><\/h2>\n
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2. M\u1ee5c \u0110\u00edch \u00c1p D\u1ee5ng Thu\u1ebf L\u0169y Ti\u1ebfn<\/strong><\/span><\/h2>\n
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3. Bi\u1ec3u Thu\u1ebf Thu Nh\u1eadp C\u00e1 Nh\u00e2n L\u0169y Ti\u1ebfn<\/strong><\/span><\/h2>\n
3.1 Bi\u1ec3u Thu\u1ebf L\u0169y Ti\u1ebfn T\u1eebng Ph\u1ea7n \u00c1p D\u1ee5ng<\/strong><\/span><\/h3>\n
3.1.1 Ngu\u1ed3n Thu Nh\u1eadp T\u00ednh Thu\u1ebf<\/strong><\/span><\/h4>\n
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3.1.2 Bi\u1ec3u Thu\u1ebf L\u0169y Ti\u1ebfn T\u1eebng Ph\u1ea7n N\u0103m 2024<\/strong><\/span><\/h4>\n
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\n B\u1eadc thu\u1ebf<\/strong><\/td>\n Ph\u1ea7n thu nh\u1eadp t\u00ednh thu\u1ebf\/n\u0103m<\/strong><\/td>\n Ph\u1ea7n thu nh\u1eadp t\u00ednh thu\u1ebf\/th\u00e1ng<\/strong><\/td>\n Thu\u1ebf su\u1ea5t<\/strong><\/td>\n<\/tr>\n \n 1<\/td>\n \u0110\u1ebfn 60 tri\u1ec7u \u0111\u1ed3ng<\/td>\n \u0110\u1ebfn 5 tri\u1ec7u \u0111\u1ed3ng<\/td>\n 5%<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n \n 2<\/td>\n Tr\u00ean 60 \u0111\u1ebfn 120 tri\u1ec7u \u0111\u1ed3ng<\/td>\n Tr\u00ean 5 \u0111\u1ebfn 10 tri\u1ec7u \u0111\u1ed3ng<\/td>\n 10%<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n \n 3<\/td>\n Tr\u00ean 120 \u0111\u1ebfn 216 tri\u1ec7u \u0111\u1ed3ng<\/td>\n Tr\u00ean 10 \u0111\u1ebfn 18 tri\u1ec7u \u0111\u1ed3ng<\/td>\n 15%<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n \n 4<\/td>\n Tr\u00ean 216 \u0111\u1ebfn 384 tri\u1ec7u \u0111\u1ed3ng<\/td>\n Tr\u00ean 18 \u0111\u1ebfn 32 tri\u1ec7u \u0111\u1ed3ng<\/td>\n 20%<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n \n 5<\/td>\n Tr\u00ean 384 \u0111\u1ebfn 624 tri\u1ec7u \u0111\u1ed3ng<\/td>\n Tr\u00ean 32 \u0111\u1ebfn 52 tri\u1ec7u \u0111\u1ed3ng<\/td>\n 25%<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n \n 6<\/td>\n Tr\u00ean 624 \u0111\u1ebfn 960 tri\u1ec7u \u0111\u1ed3ng<\/td>\n Tr\u00ean 52 \u0111\u1ebfn 80 tri\u1ec7u \u0111\u1ed3ng<\/td>\n 30%<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n \n 7<\/td>\n Tr\u00ean 960 tri\u1ec7u \u0111\u1ed3ng<\/td>\n Tr\u00ean 80 tri\u1ec7u \u0111\u1ed3ng<\/td>\n 35%<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<\/tbody>\n<\/table>\n 4. \u0110\u1ed1i T\u01b0\u1ee3ng \u00c1p D\u1ee5ng Thu\u1ebf L\u0169y Ti\u1ebfn<\/strong><\/span><\/h2>\n
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5. C\u00e1ch T\u00ednh Thu\u1ebf Thu Nh\u1eadp C\u00e1 Nh\u00e2n L\u0169y Ti\u1ebfn<\/strong><\/span><\/h2>\n
5.1 C\u00f4ng Th\u1ee9c T\u00ednh Thu\u1ebf TNCN L\u0169y Ti\u1ebfn<\/strong><\/span><\/h3>\n
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5.2 Tr\u00ecnh T\u1ef1 T\u00ednh Thu\u1ebf C\u1ea7n Th\u1ef1c Hi\u1ec7n<\/strong><\/span><\/h3>\n
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5.3 V\u00ed D\u1ee5 T\u00ednh Thu\u1ebf C\u1ee5 Th\u1ec3 Cho Ng\u01b0\u1eddi Lao \u0110\u1ed9ng<\/strong><\/span><\/h3>\n
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\n Kho\u1ea3n thu nh\u1eadp t\u00ednh thu\u1ebf (Tri\u1ec7u \u0111\u1ed3ng\/n\u0103m)<\/strong><\/td>\n M\u1ee9c thu\u1ebf ph\u1ea3i n\u1ed9p<\/strong><\/td>\n<\/tr>\n \n \u0110\u1ebfn 60 tri\u1ec7u \u0111\u1ea7u ti\u00ean<\/td>\n \n \n
\n Ph\u1ea7n t\u1eeb tr\u00ean 60 \u0111\u1ebfn 120 tri\u1ec7u<\/td>\n \n \n
\n Ph\u1ea7n t\u1eeb tr\u00ean 120 \u0111\u1ebfn 216 tri\u1ec7u<\/td>\n \n \n
\n Ph\u1ea7n t\u1eeb tr\u00ean 216 \u0111\u1ebfn 300 tri\u1ec7u<\/td>\n \n \n
6. L\u1ee3i \u00cdch V\u00e0 T\u00e1c \u0110\u1ed9ng C\u1ee7a Thu\u1ebf L\u0169y Ti\u1ebfn<\/strong><\/span><\/h2>\n
6.1 \u0110\u1ed1i V\u1edbi Ng\u01b0\u1eddi Lao \u0110\u1ed9ng<\/strong><\/span><\/h3>\n
6.1.1 Khuy\u1ebfn Kh\u00edch Ph\u00e1t Tri\u1ec3n Ngh\u1ec1 Nghi\u1ec7p<\/strong><\/span><\/h4>\n
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6.1.2 Th\u00fac \u0110\u1ea9y S\u1ef1 C\u00f4ng B\u1eb1ng X\u00e3 H\u1ed9i<\/strong><\/span><\/h4>\n
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6.2 \u0110\u1ed1i V\u1edbi Nh\u00e0 Tuy\u1ec3n D\u1ee5ng<\/strong><\/span><\/h3>\n
6.2.1 C\u00e1ch \u00c1p D\u1ee5ng Trong Vi\u1ec7c X\u00e2y D\u1ef1ng M\u1ee9c L\u01b0\u01a1ng<\/strong><\/span><\/h4>\n
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6.2.2 Qu\u1ea3n L\u00fd Chi Ph\u00ed V\u00e0 Ngh\u0129a V\u1ee5 Thu\u1ebf<\/strong><\/span><\/h4>\n
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